Golestan University of Medical Sciences
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Determining the relationship between emotional intelligence and interpersonal sensitivity with quality of work life in nurses
No full textBACKGROUND: Emotional intelligence and interpersonal sensitivity are known as important nursing skills. They have significant role in the promotion of nurses working life and the health care which they provide. The goal of this study was the determination of the relationship between emotional intelligence and interpersonal sensitivity with quality of work life in nurses working in governmental hospitals of Tehran city in 2019. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This investigation was a descriptive-analytical and correlation study which was conducted among 256 nurses working in five governmental hospitals in Tehran. The studied nurses were selected through in access sampling method. The instruments of research included demographic, emotional intelligence, interpersonal sensitivity, and work life quality questionnaires. The analysis of data was done by descriptive and deductive statistics (t-test and Pearson correlation coefficient) and also SPSS. RESULTS: The conditions of emotional intelligence, interpersonal sensitivity, and work life quality of nurses were, in turn, in average, severe, and weak levels. The correlation between emotional intelligence and work life quality of nurses was significant (P � 0.05) and they were positively correlated with each other (r = 0.311). The relationship between interpersonal sensitivity and work life quality of nurses was significant (P � 0.05) and they were negatively correlated with each other (r = -0.43). CONCLUSION: The development of emotional intelligence and sensitivity in reciprocally interpersonal relations of nurses lead to fundamental changes in nurses' attitude toward themselves, their colleagues, patients and their profession and can promote their work life quality. Therefore, these two skills are necessary for nurses and they should be taken into consideration by nursing schools, faculty members, instructors, and nursing managers. © 2021 Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications. All rights reserved
Anemia prevalence in women of reproductive age in low- and middle-income countries between 2000 and 2018
No full textAnemia is a globally widespread condition in women and is associated with reduced economic productivity and increased mortality worldwide. Here we map annual 2000�2018 geospatial estimates of anemia prevalence in women of reproductive age (15�49 years) across 82 low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), stratify anemia by severity and aggregate results to policy-relevant administrative and national levels. Additionally, we provide subnational disparity analyses to provide a comprehensive overview of anemia prevalence inequalities within these countries and predict progress toward the World Health Organization�s Global Nutrition Target (WHO GNT) to reduce anemia by half by 2030. Our results demonstrate widespread moderate improvements in overall anemia prevalence but identify only three LMICs with a high probability of achieving the WHO GNT by 2030 at a national scale, and no LMIC is expected to achieve the target in all their subnational administrative units. Our maps show where large within-country disparities occur, as well as areas likely to fall short of the WHO GNT, offering precision public health tools so that adequate resource allocation and subsequent interventions can be targeted to the most vulnerable populations. © 2021, The Author(s)
A rare case of donohue syndrome in a neonate: A case report
No full textBACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Donohue syndrome (DS) is an extremely rare and usually fatal inherited disease resulted from mutations in the INSR (Insulin Receptor) gene and delineated by severe insulin resistance with fasting hypoglycemia, postprandial hyperglycemia, and facial dysmorphism. Optimal treatment of these cases is unclear and most DS cases die during the first two years of life. Herein, we introduce a case of leprechaunism due to the rarity of this syndrome (one case in every four million birth) revealed by clinical and laboratory findings. CASE REPORT: We present a 4-day old boy with an abnormal facial appearance, low birth weight who was admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) due to poor feeding and jaundice. The patient had coarse facies, hypertrichosis, abdominal distention, genitomegaly, and acanthosis nigricans. Laboratory examinations revealed fasting hypoglycemia, postprandial hyperglycemia, and hyperinsulinemia. The diagnosis of Donohue Syndrome was characterized by the combination of dysmorphic features and biochemical results. Supportive care such as normalizing blood glucose and continuous feeding was initiated. He was discharged with good condition several days later but was admitted again at 6 months of age due to sepsis and then died. CONCLUSION: According to the present case report, close monitoring of blood glucose as well as caring to prevent infection and sepsis is recommended. © 2021, Babol University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved
