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A meta-analysis on metacognitive training in mathematics education
No full textLisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, Matematik ve Fen Bilimleri Eğitimi Ana Bilim Dalı, Matematik Eğitimi Bilim DalıÜstbiliş son yıllarda matematik eğitimi araştırmalarının odağı haline gelmiştir. Matematik eğitimi alan yazınında üstbiliş ile ilgili birçok çalışma varken bu çalışmaları derlemeye yönelik araştırmalar oldukça sınırlı sayıdadır. Örneğin, Baş ve Özturan-Sağırlı (2017) matematik eğitimi araştırmalarında üstbilişin kullanımına yönelik nitel araştırmaları derleme (meta sentez) çalışması yürütmüşlerdir. Ancak matematik eğitiminde üstbilişin etkisini ortaya koyacak nicel derleme araştırmaları (meta-analiz) sınırlı sayıda kalmıştır. Muncer ve diğerleri (2022) ergenlik dönemindeki öğrencilerin üstbilişleri ile matematik başarıları arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemeye yönelik bir meta-analiz araştırması yapmıştır. Araştırmanın sonucunda üstbiliş ile matematik başarısı arasında ilişki olduğunu belirlemiştir. Deneysel araştırmalar bağımsız değişkenleri manipüle edip bağımlı değişkenlerin etkisini ortaya çıkarması bakımından oldukça önemlidir. Bu nedenle bağımsız değişkenler manipüle edilerek üstbilişe dayalı öğretimin matematik başarısı ve problem çözme becerisi üzerindeki etkisini inceleyecek meta-analizlerin önemli olduğu düşünülmektedir. Bu araştırma üstbilişe dayalı öğretim yönteminin Türk öğrencilerin matematik başarılarına ve problem çözme becerilerine etkisini inceleyen önceki nicel araştırmaların ortak etkisini belirlemeye yönelik bir meta-analizdir. Yapılan sistematik tarama sonucunda üstbilişin matematik başarısı ve problem çözme becerisi üzerine etkisini inceleyen çalışmaya dâhil etme kriterlerini karşılayan 2000-2023 yılları arasını kapsayan 12 deneysel araştırma dâhil edilmiştir. Üstbilişe dayalı öğretimin matematik başarısı üzerine yapılan çalışmaların ortalama etki büyüklük değeri (g=1.17), problem çözme becerisi üzerine yapılan çalışmaların ortalama etki büyüklük değeri (g=1.37) olarak hesaplanmıştır. Yapılan analiz sonucunda etki büyüklük değerlerinin anlamlı olduğu belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak üstbilişe dayalı öğretimin matematik başarısı ve problem çöme becerisi üzerinde olumlu etkisi olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmada ulaşılan sonuçlardan bir diğeri ise üstbilişe dayalı öğretimin hem matematik başarısı üzerindeki hem de problem çözme becerisi üzerindeki etkisi ilkokul öğrencilerinde ortaokul öğrencilerine göre daha yüksek olmasıdır. Bu meta-analiz, önceki çalışmalardan elde edilen verilerle genel bir sonuca ulaşarak matematik eğitiminde üstbiliş çalışacak araştırmacılara konu belirleme hususunda yol gösterici olacaktır.Metacognition has become the focus of mathematics education research in recent years. While there are many studies on metacognition in the mathematics education literature, there needs to be more studies on compiling these studies. For example, Baş and Özturan-Sağırlı (2017) conducted a compilation (meta-synthesis) study of qualitative studies on the use of metacognition in mathematics education research. However, a limited number of quantitative compilation studies (meta-analysis) will reveal the effect of metacognition in mathematics education. Muncer et al. (2022) conducted a meta-analysis study to examine the relationship between metacognition and mathematics achievement of adolescent students. As a result of the research, it was determined that there was a relationship between metacognition and mathematics achievement. Experimental research is fundamental because it manipulates independent variables and reveals the effect of dependent variables. For this reason, meta-analyses that will examine the effect of metacognitive training on mathematics achievement and problem-solving by manipulating independent variables are essential. This research is a meta-analysis to determine the joint effect of previous quantitative studies examining the effect of the metacognitive training method on Turkish students' mathematics achievement and problem-solving skills. As a result of the systematic screening, 12 experimental studies covering 2000-2023 that met the inclusion criteria were included in the study examining the effect of metacognition on mathematics achievement and problem-solving skills. The average effect size value of studies on mathematics achievement of metacognitive training was calculated as (g = 1.17), and the average effect size value of studies on problem-solving skills was calculated as (g = 1.37). As a result of the analysis, it was determined that the effect size values were significant. As a result, it was determined that metacognitive training positively affected mathematics achievement and problem-solving skills. Another study result is that the effect of metacognitive training on mathematics achievement and problem-solving is higher in primary school students than in secondary school students. This meta-analysis will reach a general conclusion with the data obtained from previous studies and will guide researchers studying metacognition in mathematics education in determining the subject
