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Determinants of Ecological Footprint: A Quantile Regression Approach
No full textThrough the examination of the ecological consequences of human actions, policymakers are able to distinguish certain areas in which resource use can be increased and the generation of waste diminished. This study examines the effects of foreign direct investment, gross domestic product, industrialization, renewable energy consumption, and urban population on the ecological footprints in 131 countries between 1997 and 2020. The objective of this study is to establish a thorough understanding of the relationship between these variables and ecological footprints while considering temporal changes from economic and environmental aspects. The analysis of a substantial dataset encompassing many countries aims to uncover recurring patterns and trends that can provide valuable information for the formulation of policies and strategies pertaining to sustainable development on a global level. The study fills a significant gap in the knowledge on the ecological impact of different variables, providing a nuanced understanding of the interdependencies among these factors, thus guiding sustainable development strategies, and promoting global sustainability. The study utilizes quantile regression analysis, a nonparametric estimator, to estimate consistent coefficients. The statistical analysis reveals that FDI, urbanization, and GDP have statistically significant and positive effects on ecological footprints. Industrialization and renewable energy consumption show significant and negative relationships with ecological footprints. The findings of this study contribute to the understanding of the relationships among these variables and provide insight to inform policy and decision-making efforts focused on reducing ecological consequences and advancing sustainable development goals
Quality and stability of frying oils and fried foods in ultrasound and microwave-assisted frying processes and hybrid technologies
No full textFrying is a popular cooking method that produces delicious and crispy foods but can also lead to oil degradation and the formation of health-detrimental compounds in the dishes. Chemical reactions such as oxidation, hydrolysis, and polymerization contribute to these changes. In this context, emerging technologies like ultrasound-assisted frying (USF) and microwave (MW)-assisted frying show promise in enhancing the quality and stability of frying oils and fried foods. This review examines the impact of these innovative technologies, delving into the principles of these processes, their influence on the chemical composition of oils, and their implications for the overall quality of fried food products with a focus on reducing oil degradation and enhancing the nutritional and sensory properties of the fried food. Additionally, the article initially addresses the various reactions occurring in oils during the frying process and their influencing factors. The advantages and challenges of USF and MW-assisted frying are also highlighted in comparison to traditional frying methods, demonstrating how these innovative techniques have the potential to improve the quality and stability of oils and fried foods.Axencia Galega de InnovacionAxencia Galega de Innovacio
L Tipi Matris ve Fine-Kinney Metodları Kullanılarak Erzurum Havalimanı’nın Çevresel Risk Değerlendirmesi
No full textDünya ekonomisinde önemli bir yeri olan havacılık sektörü diğer birçok sektör ile karşılaştırıldığında çok daha yüksek bir büyüme oranına sahiptir. Günümüzde küresel sera gazı emisyonlarının yaklaşık %2'sinin bu sektörden kaynaklandığı ve ilerleyen yıllarda bu emisyonların sektörün büyüme oranları ile paralel olarak artacağı düşünülerek gerekli tedbirlerin vakit kaybetmeden alınması yerinde olacaktır. Havalimanlarının inşaat faaliyetleri süresince ekosistem olumsuz olarak etkilenirken, havalimanı altyapılarının yüksek enerji ihtiyaçları, işletme aşamasında oluşan önemli miktarlardaki atık maddeler, havalimanı operasyonlarından kaynaklanan gürültü emisyonları vb. nedenler yerel halkın refahını önemli ölçüde etkileyebilmektedir. Havalimanlarında yürütülen uygulamaların çevreyi ve yerel halkı etkilediği göz önünde bulundurulduğunda, ekonomik gerekçeleri bahane etmeden havalimanlarının yönetimleri tarafından düzeltici önlemlerin uygulamaya alınması gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmada bahsi geçen çevresel problemler değerlendirilerek, Erzurum Havalimanı’nın işletilmesi sürecinde, risk değerlendirmesi yapılması ve çevresel etkilerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Çalışmada çevresel risk faktörleri belirlenerek, risklerin çevreye olası etkileri L tipi matris metodu ve Fine-Kinney metodu kullanılarak ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır. Bu doğrultuda havalimanı bünyesinde yer alan ofis, mutfak, marangozhane, depo, bakım onarım vb. birimlerde çevresel zararlara sebep olabileceği düşünülen çevresel risk etmenleri değerlendirilmiştir. Havalimanında yapılan değerlendirmeler sonucunda L tipi matris metoduyla 11 adet orta, 243 adet katlanılabilir ve 39 adet önemsiz düzey risk tespit edilmişken, Fine-Kinney metoduyla 7 adet yüksek, 31 adet önemli, 136 olası ve 119 adet önemsiz düzey çevresel risk tespit edilmiştir. Alınacak önlemlerin, havalimanının muhtemel çevresel etkilerini büyük ölçüde düşüreceğini göstermektedir
Investigation of Hot Press and Cold Press Effects on Structural, Electrical and Magnetic Properties of Pyrene Added Bulk MgB2
No full textIn this paper, the effects of hot pressing and cold pressing on the superconducting properties of pyrene (C16H10) added bulk MgB2 were compared. For this aim, the polycrystalline disk-shaped MgB2 samples with addition of 4 wt % C16H10 powder were fabricated by a pellet/closed tube method at 850 degrees C, after hot pressing at 200 degrees C and cold pressing. The XRD and SEM results showed that although a-lattice parameters reduce for both C16H10 added samples, the average crystallite size increases after cold pressing because of the accumulation and inhomogeneous distribution of C in the MgB2 structure while it reduces for the C16H10 added hot pressed sample. The resistivity measurements showed that the increment of electron scattering is higher for the C16H10 added cold pressed sample than that of the C16H10 added hot pressed one which shows relatively better grain connectivity, and the Tc values of the samples are not appreciably affected by the pressing conditions. From the magnetisation measurements the in-field J(c) values at 10 K and 5.5 T were obtained as 8.41 x 10(3) A/cm(2), 1.62 x 10(4) A/cm(2), 6.90 x 10(3) A/cm(2) and the Hirr values while J(c) = 100 A/cm(2) at 20 K were obtained as 5.99 T, 6.55 T and 6.19 T for the pure sample and the C16H10 added hot and cold pressed samples, respectively. The higher J(c )and H-irr values obtained for the C16H10 added hot pressed sample is because of the homogenous C substitution into MgB2 grains, as compatible with its lower Delta rho value, and thus increased flux pinning ability.Scientific Research Coordination Found of Bayburt University [2015/2-03]This study was supported by the Scientific Research Coordination Found of Bayburt University, with Project No: 2015/2-03. Sample production was carried out at Low Temperature Physics Laboratory in Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkiye
Salivary apelin hormone response and dysfunctional attitudes in adolescents in Türkiye: a relational screening model
No full textBackgroundAdolescence is the period in which physical and emotional changes occur through hormones, the individual acquires gender characteristics and prepares for the adult role psychologically and physically. Dysfunctional attitudes are beliefs and attitudes that can lead to depression by causing negative thoughts about oneself, others, and the future.Dysfunctional attitudes negatively affect children's mental health. Hormones have a significant impact on human behavior and cognitive functions. However, little is known about the role and influence of hormones on dysfunctional attitudes. Apelin is a hormone responsible for controlling emotions by regulating emotional behavior. The level of dysfunctional attitudes is one of the important issues in nursing practice in terms of protecting and improving children's mental health. However, little is known about the role and impact of hormones on dysfunctional attitudes.This study aimed to examine adolescents' dysfunctional attitudes and salivary apelin hormone levels in terms of sociodemographic variables.MethodsThe study was conducted in a relational screening model with 151 adolescents aged 9-14 years who were reported to be clinically healthy in Turkiye. Apelin hormone levels were analyzed by ELISA technique in the saliva samples of the participants. In the evaluation of dysfunctional attitudes, the relationship between the score obtained from the dysfunctional attitude scale and salivary hormone levels was evaluated.ResultsIn the study, a negative, strong and statistically significant correlation was found between the average salivary apelin hormone level and dysfunctional attitudes of adolescents (p =.000). Mean salivary hormone levels of apelin in adolescent girls and boys were 0.696 (SD 0.052) ng/ml, respectively; while 0.671 (SD 0.047) ng/ml was determined (p =.002), dysfunctional attitudes scale scores were 52.95 (SD 14.43); it was determined as 59.04 (SD 14.22) (p =.006). On the other hand, the highest average salivary apelin