Golestan University of Medical Sciences
Golestan University of Medical Sciences RepositoryNot a member yet
3346 research outputs found
Sort by
A case report of atrichia with papular lesions
No full textAtrichia with papular lesions (APL) is a rare autosomal recessive disease caused by a genetic mutation in the human hairless gene's zinc finger domain. It suddenly appears in the first months after birth and causes irreversible hair loss and keratin cysts on the head, face, and other body parts. Our patient is a 31-year-old female of a consanguineous marriage living in a deprived and remote city of Iran. She suffered from total hair loss and papules spreading all over the body. The patient showed no signs of other physical or mental health issues; she also had healthy physical growth and standard eyesight and hearing. Bone and teeth development were developed, and sweat glands were also robust. APL was diagnosed based on the clinical findings (total hair loss, emergence of papules, morbidity over the body from early childhood, and hypopigmented suture-like lines on the scalp), standard laboratory tests rejecting other differential diagnoses, and lack of response to all available treatments. © 2021, Iranian Society of Dermatology. All rights reserved
The effect of pelvic floor muscle fatigue on stress urinary incontinence: A systematic review
No full textIntroduction: Due to the lack of systematic studies which can add new information on the relationship between pelvic floor muscle fatigue and stress urinary incontinence, this systematic study was performed with aim to investigate the effect of pelvic floor muscle fatigue on stress urinary incontinence. The results of this study will be useful for planning strategies for the prevention and treatment of evidence-based stress urinary incontinence. Methods: In this systematic review study which was performed based on the PRIZMA statement, the observational and clinical trial studies published in PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, PEDro, LILACS, SciELO, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar databases. CINAHL, SID and Iran Doc published until 2020 were evaluated. Good quality articles (scoring= 70) based on the Downs and Black scale were included in this study. Results: In the initial search, 2301 articles were found and in the later stages, 2296 articles were deleted and 5 articles were included in this systematic review. The results of one study did not show an association between muscle fatigue and stress urinary incontinence, and three articles showed a strong association between muscle fatigue and stress urinary incontinence. One article also showed that pelvic floor muscle fatigue cannot cause stress urinary incontinence. Conclusion: Pelvic floor muscle fatigue can affect the progression or worsening of stress urinary incontinence; however, due to the lack of number of studies and the heterogeneity of studies in this field, conclusions should be used with caution. © 2021, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved
Utility of Urine N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase for Prediction of Renal Damage in Obese Children
No full textThe incidence of obesity has increased globally in children and adults. In addition, renal dysfunction is an important complication of childhood obesity. This study was performed to identify the diagnostic value of N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG), a renal injury marker, for the early determination of renal damage in childhood obesity. Totally, 115 obese children and 115 healthy normal weight controls were enrolled in a cross-sectional case�control study. Urine NAG was measured in sample urine and normalized by urine creatinine (CR). In addition, correlation of urine NAG with other variables such as blood pressure (BP), blood glucose, and urine albumin was evaluated. Mean systolic BP (P <0.001), serum glucose (P = 0.047), urine albumin/Cr (P = 0.049), and urine NAG/Cr (P = 0.037) were significantly higher in obese children, compared with normal healthy controls. There was no correlation between urine NAG and urine albumin excretion. Urinary NAG/Cr was a simple and safe screening test for early determination of renal damage in children with obesity. © 2021 Saudi Center for Organ Transplantation
Computational Discovery of SARS-CoV-2 NSP 16 Drug Candidates Based on Pharmacophore Modeling and Molecular Dynamics Simulation
No full textNon-Structural Protein 16 (NSP-16) is one of the most suitable targets for discovery of drugs for corona viruses including SARS-CoV-2. In this study, drug discovery of SARS-CoV-2 nsp-16 has been accomplished by pharmacophore-based virtual screening among some analogs (FDA approved drugs) and marine natural plants (MNP). The comparison of the binding energies and the inhibition constants was determined using molecular docking method. Three compounds including two FDA approved (Ibrutinib, Idelalisib) and one MNP (Kumusine) were selected for further investigation using the molecular dynamics simulations. The results indicated that Ibrutinib and Idelalisib are oral medications while Kumusine, with proper hydrophilic and solubility properties, is an appropriate candidate for nsp-16 inhibitor and can be effective to control COVID-19 disease. © 2022 World Scientific Publishing Company
Potentilla reptans L. postconditioning protects reperfusion injury via the RISK/SAFE pathways in an isolated rat heart