Experiences of parents of individuals with intellectual disabilities after the 2023 Kahramanmaraş earthquakes in Türkiye: a phenomenological study
No full textIndividuals with intellectual disabilities and their parents, who encounter many barriers in daily life, may experience even more serious problems when faced with a devastating disaster such as an earthquake. For effective earthquake preparation, it is important to identify these problems before the earthquake. However, studies examining the earthquake experiences of individuals with intellectual disabilities and their parents are quite limited. In this context, the aim of the current study was to explore the experiences of parents of individuals with intellectual disabilities who were affected by the 2023 Kahramanmara & scedil; earthquakes in T & uuml;rkiye. This study used the phenomenological qualitative research design. In this study, there were 16 parents, who have children with intellectual disabilities and participated in face-to-face interviews. Interview data were analyzed thematically. Two overarching themes were found: (1) low level of earthquake preparedness, and (2) inaccessible needs. The findings revealed that the majority of parents of individuals with intellectual disabilities made few preparations for the earthquake, could not access many of their needs during and after the earthquake, and could not find a special unit for individuals with disabilities to explain their problems.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (T_UB_ITAK) Research and Support Programs Directorate [123K845]This study was supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (T_UB_ITAK) Research and Support Programs Directorate under the 1002-B Emergency Support Module with project number 123K845
Multilocus sequence typing of L. bulgaricus and S. thermophilus strains from Turkish traditional yoghurts and characterisation of their techno-functional roles
No full textIn this study, Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus bulgaricus strains from traditional Turkish yoghurts were isolated, identified by 16S rRNA sequencing and genotypically 14 S. thermophilus and 6 L. bulgaricus strains were obtained as distinct strains by MLST analysis. Lactic acid production levels of the L. bulgaricus strains were higher than S. thermophilus strains. HPLC analysis showed that EPS monosaccharide composition of the strains mainly consisted of glucose and galactose. In general, all strains were found to be susceptible for antibiotics, except some strains were resistance to gentamicin and kanamycin. Apart from two strains of S. thermophilus, all strains displayed strong auto-aggregation level greater than 95% at 24 h incubation. S. thermophilus strains showed higher cell surface hydrophobicity than L. bulgaricus strains. This study demonstrated the isolation, identification, genotypic discrimination and techno-functional features of wild type yoghurt starter cultures which can potentially find place in industrial applications.TUBITAK (Turkey) [116G024]AcknowledgementsThis study was financially supported by TUBITAK (Turkey) with the grand number 116G024. Hilal Dikmen was supported by TUBITAK
İlhanlılar Zamanında Tıp ve Eczacılık Bilimlerine Genel Bir Bakış
No full textMoğol istilasından sonra yeni bir değişim ve dönüşüm dönemine giren Ön Asya coğrafyası ilmi alanlarda farklı bir gelişim çağına girmiştir. Bu bölgede on üçüncü yüzyılın başında savaşın, katliamların ve göçün yıkıcı etkisini yaşayan bilimsel durum, Moğolların Ön Asya’ya hâkim olması ve ardından bir Moğol şube devleti olan İlhanlı devletinin tesis edilmesi ile yeniden canlanmaya başlamıştır. Süreç içerisinde tıp ve eczacılık ilminde değişimin nasıl cereyan ettiği çalışmamızın konusunu teşkil etmektedir. Bu bağlamda süreç boyunca Moğol yönetimlerinin tıp ve eczacılık ilmine oldukça ilgili oldukları bilinmektedir. Özellikle İlhanlılar zamanında Hâce Nasîrüddîn Tûsî ve onun yardımcıları arasında bulunan tabipler, Vezir Sa‘dü’d-Devle, Vezir Reşîduddîn Fazlullah ve dönem içerisinde yetişen diğer âlimler İlhanlı tahakkümünde tıp ve eczacılığın gelişmesine sebep olmuşlardır. Yine bu dönemde açıdan veya yeniden faal hale getirilen hastaneler, tıp ilminin İlhanlı yöneticileri nezdinde değer ve ilgi gördüğünü kanıtlamaktadır. Bu dönemde tıp ve eczacılık eğitimi veren kurumların tesis edildiği bilinmektedir. İlhanlı ülkesinde bu alanda araştırmaların yapıldığı, İlhanlı coğrafyasının dışında yer alan Hint ve Çin diyarlarına tıp ve eczacılık incelemeleri için elçilerin gönderildiği dönemin kaynak eserlerine yansımaktadır. Çalışmamızda bu bilgiler dikkate alınarak İlhanlılar zamanında tıp ve eczacılık ilminin genel durumu, dönemin tıp âlimleri, bu alanda yazılan eserleri, İlhanlı ülkesinin tıp eğitim merkezlerini ve hastanelerini aktarmayı amaçlamaktayız