Comment on �Stress Decreases Host Viral Resistance and Increases Covid Susceptibility in Embryonic Stem Cells�
No full textA case series of pediatric COVID-19 with complicated symptoms in Iran
No full textPeople in different age groups are susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection as a newly emerging virus. However, the clinical course, symptoms and disease outcome vary from case to case. Although COVID-19 is usually milder in children than adults, some studies reported nonspecific symptoms. Here, we report eight pediatric cases of COVID-19 admitted in the Taleghani Children Hospital in Gorgan city, north of Iran, with complicated symptoms. The current case series poses several challenges to the pediatricians regarding the pediatric cases of COVID-19. As most literature relating to adults are not always transferable to children, clinicians should be warned about such presentations among children with COVID-19. © 2021 Future Medicine Ltd
Preparation and characterization of a nanoliposomal vaccine of pclack candidate against cutaneous leishmaniasis
No full textBackground: Leishmaniasis is a public health problem and endemic in countries of the tropics and subtropics. An ongoing project with naked LACK (Leishmania homolog of receptors for activated C-kinase) demonstrated that this case of the gene is entirely susceptible to immune response and it does enter the cells effectively. This study aimed at developing a procedure to pre-pare a type of lipid nanoparticles overloaded with plasmid LACK (pcLACK) for usage as Leishmania major (L. major) nanoliposomal vaccine. Materials and Methods: The single-gene expression plasmid of pcLACK was encoded in the LACK antigen. Nanoparticles were set up by thin film procedure using cationic lipids 1, 2-Di-oleoyl-3-Trimethylammonium propane (DOTAP), 1, 2-Dioleoyl-snGlycero-3-Phosphoethano-lamine (DOPE), and cholesterol in a molar proportion of 2:1:1 molar ratio. Using dynamic light scattering, the particle diameters of empty and loaded lipoplexes were measured in triplicate. The zeta-potential (ζ) was measured with the same instrument using the zeta potential mode as the aver-age of 20 measurements by diluting the particles into a low salt buffer. Results: The results of the sustainability studies of Liposome-pcLACK formulation showed that there were no significant physical changes up to the 30th day of stability study at the storage condi-tion of 4°C. However, there were significant changes in the formulation content during storage at 25°C for 30 days (204.2±0.90 at Day 30 compared with 207.2±0.26 nm at Day 0). It was observed that the prepared nanoliposomal formulation had more stability under refrigeration. Conclusion: Immunostimulatory cationic lipids bearing a pcLACK encapsulation could serve as an effective delivery system. © 2021 Bentham Science Publishers
Assessment of the health risk and geo-accumulation of toxic metals in agricultural soil and wheat, northern Iran
No full textThe current work was conducted to study the concentrations of heavy metals (HMs) in farming soil and wheat and compute their geological and health indexes, including geo-accumulation index (Igeo), chronic daily intake (CDI), hazard index (HI), hazard quotient (HQ), and cancer risk (CR). In general, 256 samples were collected from agriculture soil (AS) and wheat in Kalaleh and Aq Qala areas, northern Iran. The average rates of Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn were detected to be 0.28, 25.24, 15.44, and 60.33 mg·kg�1, respectively, for AS and 0.01, 8.85, 0.73, and 33.81 mg·kg�1 for wheat, respectively. Based on the results, the HQ and HI levels for investigated HMs were lower than l. So, the health risk of HMs exposure for adults and children was low. CR levels for Pb in AS for both children and adults were observed greater than the threshold value. Accordingly, lead-contaminated soil will be carcinogenic if ingested by children. On the other hand, the exposure to Pb (through wheat) and Cd (through both soil and wheat) had the acceptable CR level for all groups. As a result, for an extended period, there are no significant health consequences for children and adults. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
The lower expression of circulating miR-210 and elevated serum levels of HIF-1α in ischemic stroke; Possible markers for diagnosis and disease prediction