No full textBackground: Our previous study indicated that Potentilla reptans root has a preconditioning effect by its antioxidant and anti-apoptotic effects in an isolated rat heart ischemia/reperfusion (IR) model. In the present study, we investigated the post-conditioning cardio-protective effects of Potentilla reptans and its active substances. Methods: The ethyl acetate fraction of P. reptans root (Et) was subjected to an IR model under 30 min of ischemia and 100 min of reperfusion. To investigate the postconditioning effect, Et was perfused for 15 min at the early phase of reperfusion. RISK/SAFE pathway inhibitors, 5HD and L-NAME, were applied individually 10 min before the ischemia, either alone or in combination with Et during the early reperfusion phase. The hemodynamic factors and ventricular arrhythmia were calculated during the reperfusion. Oxidative stress, apoptosis markers, GSK-3β and SGK1 proteins were assessed at the end of experiments. Results: Et postconditioning (Etpost) significantly reduced the infarct size, arrhythmia score, ventricular fibrillation incidence, and enhanced the hemodynamic parameters by decreasing the MDA level and increasing expression of Nrf2, SOD and CAT activities. Meanwhile, Etpost increased the BCl-2/BAX ratio and decreased Caspase-3 expression. The cardioprotective effect of Etpost was abrogated by L-NAME, Wortmannin (a PI3K/Akt inhibitor), and AG490 (a JAK/STAT3 inhibitor). Finally, Etpost reduced the expression of GSK-3β and SGK1 proteins pertaining to the IR group. Conclusion: P. reptans reveals the post-conditioning effects via the Nrf2 pathway, NO release, and the RISK/SAFE pathway. Also, Etpost decreased apoptotic indexes by inhibiting GSK-3β and SGK1 expressions. Hence, our data suggest that Etpost can be a suitable natural candidate to protect cardiomyocytes during reperfusion injury. © 2021, The Author(s)
Effect of camel milk in comparison with cow milk on blood glucose and lipid profile in patients with type 2 diabetes: A randomized clinical trial
No full textContext: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a common metabolic disorder. In traditional medicine, camel milk has been used in the treatment of some of diseases such as diabetes. The studies on effect of camel milk on glycemic control are limited and contradictory. Aims: The effect of camel milk on blood glucose and lipids in T2DM patients and compare it with the control group. Setting and Design: This case-controlled clinical trial study was performed in the endocrinology clinic in Iran. Materials and Methods: 50 patients with T2DM were allocated into two groups. 25 participants in the intervention group consumed 500 ml camel milk and 25 participants in the control group consumed 500 ml cow milk daily for 8 weeks. Weight, fasting blood sugar (FBS), total cholesterol (TC), and triglyceride (TG) were measured at the baseline and end of intervention. Statistical Analysis Used: Data were analyzed using SPSS v.16, independent t-test and analysis of covariance. Results: Mean of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and TG concentration was significantly decreased in the camel milk group at the end of the study (P < 0.05). There was an increase in HbA1c in the cow's milk group, while the TG was not changed in this group. No significant differences were shown in weight, FBS, and TC at the end of the study in comparison with baseline values in any of the two groups. Conclusion: Camel milk can improve glycemic control according to HbA1c index. It might contribute to decreasing TG level in patients with T2DM. © 2021 Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Sciences
Comparison of toxin-antitoxin expression among drug-susceptible and drug-resistant clinical isolates of mycobacterium tuberculosis
No full textIntroduction: Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), the causative agent of tuberculosis (TB), is a significant global public health threat. Besides extensive multidrug resistance, MTB possesses several properties for long-term viability in the host as well as stress adaptation and resistance in harsh conditions. The role of toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems in disseminating and maintaining antimicrobial resistance in bacterial populations has also been demonstrated. This study aimed to evaluate differences in expression of MazEF (a well-known TA system) related genes (mazE3, mazF3, mazE6, and mazF6) amongst drug-susceptible and resistant MTB isolates in Iran. Material and methods: A total of 20 confirmed clinical isolates of MTB including 10 drug-susceptible and 10 drug-resistant (nine MDR, and one XDR) species were included in this study. M. tuberculosis H37Rv was used as the standard strain. RNA extraction, cDNA synthesis, and relative quantitative real-time PCR were performed according to the standard procedures. Results: Our analysis indicated significant enhanced expression of the mazE6 antitoxin gene in drug-susceptible isolates compared to drug-resistant isolates and the standard strain. The expression of the mazF6 toxin gene was also increased in drug-susceptible isolates compared with the standard strain. In drug-resistant isolates, the expression levels of mazF3 and mazF6 genes were significantly higher than that in the susceptible isolates and the standard strain. Conclusions: In this study, there was significant overexpression of mazE6 in drug-susceptible isolates. As well, mazF3 and F6 were overexpressed in drug-resistant isolates when compared with the standard strain. The changes in expression levels of MazEF6 associated genes were greater than that of MazEF3 in both groups of isolates. © 2021 PTChP
Ovarian vein and IVC thrombosis due to normal vaginal delivery; a case report and literature review
