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Social Capital, Knowledge Sharing and Operational Performance in Supply Chain: A Buyer-Supplier Perspective
No full textThe vast majority of literature on social capital has focused on the impact of the different dimensions of social capital on the buying firms’ performance within the buyer-supplier context. A few studies investigated the relationship between the distinct dimensions of social capital (structural, cognitive, and relational capital) and how they influence the firm’s performance outcome. Drawing upon social capital theory, this paper develops a model that examines cognitive capital’s mediating role in the relationship between structural capital and relational capital. The model also considers knowledge sharing as the outcome of relational capital, and knowledge sharing mediates the relationship between the buying firm’s relational capital and operational performance. The empirical results suggest that cognitive capital mediates the relationship between structural capital and relational capital. Relational capital significantly impacts knowledge sharing, and knowledge sharing partially mediates the relationship between the firm’s relational capital and operational performance. This study is one of the few that examines the relationship among different social capital dimensions and identifies knowledge sharing as a critical pathway between the firm’s social capital and performance
State minimum wage and mental health in the United States: 2011-2019
Get PDFConsistent with a rise in “deaths of despair” (drug overdose, alcoholism, and suicide), the percentage of Amer- icans reporting major mental and emotional problems in all 30 of the last 30 days has been increasing. Based on the hypothesis that this rise in extreme levels of distress is driven partly by financial hardships, this study in- vestigates whether higher state minimum wages reduce the likelihood of extreme levels of distress among low- income, prime-age Americans with no postsecondary education. By matching state minimum wages with individual-level data from the 2011–2019 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, this study finds that a ten percent increase in the minimum wage is associated with a 0.4–0.5 percentage-point decline in the likelihood of extreme distress. The finding is consistent with the notion that growing extreme distress is attributable to despair driven by economic hardships and financial strai
Social Media Gains Importance after the COVID-19
Get PDFThis exploratory research examines how the COVID-19 pandemic led to increases in consumers’ social media marketing behaviors in the United States (U.S.). Previous research on the impact of a pandemic has focused on behavior for preventive health, however, little attention has been given to the impact of a pandemic on consumer behaviors. To bridge this gap, the Consumer Decision-Making Model was used as a framework to investigate changes in consumers’ social media behaviors as they perform various consumer decision-making processes. More specifically, a questionnaire was used to collect survey data from 327 U.S. consumers. Analysis of Variance tests were performed to examine mean differences in consumers’ use of social media as a consumer decision-making tool. The findings showed that consumers have increased their utilization of social media as a tool for identifying products, collecting information on products, evaluating products, and making product purchases. Thus, the findings demonstrate the growing importance of social media marketing since the COVID-19 pandemic began. Given that the COVID-19 pandemic is a global phenomenon, the findings likely can be extrapolated across many nations. Suggestions are provided to help businesses adapt to changes in consumers’ social media behaviors as they relate to the consumer decision-making processes
The Effect of Increased Recess Time on the Academic Achievement of Elementary Students
Get PDFArkansas lawmakers enacted Act 641 of 2019, which increased recess time during the school day from 30 minutes to 40 minutes per day. Recess is defined as unstructured free play for students outside when possible. Recess is an important part of the school day. Recess improves social skills, time on task, positive attitudes towards school and increasing physical activity. The purpose of this quantitative study was to determine if increasing recess time for third, fourth and fifth grade elementary students had an impact on ACT Aspire tests results. This study was a quantitative study using a series of independent t-tests. The researcher compared the third-, fourth-, and fifth-grade student achievement scores in the content areas of Math and Reading from the 2017-2018 school year to the 2018-2019 school year. Scores were examined pre-increase recess time and post-increase recess time. The results indicated a statistically significant difference in the post-increase recess time but not practically significant. Two very important findings from this study were Math scores experienced increases after the implementation of Act 614 of 2019 in Arkansas, those increases were not statistically significant and even the ones that were statistically significant were not practically significant. Reading scores saw increases after the implementation of Act 614 of 2019, but there were no statistically significant increases found during the data analysis