No full textBackground: Stroke, either due to ischemia or hemorrhage, causes acute neurological damages to the brain. There is shortage of reliable biomarkers for ischemic stroke (IS), and we therefore investigated the serum concentrations of microRNA-210 (miR-210) and hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), as possible diagnostic and/or prognostic markers for IS. Methods: Serum samples were acquired from 52 IS patients and their healthy counterparts at five time points: upon admission, 24 and 48 h after admission, upon discharge and 3 months later. Serum levels of miR-210 and HIF-1α were respectively analyzed using real time RT-PCR and ELISA. Diagnostic and prognostic accuracy tests were performed to assess the value of suggested biomarkers. Results: IS patients demonstrated higher levels of serum HIF-1α and lower miR-210 in comparison to the healthy subjects. MiR-210 was suggested to be a weak diagnostic biomarker at the time of admission (AUC = 0.61; p = 0.05), while HIF-1α was an acceptable diagnostic marker for IS (AUC = 0.73; p < 0.0001). The higher expression of miR-210 and lower levels of HIF-1α were associated with better survivals in IS patients. Conclusions: Serum miR-210 is a weak diagnostic marker of IS. Serum HIF-1α is a better biomarker in diagnosing IS patients but further work in larger groups, including those with hemorrhagic stroke is necessary to confirm its diagnostic utility. Similarly, the prognostic potentiality of miR-210 and HIF-1α was acceptable but needs bigger sample size and longer follow-up to be statistically confirmed. © 2021 The Authors. Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis published by Wiley Periodicals LLC
Metformin for Cardiovascular Protection, Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Osteoporosis, Periodontitis, Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome, Neurodegeneration, Cancer, Inflammation and Senescence: What Is Next?
No full textDiabetes is accompanied by several complications. Higher prevalence of cancers, cardiovascular diseases, chronic kidney disease (CKD), obesity, osteoporosis, and neurodegenerative diseases has been reported among patients with diabetes. Metformin is the oldest oral antidiabetic drug and can improve coexisting complications of diabetes. Clinical trials and observational studies uncovered that metformin can remarkably prevent or alleviate cardiovascular diseases, obesity, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), osteoporosis, cancer, periodontitis, neuronal damage and neurodegenerative diseases, inflammation, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), tuberculosis, and COVID-19. In addition, metformin has been proposed as an antiaging agent. Numerous mechanisms were shown to be involved in the protective effects of metformin. Metformin activates the LKB1/AMPK pathway to interact with several intracellular signaling pathways and molecular mechanisms. The drug modifies the biologic function of NF-κB, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, SIRT1/PGC-1α, NLRP3, ERK, P38 MAPK, Wnt/β-catenin, Nrf2, JNK, and other major molecules in the intracellular signaling network. It also regulates the expression of noncoding RNAs. Thereby, metformin can regulate metabolism, growth, proliferation, inflammation, tumorigenesis, and senescence. Additionally, metformin modulates immune response, autophagy, mitophagy, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and apoptosis and exerts epigenetic effects. Furthermore, metformin protects against oxidative stress and genomic instability, preserves telomere length, and prevents stem cell exhaustion. In this review, the protective effects of metformin on each disease will be discussed using the results of recent meta-analyses, clinical trials, and observational studies. Thereafter, it will be meticulously explained how metformin reprograms intracellular signaling pathways and alters molecular and cellular interactions to modify the clinical presentations of several diseases. Â
Investigating the feasibility of removing the rapid mixing unit in conventional surface water treatment and its effect on turbidity removal
No full textCoagulation and flocculation processes play a major role in surface water treatment. The aim of this study was to eliminate the rapid mixing unit in the water treatment plant. This experimental study was conducted on turbid water. Turbid water was synthesized by kaolin powder. The conventional jar test method was used. The flocculation and sedimentation processes were performed on the turbid water without a rapid mixing unit for getting the new optimal condition. When the PACl coagulant was used alone and in conjunction with chitosan, the percentages of turbidity removal in low, medium and high turbidities were obtained as 86.7, 95.8, 97.8 and 86.67, 95.73, 98.26, respectively. When the rapid mixing unit was emitted, the efficiency of turbidity removal in the low turbidity was reduced from 5.26 to 21.73. But, in higher turbidity in two states (presence and absence of the rapid mixing units) it did not have a significant difference. This study showed that the removal of the rapid mix unit on the removal efficiency of turbidity in the low turbidity is effective, but does not have an effect on higher turbid water. Also, using PACl in conjunction with chitosan was effective in the removal efficiency and to reduce residual aluminum. © 2021 The Authors