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The American Role in the Political Crises of the Arab World: Iraq as a Case Study (2011–2021)
No full textThis study aimed to analyze the American stance on the political crises occurring in the Arab world, using Iraq as a case study from 2011 to 2021. To achieve this, analytical, descriptive, and qualitative methods were employed, focusing on the collection, interpretation, and analysis of secondary data, which were deemed most appropriate for the nature and objectives of the study. The results indicated that US-Iraqi relations have significantly shifted according to American interests. The U.S. position often influenced the onset, escalation, or resolution of political crises. For example, the U.S. occupation of Iraq and the poor decisions made during that period contributed to the emergence of ISIS. Initially, the U.S. adopted a non-interventionist stance, claiming ISIS was a local Iraqi issue and not affecting U.S. interests. This approach allowed ISIS to gain control of several Iraqi provinces. However, when the U.S. intervened and supported Iraqi forces, ISIS was eventually defeated. The study also found that the selection of political leaders, such as the prime minister in Iraq, is heavily influenced by U.S. interests, loyalty, or the influence of candidates deemed beneficial to American strategies. The qualification or sectarian background of candidates, such as Nuri al-Maliki\u27s Shiite sectarianism and marginalization of Sunnis, was less relevant. During Maliki’s tenure, Iraq experienced deteriorating security, increased violence due to sectarian divisions, worsened services, widespread corruption, and suppression of protesters. Despite this, he was appointed Prime Minister for a second term, even though another candidate had won the election. The study recommends further research into the extent to which the U.S. upholds democratic and human rights ideals during its involvement in such crises. More studies are needed to explore the contribution of U.S. policies to the rise of terrorist organizations in specific countries, to clarify the facts and better understand U.S. strategies, beyond the methods employed to distort the truth
The Transformative Value of Antigone on the Arab Stage: Amplifying Voices of Resistance and Justice
No full textIn contexts marked by human rights abuses, state violence, and gender-based injustices, theatrical performances in the Arab world offer a vital platform for marginalized voices. By exploring the transformative power of modern adaptations of Sophocles’ Antigone, particularly in this unique context, this study reveals how these performances serve as poignant reflections of resistance, justice, and societal transformation. Antigone is renowned for its exploration of political themes and moral dilemmas and continues to resonate across cultures and epochs. Through an adaptation theory lens, this study examines various Arab adaptations of Antigone, demonstrating the global reach and influence of this classic work. Drawing on Linda Hutcheon’s theory of adaptation and Julia Kristeva’s concept of intertextuality, the paper delves into how these adaptations dialogue with the source material while incorporating new elements and cultural nuances. Hutcheon emphasizes the importance of viewing adaptations as creative reimagining rather than mere reproductions. This study demonstrates how adaptations of Antigone in the Arab world transcend being mere theatrical performances, serving as platforms for social commentary, cultural reflection, and collective memory. Through their creative reappropriation of Sophocles’ classic, these adaptations illuminate the enduring relevance of Antigone’s timeless themes and their resonance with contemporary struggles for justice and human rights
Artificial Intelligence in Decision-making: Literature Review
Get PDFIn the fast-changing world of artificial intelligence (AI), the relationship between technology and decision-making has become a central area of study. Over the past five years, numerous papers have been published examining how AI methods are applied to decision-making processes across various industries. This article aims to highlight the key potential of artificial intelligence to enhance decision-making. It does so by systematically reviewing the literature on the role of AI in improving decision-making, particularly studies published between 2020 and 2024. The review consolidates the main findings from articles in renowned databases such as Google Scholar, Scopus, and IEEE Xplore, offering a comprehensive understanding of AI\u27s impact on decision-making while identifying its advantages and the challenges that must be addressed for future adoption. The results show that AI can significantly improve the efficiency, accuracy, and flexibility of decision-making, particularly through machine learning, predictive analytics, and natural language processing. However, challenges such as ethical concerns, user trust, and the need for transparency in AI models remain significant barriersفي عالم الذكاء الاصطناعي سريع التغير، أصبحت العلاقة بين التكنولوجيا وصنع القرار مجالًا مركزيًا للدراسة. على مدى السنوات الخمس الماضية، نُشرت العديد من الأوراق البحثية التي تبحث في كيفية تطبيق أساليب الذكاء الاصطناعي في عمليات صنع القرار عبر مختلف الصناعات. هدف المقال تسليط الضوء على الإمكانات الرئيسة للذكاء الاصطناعي لتعزيز عملية صنع القرار. وذلك من خلال مراجعة منهجية للأدبيات التي نشرت للفترة 2020-2024 حول دور الذكاء الاصطناعي في تحسين عملية صنع القرار، وخاصة الدراسات المنشورة في قواعد البيانات الشهيرة مثل Google Scholar وScopus وIEEE Xplore، مما يوفر فهمًا شاملاً لتأثير الذكاء الاصطناعي على عملية صنع القرار مع تحديد مزاياه والتحديات التي يجب معالجتها للتبني في المستقبل. أظهرت النتائج أن الذكاء الاصطناعي يمكن أن يحسن بشكل كبير من كفاءة ودقة ومرونة عملية صنع القرار، وخاصة من خلال التعلم الآلي والتحليلات التنبؤية ومعالجة اللغة الطبيعية. ومع ذلك، تظل المخاوف الأخلاقية وثقة المستخدم والحاجة إلى الشفافية في نماذج الذكاء الاصطناعي تمثل تحديات كبير
The Role of Sustainable Supply Chain Management as a Solution to the Carbon Footprint Problem of the Global Logistics
Get PDFObjective: This study evaluates Sustainable Supply Chain Management (SSCM) practices both for their ability to decrease carbon emissions in global logistics operations and the associated challenges along with implementation opportunities between various geographical areas. Methodology: The researchers employed a mixed-methods investigation approach in this research. This research obtained quantitative information through questionnaires sent to 250 worldwide logistics companies in order to measure both SSCM utilization and emission changes. The research collected qualitative information through semi-structured interviews with 25 supply chain managers and sustainability officers to determine both the promoting and obstructive elements of SSCM practice implementation. Results/Findings: The analysis of quantitative data showed Europe held the highest SSCM index level at 85% followed by North America at 70% but Latin America and Africa had considerably lower indices. The analysis through regression showed that SSCM practices create a positive connection to minimizing carbon footprints (r = 0.62, p \u3c 0.001). Economic restrictions emerged as the leading barriers (15 mentions) while regulatory problems stood as the second major obstacle (10 mentions) according to the qualitative results. Green transportation together with warehouse energy efficiency operate as main pollution reduction practices yet financial constraints along with weak regulatory standards specifically in emerging regions hinder their deployment. Conclusion/Recommendation: The research supports governments to deliver enhanced policy backing coupled with funding programs for promoting SSCM practices. Organizations worldwide could benefit from sustainable supply chain practices because improved technological solutions would decrease implementation expenses. The implementation of improved regulations should be prioritized in developing regions since this will advance the widespread use of SSCM practices
Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access Empowered Physical Layer security systems: Review, issues and challenges
Get PDFAs 5G networks advance, the demand for higher data rates, enhanced spectral efficiency, and increased connectivity intensify. Non-orthogonal multiple Access (NOMA) addresses these needs by allowing multiple users to share the same time and frequency resources, thus optimizing network resource utilization and significantly boosting system capacity and throughput. NOMA\u27s influence extends beyond traditional communication scenarios, impacting various vertical industries that require extensive connectivity, such as the Internet of Things (IoT). This transformative approach is crucial for industrial and critical mission applications. Given the importance of safeguarding these communications from potential eavesdroppers, Physical Layer Security (PLS) emerges as a vital tool. PLS represents a paradigm shift in securing wireless communication systems, moving beyond conventional cryptographic methods to leverage the inherent properties of the communication channel itself. This paper emphasizes the advantages of PLS over traditional security techniques, including its capacity to counteract eavesdropping attacks, enhance resilience against cyber threats, and provide robust data protection at the fundamental physical layer. Through comparative analysis, the paper demonstrates that PLS offers superior performance compared to existing security methods. It highlights real-world applications and illustrates how PLS addresses contemporary security challenges, paving the way for a more secure and resilient wireless communication landscape
Parametric Non Linear Analysis of anchorage strength for tension Lap Splice in slabs
Get PDFThis research investigated the performance of reinforced concrete one-way slabs with various configurations of spliced bars using finite element analysis (FEA). The study evaluated the impact of several parameters on the anchorage strength in thirteen reinforced concrete slab models. The variables considered were lap splice length (10d, 15d, and 20d), clear concrete cover (d, 1.5d, 2d), and end bar shape (hook end, straight). The specimens were modelled and analyzed under a four-point bending load using ABAQUS. The study incorporated a refined method for modelling the interaction between concrete and rebar to enhance the reliability and accuracy of the results. The analysis provided results including cracking loads, ultimate loads, bond stress, steel stress in spliced bars, cracking patterns, failure modes, and bond-slip response. Finally, The proposed FEA modeling successfully predicted the potential response of the analyzed specimens. The impact of varying lap configurations was investigated, revealing that bond strength between concrete and rebar was significantly enhanced by increasing the lap splice length and incorporating hooked ends
Ach- straw Rice and Rubber Crumbs for Energy Saving and Heat Transfer Enhancement in Administrative Buildings
Get PDFThis paper provides a concise summary of the use of recycled Ach-Straw Rice (ASR) and rubber-crumbs in cement bricks, focusing on their impact on improving energy efficiency and heat transfer in both internal and external walls for Administrative Buildings. The study highlights key findings regarding the optimal ratios of rice straw ash and rubber crumbs based on experimental evidence, as well as their potential applications in energy-saving technologies. The environmental benefits of using these recycled materials are also discussed. To support the research, a building model was created using the Design-Builder software. A comparison was made between conventional cement bricks and bricks incorporating rice-straw ash and rubber-crumbs in the construction of the same building. The paper concludes by emphasizing the significance of using these recycled materials in brick wall construction to enhance sustainability and energy efficiency
Narcissistic Personality Indicators as Predictors of Narcissistic Personality Disorder: A cross-cultural study
Get PDFBackground: Individuals affected by narcissistic personality disorder (NPD) are characterized by lack of empathy, grandiosity, low self-esteem, and a need for attention and special treatment that leads to unstable interpersonal relationships, occupational problems, and significant psychosocial distress. Objectives: The study aims to evaluate which Narcissistic Personality (NP) dimensions are the strongest and most significant predictors of NPD. Methods: The present study followed a cross-cultural research design aimed at determining the strongest and most significant predictors of NPD, therefore the shortened version of the Narcissistic Personality Indicators (NPI) questionnaire (NPI-40) developed by Raskin and Terry (1988) was administered online to those individuals interested to explore their personality type, in particular Narcissistic Personality. Results: The total sample population of the present study consisted of 11243 subjects, of which 6425 were males (57.1%) and 4766 (42.4%) were females; 12 (0.1%) respondents did not declare their gender while 40 (0.4%) identified themselves as others. Out of the total sample population, 647 (5,75%) were found to be having NPD. Conclusions: The present study has confirmed the utility of the NPI dimensions in predicting narcissistic personality disorder and has identified Exhibitionism as the strongest and most significant predictor of the NPD. The current findings contribute to the literature by adding more evidence to the concept of narcissism as a multi-dimensional construct. Multiple narcissism measures should be employed in future research to gain a better knowledge of the NPI dimensions as predictors of the NPD
Trajectory Optimization for UAV-assisted Energy Harvesting for Internet-of-Things
Get PDFUnmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have gained significant attention for their versatile applications due to their low cost, high mobility, and on-demand deployment capabilities. UAV-assisted wireless communication is a promising technology for future systems; it offers connectivity without the need for terrestrial infrastructure. Similarly, the Internet of Things (IoT) has emerged as a revolutionary technology, connecting smart devices and enabling seamless data exchange. However, IoT networks face significant challenges in environments with weak or unstable infrastructure. This paper investigates UAV-aided energy harvesting (EH) and data collection in an IoT scenario, where a UAV bridges communication between an IOT device that acts as a ground user (GU) and a base station (BS). A Rician fading channel model is employed to represent realistic propagation environments. The study focuses on optimizing UAV trajectory and energy harvesting times to maximize the uplink sum rate under mobility and power constraints. The non-convex optimization problem was tackled using an efficient iterative approach, dividing the problem into two sub-problems; energy harvesting time optimization using the Newton-Raphson method and trajectory adjustment via successive convex optimization. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm in enhancing data rates by leveraging UAV mobility and trajectory design, achieving significant performance improvements
Using Orientation to Enhance the Effectiveness of Smart Skins to Increase the Energy Efficiency of Office Buildings in Egypt
Get PDF- Recently, Egypt has been facing a major energy crisis. Office buildings in Egypt consume large amounts of energy. Since most office spaces are centrally air-conditioned and rely mainly on artificial lighting, and because the building skins is one of the most important components of the building that affects energy consumption, the Research aims to benefit from one of the principles of environmental design, which is a simple principle such as (orientation of the building) to increase the effectiveness of The role of the smart skin in achieving energy efficiency for office buildings in Egypt. The effect of the smart skin of the building and its role in achieving energy efficiency was studied by clarifying the smart techniques integrated into the Skin, both generating and saving energy, and clarifying the integration between these techniques aimed at energy conservation and occupant comfort. Making an analytical study of a group of smart skins for Office buildings with different orientations, whether local or global buildings, and comparing them to clarify how good orientation contributes to raising the role of the smart skin in performing its function in improving the energy efficiency of the building. It also shed light on the most important smart techniques that generate and save energy that make up these skins Making an applied study in the city of Cairo by conducting a simulation experiment for an Office building with a smart skin using simulation tools (Design Builder V7) and conducting several orientations for the building On the longitudinal axis (east-west) at different angles and by comparing them, the research concluded that the appropriate alternative increases the effectiveness of the smart skin by achieving zero energy, and the research concluded With an important set of recommendations and results That leads to achieving zero-energy office buildings in Egypt