Economic Affairs - Official Publication of AESRA
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Impact of Climate Resilient Practices under NICRA Project in Ri Bhoi District of Meghalaya
Get PDFThe present study was conducted to identify the technological and socio-economic impact of the climate resilient technologies demonstrated at National Innovation for Climate Resilient Agriculture (NICRA) Kyrdem village at Ri Bhoi district of Meghalaya. To assess the impact, the ex-post-facto research design, where before and after comparisons on different aspects of NICRA project were done. The statistical tools like chi square and Cramer’s V were applied for analysis of the collected information for jalkund and vermicompost to draw the meaningful and logical conclusions. Findings reveal that the average cultivable land area and productive parameters for crops and livestocks of NICRA farmers after the project interventions was significantly higher than that of before the implementation of the interventions all through in kharif and rabi seasons. Findings of cropping intensity, annual savings, expenditure pattern and crop yield were significantly higher in comparison to before implementation of the intervention. Findings of the study exhibited an encouraging impact of the demonstrated technologies in various spheres of farmer’s life of NICRA village
Impact of Monetary Policy on Bank Credit since Reforms Period
Get PDFDoes Bank Rate, Cash Reserve Ratio (CRR) and Statutory Liquidity Ratio (SLR) affect the bank credit? This question always comes in the mind of researchers, economist, academicians, and policymakers and to get the answer to it, many research activities and projects are carried out by them. This study is also on the same line. The study intends to examine the impact of monetary policy on bank credit since reforms period. The study uses multiple regression models to test the selected banking variables by using the time series data collected from RBI. The study found that there is an inverse relationship between CRR and bank credit, SLR and bank credit but there is no association between bank rate by RBI and bank credit by the scheduled commercial banks in India since reforms period
Can Farm Sustainability Translate into Efficiency as Well? A Technical Efficiency Analysis of Relay Cropping System in Saurashtra, Gujarat
Get PDFExploiting the potential of current technologies is more critical to increase farm production than that of waiting for a new technological breakthrough. In reality, higher efficiency can often translate into higher productivity which further may lead to sustainability at the farm levels. Taking this into consideration, the present study was conducted in Saurashtara region of Gujarat state during 2016-17 to determine technical efficiency levels of randomly selected farmers practicing groundnut-pigeonpea relay cropping vis-à-vis other cropping systems. The analysis was conducted using stochastic frontier production function (SFPF) approach. The findings revealed that the mean technical efficiency of relay cropping farmers (89 %) was higher than that of sole pigeonpea farmers (87.18 %) and sole groundnut farmers (74.52 %). The maximum likelihood estimates (MLE) revealed positively significant effect of human labour (1.103) and machine power (0.109) and fertilizer (0.276) on farm output among relay cropping farmers. In fact, the variance ratios viz. σ2 (0.027), γ (0.838) and λ (2.263) were found to be significant indicating that the variations in the farm output were more due to the existence of technical inefficiency levels. In addition, the average frontier yield to be bridged was only 0.89 qtl/ha under relay cropping which was much lesser than the other two cropping systems. Among the factors influencing the technical efficiency of relay cropping farmers, experience (0.37); education (0.10); institutional support (0.12) and imput market access (0.08) were found to be both positive and significant
Financial Feasibility of Fig Cultivation (Ficus carica Linn.) in North-Eastern Karnataka, India
Get PDFThe paper presents the costs and returns, economic and financial feasibility of fig cultivation in North Eastern region of Karnataka, India. Data collected from 60 fig cultivators by adopting multistage sampling design were analyzed using tabular analysis, economic and financial feasibility measures like Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), Benifit Cost (BC) ratio and Pay Back Period (PBP). The results revealed that, per acre total establishment cost was ` 1,23,626.73 of which, ` 55,607.30 (44.98%) were variable cost and ` 68,019.40 (55.02%) were fixed cost. Further, the analysis of investment in fig orchard suggests that, the investment made in fig cultivation in the study area was economically viable with BCR greater than unity (3.01), positive NPV (` 749986.40) and IIR higher than prevailing rate of interest (12.00%). The payback period (3.44 years), was also desirable considering the total economic life of fig orchard. There is higher initial investment in fig orchards, therefore there is a need to provide financial assistance through enhanced scale of finance to the fig cultivators by institutional agencies to enhance the income of the farmers
Issues and Challenges of the Weekly Market Street Vendors in Telangana: A Special Reference to Hyderabad
Get PDFIn developing countries, the informal sector is playing a dominating role in providing employment and income security in rural as well as urban areas. In India, Informal sector is playing a significant role because 93 per cent of employment workforce is from informal sector and only 7 per cent of employment of workforce is from formal sector or organised sector. The Hawkers and street vendors, one of the important part of the urban informal sectors, accounted for two third of the city’s employment in India. The street vendors are not recognised and regulated by state, and therefore, they do not get any support from government to operate their activity. They face several problems like harassment and pressure by police department, municipality authorities, local leaders and market contractors or rent seekers. In this circumstance, the objectives of the study is to investigate the issues and challenges of weekly market street vendors in Hyderabad. The study is based on secondary as well as primary data. The primary data have been collected from three weekly markets in Hyderabad
Are Crops Still Profitable in Cauvery River Basin of Karnataka?