No full textIntroduction and importance: Ovarian vein thrombosis (OVT) is exceedingly rare, which commonly occurs in postpartum patients and can result in serious complication such as pulmonary emboli. With a presentation often mimicking that of acute abdomen, it can be often misdiagnosed and mistreated. Case presentation: A 30-year-old woman referred with right lower quadrant abdominal pain, nausea and anorexia, one week after normal vaginal delivery. Physical examination demonstrated tenderness and rebound tenderness at the right side of the abdomen, with a stable vital sign except 38 °C fever. She had no history of coagulation problems or thrombotic disorders. Patient was admitted on a suspicion of appendicitis and was prescribed antibiotics followed by pelvic and abdominal ultrasonography that indicated an 8 to 10-centimeter hypoechoic tubular structure on the right side, next to the IVC. CT scan with contrast showed clear dilatation and thrombosis of the right ovarian vein with spread to the IVC. Anticoagulant treatment was started with 1000 intravenous units of heparin per hour, along with aPTT control, with a disappearance of the symptoms after 72 h. Conclusion: Suspicion of OVT should be high in cases where patients refer with abdominal pain after childbirth, this diagnosis should be taken into account. In the absence of proper and timely diagnosis, it may lead to serious complications or mortality of the mother. CT scan with contrast and at least 3- months anticoagulant therapy (in case of thrombosis spreading to the IVC, this period should be extended) is recommended in diagnosing and treatment of OVT. © 2021 The Author(s
Tp53 targeted deep sequencing of cell-free dna in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma using low-quality serum: Concordance with tumor mutation
No full textCirculating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) is emerging as a potential tumor biomarker. CfDNAbased biomarkers may be applicable in tumors without an available non-invasive screening method among at-risk populations. Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and residents of the Asian cancer belt are examples of those malignancies and populations. Previous epidemiological studies using cfDNA have pointed to the need for high volumes of good quality plasma (i.e., >1 mL plasma with 0 or 1 cycles of freeze-thaw) rather than archival serum, which is often the main available source of cfDNA in retrospective studies. Here, we have investigated the concordance of TP53 mutations in tumor tissue and cfDNA extracted from archival serum left-over from 42 cases and 39 matched controls (age, gender, residence) in a high-risk area of Northern Iran (Golestan). Deep sequencing of TP53 coding regions was complemented with a specialized variant caller (Needlestack). Overall, 23 to 31 of mutations were concordantly detected in tumor and serum cfDNA (based on two false discovery rate thresholds). Concordance was positively correlated with high cfDNA concentration, smoking history (p-value = 0.02) and mutations with a high potential of neoantigen formation (OR; 95CI = 1.9 (1.11�3.29)), suggesting that tumor DNA release in the bloodstream might reflect the effects of immune and inflammatory context on tumor cell turnover. We identified TP53 mutations in five controls, one of whom was subsequently diagnosed with ESCC. Overall, the results showed that cfDNA mutations can be reliably identified by deep sequencing of archival serum, with a rate of success comparable to plasma. Nonetheless, 70 non-identifiable mutations among cancer patients and 12 mutation detection in controls are the main challenges in applying cfDNA to detect tumor-related variants when blindly targeting whole coding regions of the TP53 gene in ESCC. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland
WDR81 Gene Silencing Can Reduce Exosome Levels in Human U87-MG Glioblastoma Cells
No full textGlioblastoma is a very invasive and prevalent brain tumor that affects 15 in 100,000 persons over the age of 70 years. Studies have shown that the expression of the WD repeat domain 81 (WDR81) gene, which is effective in vesicular transport and inhibition of autophagy, is increased in glioblastoma. The decreased autophagy was found to be related to the increased production of exosomes, which is a major factor in the pathogenesis of glioblastoma. The PI-3kinase complex is a pre-autophagic complex that is highly active in the absence of WDR81. The WDR81 gene, as a negative regulator of PI3K activity, prevents autophagy and increases exosome secretion by preventing the formation of the class III PI3K complex. Therefore, targeted reduction of exosomes can be considered an effective strategy for reducing the pathogenesis of glioblastoma. This study aimed to assess the effect of WDR81 gene silencing with siRNA on exosome levels in a U87-MG cell line. Culturing of U87-MG cells was carried out in Dulbecco�s modified Eagle medium (DMEM) containing 5 FBS and 1 penicillin/streptomycin. Thereafter, silencing of WDR81 was performed using WDR81 siRNA, whose gene expression level was determined via real-time qRT-PCR. Cell viability was evaluated using the MTT assay. The exosomes were extracted from a cell culture using the Exocib kit. The size accuracy of the exosomes was confirmed by dynamic light scattering (DLS). Finally, the protein content and RNA of the exosomes were assessed. WDR81 gene expression of siRNA-transfected cells was decreased to 82 after 24 h compared to the non-transfected control cells. The analysis of the exosomes showed that the concentration of exosomes and their RNA and protein content in the siRNA-transfected cells decreased significantly compared to the non-transfected control cells. No considerable difference was observed in cell viability after transfection with either WDR81-specific siRNAs or scrambled control siRNAs. Our findings showed that silencing the WDR81 gene could reduce the level of exosomes in human U87-MG glioblastoma cells. Therefore, the reduced exosome content may be suggested as a new gene therapy strategy for targeted therapy of glioblastoma by increasing autophagy via activation of PI3KIII. However, more studies are needed in this regard. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature