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An evaluation for the standardization of the Alliumcepa test as cytotoxicity and genotoxicity assay
No full textA general report on the use of the Allium test as cytotoxicological and genotoxicological assay is proposed, with particular emphasis about the standardization of the test in several common applications. The intraspecific variation in Allium cepa has been overlooked, as in most investigations no mention is made about origin and denomination of the onion cultivar used. A standardization of the used material would allow a better generalization of the results, since we cannot be sure that all cultivars would give the same response. A more frequent use of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) investigation is proposed. Even if relatively time consuming and not available in all laboratories, it may help to better understand the mechanism of cytotoxicity, since many morphological characters may appear similar but be arisen from different processes observable only with TEM. About statistical testing, tests other than chi-squared may be used in case of a lower amount of data. The most commonly used statistical tests are the parametric tests ANOVA and Student’s t, and the nonparametric tests Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney U, for analysis of variance. Tests should be used also to assess the minimal sample dimension for obtaining significance, since data collection (microscope observation) appears to be one of the main bottle necks of the test. Also the use of the Allium test for testing liposomes and other nanovectors for drug delivery is proposed, in order to assess the cytotoxicity of these types of medium and the possible increase in cytotoxicity of the associated drug
Destek eğitim odasında görev alan sınıf öğretmenlerinin destek eğitim odası hakkındaki görüşleri
No full textBu araştırmanın amacı destek eğitim odasında görev almış sınıf öğretmenlerinin destek eğitim odası uygulaması hakkındaki görüşlerini belirlemektir
Temel/ Klinik TIBBİ LABORATUVAR Yönetim, Kavramlar, Prensipler, Teknikler, Pratik Deneyler
No full textIMPORTANCE OF SPATIAL SOIL VARIABILITY FOR LAND USE PLANNING OF A FARMLAND IN A SEMI-ARID REGION
No full textAssessing the spatial variability of soil properties is vital in proper planning of agricultural farmlands. The aim of this study is to determine and map the spatial variability of important physical and chemical soil properties using geoistatistical models for land use planning of a farm located in Thrace region of Turkey. Two hundred fifty-four surface and subsurface soil samples were collected from at approximately the corners of 150m x 150m size grids cells. The land area of study area was 557 ha and used for what and sunflower production. Soil samples were analyzed for particle size distribution, soil reaction (pH), electrical conductivity (EC), organic matter (OM), lime content (CaCO3), available phosphorus (P) and extractable potassium (K). Penetration resistance was also measured at each sampling point. Soil pH ranged from 4.46 to 8.20 in surface and 4.01 to 8.30 in subsurface soils. Sand content was the least variable (CV=11.5% and 13.9% for surface and subsurface) soil property, while the variability of P content (CV=105.9 and 119.8%) was higher than the rest of the soil properties. The lowest range value was obtained for P content (113 and 134 m) and the longest-range value was for available K content (5899 and 6099 m) of soils. Spatial distribution maps helped to identify and deliniate the zones need to be limed, deficient in available P and compacted zones within the study area. Sustainable management strategies in a farm can be planned and implemented using the information obtained from spatial structures and maps of major soil characterics
Effect of Dietary Supplementation with Different Levels of Creatine Monohydrate on Productive and Carcass Performance of Broiler chicks
No full textThe study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with different levels of Creatine Monohydrate on productive and carcass performance of broiler chickens. Day old Ross 308 broiler chicks, divided into three periods with 4 treatments for each 3 replicates based on completely randomized design for 42 days. Feed and water were provided as ad libitum. Chicks were divided into four treatments for 3 periods (1-42, 28-42 and 35-42) days, control was 30 birds and for each treatment 90 birds; each treatment for one period contained three replicates of 10 birds. Dietary Creatine Monohydrate was added to the diet from the first day to the end of experimental which lasted 42 days at levels of 0% (Control), for each period 0.05%(T1),0.075%(T2) and 0.1%(T3). The body weight was significantly (P<0.05) there was effect to crea ne Monohydrate supplementa on at period (1-42) on body weight also was effect to crea ne Monohydrate supplementa on at period (1- 42) on weight gain, it was not significantly (P<0.05), effect on breast meat yield at period (1-42). However, Creatine monohydrate had no significant effect on feed intake at the period (1-42, 28-42 and 35-42), there was no significant effect on feed conservation ratio, mortality and Thigh meat yield at periods (1-41, 28-42 and 35-42). Creatine monohydrate had no significant effect on (body weight, weight gain, and breast meat yield) at periods (28-42 and 35-42)
POLITICAL ECONOMY OF OIL PRODUCTION IN IRAQ DURING 2006-2016
No full textThe primary purpose of this study is to examine the political economy of oil production in Iraq during 2006-2016. While, the challenges to increasing oil production in Iraq broadly remain, so, Iraq has made incredible progress over the last decade, mostly amid challenging situations should note that while contests to since 2014. However, there are still difficulties to overcome, which should play a significant role to solve for the new government and leadership in Iraq and the KRI following the recent 2018 elections. The study found that Iraq’s oil production curve in recent years has remarkably specified the positions, even if not mainly at the levels estimated in earlier, more positive forecasts. Iraq has developed the world’s fourth-largest oil exporter. Moreover, the second major producer in OPEC organization, with production above 4.1 million bpd for the first time in 2015, of the amount produced in this period, almost 3.5 million b/d produced in southern Iraq under the central government in Baghdad. While challenges continue to achieving the aims of increased oil production and revolving gas from probable to production, there is considerable opportunity for Iraq’s resources to produce revenue and pay to broad-based economic development, if managed appropriately. As both Iraq and the KRI headed into an election year, impending new governments both in Iraq and at the helm of the KRG should seize this as an opportunity to target investment to specific projects that contribute to long-term economic development goals
Muscari botryoides (L.) Mill.: A New Record for the Family Asparagaceae from Turkey
No full textIn this study, Muscari botryoides (L.) Mill. (Asparagaceae) is recorded for the first time from the East Anatolia region (B9 Van) of Turkey. The description of Muscari botryoides is given and habitus photos of related species are presented. Geographical distribution is mapped, and IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature) threat categories at the regional scale of the populations are discussed
Ortaokul Öğrencilerinin Merkezi Sınavlara İlişkin Metaforik Algıları
No full textThis study aims to represent metaphoric perceptions of students related to central examination applied
in transition to secondary school institutions. Within the study, the phenomenology approach from
qualitative research techniques was used. To collect data, a semi-structured interview form developed
by researchers was used. Data were collected from four secondary schools, two of which are in
Artuklu and the other two of which are in Kızıltepe, Mardin, and from 200 students who will take
central examination during 2017-18 school year. In analysing data, the content analysis technique was
used. İn the analyses made according to the content analysis, close metaphors were classified
separately and thematized with suitable names to contain all metaphors included in the groups. At the
end of the study, eight themes were found. These themes are “Stressful and challenging process”,
“Milestone in life”, “Uncertainty”, “Victim”, “Hope” “The nature of life”, “Teog Exam (Transition
from primary to secondary education)” and “Astonishment”. Among these “Stressful and challenging
process”, “Milestone in life”, “Uncertainty”, “Victim”, “Teog Exam (Transition from primary to
secondary education)” and “Astonishment” reflect a negative perception. In these themes there are 158
negative metaphors. Only “Hope” and “The nature of life” represent a positive perception with 29
positive metaphors. As a result, it is observed that metaphoric perceptions of students related to the
central examination is in general negative, yet perception of few students is positive. This perception
can be seen in metaphors developed related to examinations such as LGS, SBS, Teog, etc. conducted
previously for that purpose
Übey b. Ka'b; ilmî şahsiyeti, kıraati ve tefsirdeki metodu
No full textİslam’dan önce, putlara tapınmaktan tatmin olmayarak Yahudilik ve Hristiyanlığı titizlikle inceleyen, Tevrat’ı ve İncil’i en az bir Yahudi ve Hristiyan âlimi kadar iyi bilen Übey, İslam’ın adının Hicaz’da duyulmaya başladığı ilk dönemlerde Medine’den Mekke’ye kadar gelerek Akabe’de Hz. Peygamber’e biat etmiş ve Müslüman olmuştur. Hz. Peygamber’e gelen vahyi yazarak, onun Medineliler içerisindeki ilk vahiy kâtibi olmuş, bunun yanında adli ve siyasi kâtiplik de yaparak Hz. Peygamber’in sır ortağı haline gelmiştir. O, Hz. Peygamberin sağlığında insanların problemleriyle yakından ilgilenmiş, fetva vermiş, Kur’an öğretmiş, zekât tahsildarlığı görevini başarıyla yürütmüş ve Hz. Peygamber’in bütün savaşlarında ve zor günlerinde hep yanında durmuştur. İlme ve öğrenmeye olan merakının da tesiriyle Kur’an’ı ezberlemiş ve kendisine özel bir Mushaf yazmıştır. Bu Mushaf’ında Kur’an ayetlerinin yanı sıra Hz. Peygamber’den duyduğu tefsir kabilinden açıklamalar da yer almış, bu notlar daha sonra Kur’an tefsiri için önemli bir kaynak haline gelmiştir. Bütün bu özellikleri onu Medine Tefsir Okulunun kurucusu haline getirmiş ve orada pek çok öğrenci yetiştirmiştir. Bu kitapta Übey’in Kur’an’a adanmış ömrünün bir özeti ve Kur’an ile geçen bir ömrün serüveni anlatılmıştır
İlköğretim matematik öğretmenliği bölümü öğrencilerinin yaz okuluna katılma nedenlerinin incelenmesi
No full textÇalışmanın amacı yaz okuluna katılan İlköğretim Matematik Öğretmenliği Bölümü öğrencilerinin yaz okuluna katılma nedenlerini incelemektir. Çalışma 2016-2017 öğretim yılının Yaz Döneminde, İlköğretim Matematik Öğretmenliği Bölümünde öğrenim gören ve yaz okuluna katılan 177 öğrenci ile yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada nicel araştırma yaklaşımı esas alınarak tarama modeli kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde yüzde (%) değerleri hesaplanmıştır. Çalışmada elde edilen bulgulara göre ilköğretim matematik öğretmenliği bölümünde öğrenim gören öğrenci sayısı 351 iken yaz okuluna katılan öğrenci sayısı 177’dir. Buna göre yaz okuluna katılma oranı %52’dir. Yani ilköğretim matematik öğretmenliğinde öğrenim gören öğrencilerin yüzde elli ikisi yaz okuluna katılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre, yaz okuluna katılan öğrencilerin %31’i hem kaldığı dersi almak hem de üst dönemlerden ders almak amacıyla yaz okuluna katılmışlardır. Bu kategoriyi %23 ile dönem uzatma nedeniyle yaz okuluna katılan öğrenciler takip etmektedir. Bunun dışında sınıf seviyeleri ve kategoriler ayrı ayrı incelenerek yorumlanmış ve tartışılmıştır. Ayrıca, çalışmadan elde edilen sonuçlar ilgili alan yazındaki mevcut araştırmalarla karşılaştırılarak tartışılmış ve konu ile ilgilenen araştırmacılara öneriler sunulmuştur