Get PDFThe study attempts to estimate the profitability of crops cultivated in Cauvery river basin of Karnataka. The study uses primary data pertaining to Mandya district, which is the major beneficiary of the Krishna Raja Sagara (KRS) Project of Cauvery basin for irrigation purpose. For this study, 120 farm households were selected through appropriate sampling procedure. The data thus collected were processed using statistical tools including descriptive analytical tools, Cobb-Douglas Production Function and Garrett ranking method. The results revealed that, in the study area, sugarcane was the most profitable crop with a mean net returns of ` 1,47,288 per ha and a benefit-cost ratio of 2.02. The corresponding figures for paddy were ` 31,342 per ha and 1.52, while for ragi, they were ` 3,159 per ha and 1.12. Over the last decade, maize, banana, sesamum and coconut have gained importance as indicated by their significant positive high compound annual growth rates in cropped area, which is a desirable change replacing the age-old monotonous sugarcane-paddy cropping system. Labour scarcity and high wage rate were the serious problems faced by the sample respondents in crop production. Amongst the irrigation related problems, untimely and inadequate release of water from the dam for irrigation purposes and sedimentation in canals and tanks were the most serious ones, which needs the attention of the policy makers on priority basis, in order to have a sustainable crop production system in the region
Disparities in Infrastructural Development of Nagaland: A Case Study of Kohima and Longleng District
Get PDFA sound infrastructural facility is the key to the overall socio-economic development of a state. Infrastructure facilities are the wheels of development without which the economy cannot function properly. This paper studies the level of physical and social infrastructural disparities in Kohima and Longleng districts using seven indicators such as education, health, banking, postal service, water supply, surface road cover and electricity. The data’s were than analyzed using Principal Components Analysis. The results shows that disparities in infrastructure facilities between rural and urban areas is high. The finding shows that 87.5 per cent of the urban areas are developed and moderately developed whereas, only 12.5 per cent of the rural areas are in developed and moderately developed. The paper concludes by suggesting that suitable policies for developing the backward areas
Knowledge and Adoption levels of Respondents about Transplanting Method of Pigeon Pea Cultivation Practices in Kalaburagi District of Karnataka
Get PDFThe study was conducted to know the knowledge and Adoption level of transplanting method of pigeon pea cultivation practices in Kalaburagi district of North Eastern Karnataka, during the year 2014-15. The total sample of 120 was derived from three each taluks of a district using random sampling method. The study revealed that the maximum (47.50%) respondents had medium level of overall knowledge about transplanting method of pigeon pea cultivation. Whereas nursery management practices majority (100.00%) of the respondents had high level of knowledge regarding BSMR-736 Variety. With respect to main field management practices, majority of the farmers had high level knowledge regarding transplanting time June (81.67%). The overall adoption level of respondents about transplanting method of pigeon pea cultivation had medium level of adoption (45.00%). Whereas nursery management practices majority (70.83%) of the respondents had fully adopted BSMR-736 Variety. With respect to main field management practices, majority of the farmers had fully adopted five tonne/acre FYM application (61.66%)
Dynamics of Goat Milk Production in Different Agro-Climatic Regions of Rajasthan
Get PDFThe present investigation was conducted to make critical examination of change, variation and growth of milk production of goat in various agro-climactic zones during period of study (1998-2012). Goat milk production in Rajasthan increased to 1656 thousand tonnes (current year) from 726.33 thousand tonnes (base year) showed 127.99 per cent change with a variation of 31.87 per cent during the study period (1998-2012). The production of goat milk increased with 6.43 per cent per annum of growth rate significantly with a magnitude of 67.79 thousand tonnes per year. The maximum growth and magnitude of goat milk production increased significantly in Arid Western Plain (8.97 per cent) and growth rate of goat milk production was found highly significant in Arid Western Plains
Role of Agricultural Infrastructure and Climate Change on Agricultural Efficiency in Uttar Pradesh: A Panel Data Analysis
Get PDFThe present research paper has examined the process of agricultural infrastructure, climate change and agricultural efficiency in Uttar Pradesh at district as well as regional level from 2004-05 to 2015-16. Agricultural Infrastructure Indices (AII) have been estimated through Principal Component Analysis (PCA) by taking eight variables related to agricultural infrastructure to identify the disparities within the district as well as regional level. Agricultural Efficiency Index (AEI) has also been estimated to identify the trends of agricultural efficiency and panel data regression analysis was employed to analyze the determinants of agricultural efficiency index at disaggregate level of Uttar Pradesh. The values of agricultural infrastructure index (AII) confirmed that rural infrastructure has been enhanced in all the districts and regions from 2004-05 to 2015-16 with some fluctuations. Moreover, the results of agricultural efficiency revealed that the pattern of efficiency at district and regional level has undergone a significant shift towards a higher level during the study period. However, this shift was not uniformly distributed across the districts/regions. The regional level result of UP indicated that WUP recorded highest AEI and AII followed by CUP, EUP and Bundelkhand respectively. The results of Random Effect Model confirmed that agriculture infrastructure index (AII); gross sown area per tractor, percentage of loan for agriculture and rainfall variability have been found the significant determinants of agriculture efficiency, while per hectare fertilizer, maximum temperature and minimum temperature have established insignificant relationship with agricultural efficiency. This paper suggests policy support in terms of enhanced agriculture infrastructure, mitigation of vulnerable climatic factors, appropriate use of agriculture inputs and suitable technology to achieve higher degree of agricultural efficiency and also generate higher income for farmers. Furthermore, the use of technological inventions by public--private participation in the cultivation methods of various crops needs to be encouraged for achieving agriculture efficiency at disaggregate level