hormone level (p =.038). and the lowest level of dysfunctional attitudes were determined in adolescent girls aged 13-14 years (p =.028).ConclusionsIn our study, we found that while the salivary apelin hormone levels of adolescents decreased, their dysfunctional attitudes increased. We found that adolescents' dysfunctional attitudes decreased with age. In contrast, apelin hormone levels increased with age. Our study revealed the relationship between the hormone apelin and dysfunctional attitudes in adolescents.The level of dysfunctional attitudes that play a role in the development of depression is lower in female adolescents than in male adolescents.Apelin level recommended to be used in the treatment of depression is higher in female adolescents than male adolescents.Apelin levels increase with age in adolescents, and dysfunctional attitude levels decrease
Effect of oxidation on radiation shielding capacity of ZrNbTaMoW Refractory High Entropy Alloys (RHEA) for nuclear reactor applications: Experimental and theoretical assessment
No full textThis study presents the production and comprehensive assessment of a Refractory High Entropy Alloy (RHEA) with a ZrNbTaMoW composition for possible usage nuclear reactor applications. The alloy was synthesized using the mechanical alloying (MA) method, and its radiation properties were examined. Elemental powders of Zr, Nb, Ta, Mo, and W were utilized in equimolar quantities during the 120-hour MA process, conducted under a highpurity Ar atmosphere to prevent oxidation. The obtained HEA was then subjected to a mechano-thermal process to transform it into Refractory High-Entropy Oxide (RHEO) for comparing their radiation-shielding performance under oxide conditions. The characterization of the produced alloys through X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and electron dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The photon shielding parameters of the alloys were experimentally obtained for various energies emitted from a 133Ba radioactive source, employing a Canberra UltraLEGe semiconductor detector. Furthermore, theoretical calculations were performed to validate the experimental data and to evaluate the alloys' photon shielding capabilities comprehensively. For this purpose, Phy-X/PSD software was employed to determine mass attenuation coefficients, half-value layer, effective atomic number, and effective electron density. Fast neutron absorption capabilities were determined through the calculation of average absorption cross-sections in the 2-12 MeV energy range. The results showed that the oxidation process significantly diminished the photon absorption capacity of RHEA
Exergetic Analyses of Detonation Engine Cogeneration Plants
No full textEfficiency improvements are very important in all research and technology. Detonation engines are high technology devices. In the last decades they attracted attention by many researchers. However, detonation engines for cogeneration are not researched efficiently. This article is about the detonation engines cogeneration cycles which analysed by using 1. and 2. law of thermodynamics and exergy analyses methods by the authors. The exergetic performance analyses, their advantage and disadvantages of the ZND-HRSG detonation engine cogeneration cycles were obtained. The exergetic performance analyses were done for various excess air rates to obtain the variations of the combustion exit pressures and temperatures, exergy efficiencies, electric heat rates, SFC and other parameters of their performance. Also, an optimization analysis was done for the ZND-HRSG by searching the optimum values for different excess air rates. The results showed that, the ZND-HRSG cycle have the optimum values of the performance at 1.6-1.8 of the excess air rates. © IJCESEN
Determination of earthquake performance of Kı·razlıyalı Çenesuyu Bridge without and with seismic isolation depending on soil type
No full textLisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, İnşaat Mühendisliği Ana Bilim Dalı, İnşaat Mühendisliği Bilim DalıKöprülerin deprem performansı, sismik olaylar sırasında ulaşım altyapısının güvenliğini ve dayanıklılığını sağlamak için çok önemlidir. Köprülerde sismik izolasyon kullanımı, deprem sırasında meydana gelen sismik enerjinin etkin bir şekilde absorbe edilmesini sağlar. Böylece köprü üzerindeki yer hareketinin etkisi en aza indirilir ve potansiyel hasar riski azaltılır. Bu yenilikçi yaklaşım sadece köprülerin yapısal bütünlüğünü korumakla kalmaz, aynı zamanda ulaşım ağının genel sismik dayanıklılığına da katkıda bulunur. Bu sayede depremler sonucunda oluşabilecek ekonomik kayıplar en aza indirilir. Bu tez çalışmasında Kirazlıyalı Çenesuyu Köprüsü'nün deprem performansının belirlenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Bu