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Effects of environmental temperature and relative humidity on the rehydration of dried pistachios
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Seed mucilage components in 11 Alyssum taxa (Brassicaceae) from Turkey and their taxonomical and ecologicalsignificance
No full textIn this work, mucilage characterization and their taxonomical and ecological significance in the seeds of 11 Alyssum taxa (A. dasycarpum var. dasycarpum, A. desertorum, A. filiforme, A. hirsutum var. hirsutum, A. linifolium var. linifolium, A. minutum, Alyssum murale var. murale, A. parviflorum, A. sibiricum, A. strictum and A. strigosum subsp. strigosum) were investigated. The mucilage producing cells were seen on the seed surface of the all studied taxa when hydrated in water. The seed mucilage was comprised of cellulose or pectin in the all examined taxa. There were differences in columella lines such as flattened, prominent or reduced forms. Besides, soil adhesion capacities of the seeds of the examined taxa ranged from 29 mg to 106 mg. The mucilage production in examined taxa can provide advantages in seed dispersion and colonization
The Effect of Biofertilizers On Cotton Development, Yield And Technological Properties
No full textThe aim of this study was to determine the effect of biofertilizer application on cotton yield, cotton growth and fiber technological properties. This study was carried out at faculty of agriculture, department of field crops, Siirt University, Turkey during 2017 cotton growing season. The experiment was conducted in randomized complete block design with four replications. Stoneville 468 cotton cultivar was used as plant material. In this experiment Coton Plus and Mega Flu have been used as biofertilizers to increase cotton yield and technological properties as opposed to the utilization of chemical fertilizer. Further, Cotton Plus is mixed microbial fertilizer which contains Bacillus subtilis, Paenibacillus azotofixans while Mega Flu contains three different genera of bacteria Bacillus megaterium, Pantoea agglomerans and Pseudomonas fluorences. The results of study indicated that there were significant differences between biofertilizers applications in terms of seed cotton yield, lint yield, ginning percentage, the number of monopodial branches, but there were non-significant differences observed in terms of lint quality characteristics except elongation. In addition, there were significant differences for cotton seed yield and lint yield. It can be concluded that the bio fertilizer can be used for increasing yield in cotton
Orkide ve Böcek İlişkileri
No full textOrkideler (Orchidaceae) dünyadaki çiçekli bitkiler arasında önemli bir yere sahip bitki türleridir. Orkideler diğer bitki türlerine kıyasla çok farklı döllenme mekanizmaları kullanırlar. Bu mekanizmlerden bazıları, floral mimikri ve yalancı çiftleşme (pseudocopulation), alarm feromonunu taklit etme, başka çiçeklere benzeyerek tozlayıcı böcekleri kandırma, insanların ter kokusunu taklit etme, koku toplayıcı böcekleri kullanma, kuluçka yeri taklit etme ve barınakları taklit etmedir. Görüldüğü gibi orkideler ile böcekler arasındaki tozlaşma ilişkileri farklı şekillerde gerçekleşmektedir. Bu çalışmada orkide türlerinin tozlaşma için kullandıkları yöntemler ve böcek ilişkileri incelenmiştir
IN VITRO SYMBIOTIC GERMINATION POTENTIALS OF SOME ANACAMPTIS, DACTYLORHIZA, ORCHIS AND OPHRYS TERRESTRIAL ORCHID SPECIES
No full textGermination and propagation of terrestrial orchids is highly challenging due to their small size seeds and absence of endosperms. Some orchid species are extremely dependent on fungi for germination of their seeds. Although germination occurs symbiotically between the seed and the fungus, it is not coincidental that fungus species are specific to orchid species. Aim of this study is to show the impact of the fungi, isolated from the tubers of ten naturally grown species of orchids, collected from mountainous area of Van province, Turkey, on in vitro symbiotic germination of the seeds. The collected orchids species were Dactylorhiza romana (Seb.) Soo subsp. georgica (Klınge) Soo ex Renz & Taub., Orchis pinetorum Boissier & Kotschy, Orchis spitzelii Saut. ex W.D.J. Koch, Orchis coriophora L., Orchis collina Banks & Solander, Orchis anatolica Boiss., Orchis simia Lamarck, Ophrys straussii H. Fleischmann & Bornmüller, Dactylorhiza umbrosa (Kar. & Kir.) Nevski, Anacamptis pyramidalis (L.) L. C. Rich. In the study from orchid tubers, Rhizoctonia sp., Aspergillus sp., Alternaria sp., Penicillium sp., Trichoderma sp. and Fusarium sp. fungi species are isolated. Firstly, orchid seeds and fungal isolates placed in oat culture medium were transferred to Van Waes & Debergh culture medium in subculture. The highest germination rates obtained in the seeds are 71.19% in Dactylorhiza romana subsp. georgica species with Rhizoctonia sp.; 78.26% in Orchis pinetorum species with Penicillium sp.; 27.77% in Orchis spitzelii species with Fusarium sp.; 83.07% in Orchis coriophora species with Rhizoctonia sp.; 75.00% in Orchis collina species with Fusarium sp.; 38.88% in Orchis anatolica species with Alternaria sp.; 73.91% in Orchis simia species with Fusarium sp.; 91.60% in Ophrys straussii species with Fusarium sp.; 93.75% in Dactylorhiza umbrosa species with Fusarium sp. and 56.00% in Anacamptis pyramidalis species with Rhizoctonia sp. At the end of the study, it was understood that the fungi isolated from their own or other tubers had different effects on the germination of each orchid species.Siirt University Coordinator of Scientific Research and Projects-2013-SİÜZİR-Z
Efficacy of Some Trichoderma Species Against White Rot of Garlic Caused by Sclerotium cepivorum
No full textWhite rot disease caused by Sclerotium cepivorum is a major yield reducing fungal disease of Allium sp. found throughout the world, including Europe, Asia, Africa, America, Australia, New Zealand and Turkey. Control measure for this disease is costly and contaminates the environment, harms non-target organisms. Moreover, the pathogen is soilborne and produces abundant sclerotia which can remain dormant for more than 15-20 years. Because of this, chemical control strategy is not quite effective against the disease. So there is a necessity of alternative methods in the struggle against plant diseases. Trichoderma is known as the most widely used antagonists in biological control. The effect of some Trichoderma species (Trichoderma harzianum, T. virens, T. croceum, T. neokoningii, T. viride, T. spirale, T. atroviride, T. tomentosum, T. gamsii, T. asperellum, T. inhamatum, T. strigosum) were studied both in vitro and in vivo conditions. Trichoderma species and Sclerotium cepivorum placed in PDA medium by duel culture techniques and incubated at 22 ± 240C. Results showed that the most effective isolates were T. harzianum LO52, T. virens KB31, T. gamsii VG47, T. strigosum LO43, T.tomentosum VG2, T. asperellum TZ17 and T. viride VG18, respectively. The experiment was conduct with selected Trichoderma isolates and S. cepivorum as a pot study in greenhouse. The design of the experiment was completely randomised. There were 9 treatments with four replicates. Results showed that almost all Trichoderma isolates caused in different rates reductions (21.42 to 64.28 %) in the incidence of garlic white rot disease
Synthesis of 2-substituted 8-propargyloxyquinoline derivatives and determination of their antioxidant, antibacterial and DNA binding activities
No full textOne-pot synthesis of novel quinoline- and quinolone-substituted 1,2,3-triazoles has been performed from the key intermediates, quinoline- and quinolone-substituted propargyl derivatives 1–3 (48%–88% yields). The antioxidant properties of the newly synthesized compounds, 1a–1c, 2a–2c, and 3a–3c, were evaluated by monitoring DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging abilities, metal chelating effects, and reducing power. The scavenging effects of compounds on the free radical decreased in the order of 3b > 3a > 1b and were found to be 36.3%, 34.9%, and 27.6% at the concentration of 500 g/mL, respectively. All of the compounds showed low chelating capacity. Furthermore, the antibacterial activity was studied against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and the DNA binding ability of the compounds was evaluated with calf thymus DNA using agarose gel electrophoresis
Bir usûlcü olarak cüveynî’nin hadisçiliği ve hadisçiliğine dâir tartışmalar -“muʻâz hadisi” özelinde-
No full textCüveynî, hadislere dâir birtakım teknik konularda bazı hatalı değerlendirmelerde bulunduğundan
olsa gerek, hadis bilmemekle ithâm edilmiştir. Onun, usûlcüler tarafından kıyâsın/ictihâdın dayanaklarından biri olarak zikredilen “Muʻâz hadisi”ne dâir “sahîh kitaplarda müdevvendir; sıhhati
üzerinde ittifâk edilmiştir” şeklindeki değerlendirmesi, şiddetli eleştirilere konu olmuştur. “Muʻâz
hadisi,” Cüveynî’nin de dâhil olduğu usûlcülerin büyük çoğunluğu tarafından kabûl görse de hadis
tekniği açısından problemli görülmüştür. Cüveynî, küçüklüğünden beri hadis faaliyetleriyle iç içe
olmuş ve ciddi bir hadis eğitimi almıştır. Yaptığı birtakım hatalı değerlendimelerinden hareketle,
onun “hadisleri” ve “hadis ilmi”ni bilmediğini öne sürmek, kanaatimizce gerçeği yansıtmamaktadır. Cüveynî’nin hadisçi yönü hakkında benimsenecek en isâbetli yaklaşım, onun “fıkıh,” “fıkıh
usûlü” ve “kelâm”la uğraştığı kadar hadisle uğraşmadığı, söz konusu alanların aksine hadis ilminde müstakil bir eser yazmadığı ve ünlü hadisçiler düzeyinde otorite sâhibi bir hadisçi olmadığıdır