A Meta-Analysis of Self-Management Interventions in Teaching Daily Living Skills to Autistic Individuals
No full textThe current study aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of self-management interventions for teaching daily living skills to autistic individuals. This study accessed the corresponding studies by doing a search in six databases. 14 articles and one dissertation met the inclusion criteria. The included studies were first analyzed descriptively and coded according to quality indicators using What Works Clearinghouse (WWC) standards. Second, the effect sizes of the included studies were calculated using two different effect size measures (i.e., Tau-U and performance-criteria-based effect size values [PCES]). Third, these analyses were also conducted for generalization and maintenance data. Of 15 studies included in this review, nine met the WWC standards with and without reservations. Tau-U analyses were conducted for 14 studies, whereas PCES values were calculated for only eight studies with mastery criteria. The findings indicated that the self-management interventions had a .93 CI95 (.80, 1) overall effect size for Tau-U with a very large effect. On the other hand, the overall effect size for the PCES values indicated a moderate effect with .99. The weighted effect sizes in generalization and maintenance phases were very large for Tau-U; however, moderate to high effects for PCES. Although self-management interventions showed diversity, one of the domains of daily living skills (i.e., community living skills) has not been studied in the field. Notably, among the studies in our review, the last ones are from 2019. Detailed findings from descriptive analyses and two different effect size calculations are discussed, and recommendations for future studies are given.Erzincan Binali Yildirim UniversityNo Statement Availabl
Determination of phenolic content and bioactive characterization of Anatolian propolis
No full textIn this study, propolis referred to as of Turkiye Anatolian propolis was utilized. This work was aim to prepare a 70% ethanolic extract of propolis and subsequently determine certain biochemical parameters, total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), phenolic and flavonoid composition, inhibitory effects on certain enzymes [acetylcholinesterase (AChE), urease, and alpha-amylase], along with assessments of antiviral activity against Vero cells, lung cancer cells (A549), and breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231). The richness of phenolic content in Anatolian propolis clearly indicates a high inhibitory effect on these enzymes. Additionally, it was observed to exert significant effects on cancer cells and demonstrated effective antiviral activity. It can be contemplated that the Anatolian propolis might serve as a potential source for novel drugs, and the isolation of its compounds could offer opportunities for utilization in traditional medicine.Bayburt UniversityNo Statement Availabl
A Dual-Band Terahertz Metamaterial Absorber Using an All-Metal Aluminum Hexagonal Metasurface Structure for Sensing of Cancerous Cells
No full textThis article proposes a dual-band terahertz metamaterial absorber (TMA) where all components of the designed structure are made of aluminum (optical) material. Unlike the metal-dielectric-metal structures typically found in the literature, the proposed structure has a lightweight material that does not contain a sandwich structure. Thus, the structure greatly simplifies the production process and reduces the cost. The results of electromagnetic and equivalent circuit simulations are compared based on the S11 parameters (in dB), resulting in good agreement of findings by CST and ADS, respectively. The proposed TMA operates in dual frequency bands at 1.902 THz (f1) and 1.976 THz (f2), with strong absorption of 98.17% and 99.05%, respectively. The quality factors (Q-factors) corresponding to these resonant frequencies are 240.15, (f1) and 181.61, (f2). When the refractive index (RI) of the medium surrounding the TMA varies, the absorption peaks shift accordingly. The detection properties of the proposed TMA are examined as the RI of the surrounding medium is varied primarily between 1.34 and 1.39 with an increase of 0.01 for biomedical applications. The corresponding sensitivities of two resonance peaks are 0.794 THz/RIU and 0.971 THz/RIU, respectively. Since many samples, such as human blood, basal/breast/cervical cells, and cancerous cells, are found in this RI range, the proposed TMA sensor can be used as a viable biosensor in the identification of biological samples for real-world applications