kapsamda, gerçek deprem kayıtları kullanılarak iki farklı zemin türü için köprünün sismik izolasyonsuz ve sismik izolasyonlu modelleri üzerinde SAP2000 programı ile zaman tanım alanında doğrusal olmayan analizler yapılmıştır. Analizler sonucunda köprünün taban kesme kuvvetleri, kazıklardaki yatay ve düşey yer değiştirmeler, köprünün dinamik karakteristikleri, kolonlarda meydana gelen kesme kuvveti ve eğilme momenti değerleri elde edilmiştir.The earthquake performance of bridges is crucial for ensuring the safety and resilience of transportation infrastructure during seismic events. The use of seismic isolation in bridges allows for effective absorption of seismic energy during earthquakes. Thus, it minimizes the effects of ground motion on the bridge and reduces the potential risk of damage. This innovative approach not only preserves the structural integrity of bridges but also contributes to the overall seismic resilience of the transportation network, thereby minimizing economic losses resulting from earthquakes. This thesis aims to determine the earthquake performance of the Kirazlıyalı Çenesuyu Bridge. Within this scope, nonlinear analyses in the time history were conducted using the SAP2000 software on both seismic isolated and non-isolated models of the bridge for two different soil types, utilizing real earthquake records. As a result of the analyses, the base shear forces of the bridge, horizontal and vertical displacements in the piles, dynamic characteristics of the bridge, and shear force and bending moment values in the columns were obtained
Derrida’da Dekonstrüksiyonun İzinde: Egemenlik ve Demokrasi
No full textDerrida’da Batı metafiziğinin logosantrik tekleştirmesine ve hakikat temellendirmesine dair en köklü eleştiri egemenlik ve demokrasi kavramlarında karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Derrida, egemenliğin tamlığına, bölünmezliğine, metafizik şiddetine bakmamız gerektiğini ve vardığımız yerde demokrasi ile bir çıkmaza girildiğini, bu çıkmazın da otoimmüniteye karşılık geldiğini belirtmektedir. Egemenlik ve demokrasiye dair yaşanan kırılma Derrida’nın haydut devletler olarak nitelendirdiği devletlerin ortaya çıkışına neden olmaktadır. Bu noktada dekonstrüksiyon, Derrida’nın kavramlar ile hesaplaşması bağlamında önemli bir eşik ve çok temel bir göstergedir. Çalışmanın amacı, Derrida’da egemenlik ve demokrasi kavramlarının dekonstrüksiyona uğratılmasını incelemektir. Bunu yaparken de Schmitt ile teoloji-politik karşılaşmalar ortaya konularak kavramlar arasındaki otoimmün kırılmalar açığa çıkarılacaktır
Multi-method examination of contact mechanics in orthotropic layers under gravity
No full textAnalyzing the behavior of intelligent unconventional materials under diverse contact scenarios, in comparison to conventional materials, is a critical step in the initial design of engineering systems. This paper presents the development of analytical and numerical approaches for analyzing contact mechanics in a system comprising an orthotropic layer resting on a rigid foundation. Parametric analyses include the consideration of cylindrical and flat punch profiles. Analytical formulation utilizes integral transform methods to convert planar elasticity equations into a Cauchy-type singular integral equation of the second kind. A detailed description of the solution technique for the integral equation is provided, encompassing both the analytical formulation and the required discretization for obtaining the solution. Subsequently, a finite element approach (FEA) is employed to approximate contact bodies using a collection of finite elements, while contact boundaries are approximated by utilizing a set of polygons. Alternatively, the problem is addressed using the Multilayer Perceptron approach, a form of artificial neural network frequently applied in diverse machine learning applications, including scenarios involving contact problems. Finally, the resolution to the problem is achieved by employing the multilayer perceptron (MLP) method. The study yields determinations of contact stresses under the punch, the critical separation load resulting in the detachment of the orthotropic layer from the rigid foundation, and the corresponding separation distance. This analysis considers a range of dimensionless parameters and explored the behavior of diverse orthotropic materials. Comparisons between the results of the analytical method and computations from FEA and MLP reveal the exceptional accuracy attained by all three approaches. As the pioneer study employing three distinct approaches to examine continuous contact mechanics within an orthotropic layer under the influence of gravity, this research constitutes a valuable point of reference for upcoming scholars in the field. © 2024 Elsevier Lt