Lightweight ASIP Design for Lattice-Based Post-quantum Cryptography Algorithms
No full textLattice-based cryptography (LBC) algorithms are considered suitable candidates for post-quantum cryptography (PQC), as they dominate the standardization process put forward by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). Indeed, three of the four key encapsulation mechanism (KEM) algorithms in the third round of the process are based on computationally hard lattice problems. On the other hand, there is an urgent need for processor designs that can run PQC algorithms efficiently, especially for embedded systems. This study presents an application-specific instruction set processor (ASIP) design for the Kyber, Saber, and NewHope algorithms based on transport triggered architecture (TTA). Custom hardware accelerators are added to the baseline processor architecture for computation-intensive steps without applying any software optimization to the reference code. We compared FPGA and ASIC implementations of our design with the prominent RISC-V cores and instruction set extension studies in the literature. According to the results, the proposed design offers greater efficiency, better performance, and lower resource utilization than its competitors in most cases.Bayburt UniversityWe thank the TCE team for supporting this work and their efforts to improve the toolset
Effects of the demineralisation degree on physicochemical, functional, microstructural and powder flow properties of whey powder
No full textThis study aimed to investigate the effects of the demineralisation process on powder flow, physicochemical, functional, and microstructural properties of whey powders (WP). WP samples were produced from 50, 70 and 90% demineralised sweet whey concentrates. Although the salt, ash, and lactic acid content of the powders decreased with increasing demineralisation, pH increased. D [3,2] (surface area mean diameter) value of WP samples ranged from 28.2 to 60.9 mm, in which demineralisation increased the particle size. The colour values showed increased darkness and yellowness, attributed to the higher demineralisation process. Demineralisation improved solubility and foaming characteristics, whereas it decreased the wettability and dispersibility of samples. The caking and cohesion characteristics of WP were significantly decreased by demineralisation. Demineralisation significantly improved the powder flow characteristics of samples. The cohesion index decreased depending on the demineralisation degree increased. Also, demineralisation decreased the cake strength and compaction coefficient of samples. Mineral content decreased with increasing demineralisation, with some minerals showing more sensitivity to demineralisation than others. Scanning Electron Microscope images showed reduced caking and clustering in samples with higher degrees of demineralisation. The results highlighted the importance of demineralisation as an effective parameter to control the properties of WP. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that the degree of demineralisation had a substantial impact on the physical and functional properties of WP. (c) 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies
TÜRK DİL KURUMU OKUL SÖZLÜĞÜ’NÜN BİÇİM VE İÇERİK STANDARTLARINA UYGUNLUĞU AÇISINDAN İNCELENMESİ
No full textBu araştırma, Türk Dil Kurumu tarafından hazırlanan Okullar İçin Türkçe Sözlük’ün biçim ve içerik özellikleri açısından hedef kitleye uygunluğunu ortaya koymayı amaçlamıştır. Bulgular, nitel araştırma veri toplama tekniklerinden doküman incelemesiyle toplanmıştır. Biçim ve içerik özellikleri alan yazın taranarak belirlenmiş, elde edilen bulgular betimsel analize tabi tutulmuştur. Sözlüğün biçim özellikleri açısından incelenmesi gereken yönleri alan yazın taramasındaki ölçütlerden hareketle ağırlık, ebat, sırt, kapak, birleştirme yöntemi, kâğıt, yazı tipi ve puntosu olarak belirlenmiştir. Sözlüğün içerik özellikleri ise kullanılmakta olan Türkçe ders kitaplarının söz varlığı etkinliklerindeki kelimelerden ve 5, 6, 7 ve 8. sınıf seviyesi hedef kelime listelerindeki kelimeleri inceleme nesnesinin bu kelimeleri karşılama durumuna göre saptanmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda elde edilen bulgulardan hareketle sözlüğün biçimsel standartlarının yalnızca yazı puntosu açısından uygunluk taşımadığı, diğer ölçütlerinse uygun olduğu saptanmıştır. İçerik özellikleri açısından sözlük, sınıf seviyelerine göre hedef kelime listelerindeki kelimeleri %87-%96 oranda karşılayabilmiştir