Spatiotemporal Assessment of Sickle Darter (Percina williamsi Page and Near, 2007) Distribution in the Upper Tennessee River Basin
No full textThe Sickle Darter Percina williamsi (Page and Near, 2007) is a species of fish endemic to the upper Tennessee River basin in eastern Tennessee, southwestern Virginia, and western North Carolina. Because of its narrow range and presumed decline in occupied sites over the last half century, it is being proposed for federal listing under the Endangered Species Act. We analyzed the current distribution of the Sickle Darter and temporal trends in its distribution in relation to temporal trends in environmental and habitat covariates for each of the historically occupied sub-basins (upper Clinch, Emory, upper French Broad, Little, Little Pigeon, Middle Fork Holston, North Fork Holston, Powell, South Fork Holston, and Watauga) with multiple linear regression modelling. A total of 154 Sickle Darters were observed at 15 sites throughout the upper Tennessee River Basin. Sickle Darters were observed in the Little River, Emory River, and Middle Fork Holston River sub-basins. A total of 133 unique historical occurrences were used for the spatiotemporal analyses. Sickle Darters have declined in 8 out of 10 historically occupied sub-basins. Our best model for the whole distribution scale (Mallow\u27s Cp = −0.87; Adjusted R2 =.92) suggests that habitat fragmentation due to damming has had adverse effects on Sickle Darter populations across its distribution. Models were very similar for the sub-basin specific models as well. The results from this study highlight the drivers of decline in Sickle Darter distribution and outline the future research needs for this species that should be used to inform future conservation decisions regarding this species
Beneath the canopy: Five impressions of the rain forest / Philip Parker
No full texthttps://orc.library.atu.edu/atu_vhs010/1003/thumbnail.jp
The Need for Cognition and Self-Regulated Learning in Online Environments
No full textFor students to be successful in online courses, they must be able to understand and control their learning. These abilities are known as self-regulated learning which consists of cognition, metacognition, and motivation. A student’s need for cognition refers to the tendency to purposefully engage in cognitive activities. Students with high need for cognition have been found to be more intrinsically motivated to learn and put forth more effort when faced with challenging tasks. Guided by Bandura’s social cognitive theory, this study sought to describe the relationship between self-regulated learning and the need for cognition among students enrolled in an online agriculture course. The findings indicated that students are effective at structuring their learning environments and setting academic goals. Furthermore, a moderate correlation was identified between self-regulated learning and the need for cognition. Suggestions are made to research strategies and provide guidance and support for students as they engage in more online courses
The Most Important Telemedicine Patient Satisfaction Dimension: Patient-Centered Care
No full textBackground: Telemedicine provider success requires patient satisfaction. The SERVQUAL model was used to identify the most salient telemedicine patient satisfaction dimensions.
Materials and Methods: The author surveyed 440 telemedicine patients using Likert items to examine satisfaction levels. Four performance dimensions of telemedicine service were identified and examined. Factor analysis was used to validate the telemedicine performance dimensions measured, and regression analysis was used to test the effects of the service performance dimensions on telemedicine patient satisfaction.
Results: The SERVQUAL model provided reliable measures of satisfaction dimensions. Four dimensions of satisfaction were identified, and patient-centered care was shown to be the most significant dimension. Patient perceptions of health benefits received from the telemedicine service were also found to impact patient satisfaction. The other two dimensions, monetary and non-monetary costs, did not have a significant effect on patient satisfaction.
Discussion: Patient satisfaction was effectively measured as a multidimensional construct by using the service-marketing SERVQUAL model. The value that patients place on provider “soft skills” (i.e., bedside manner) during provider–patient interactions was demonstrated. Therefore, health care providers could develop and embrace patient-centered communication, such as having an empathetic and caring attitude, showing responsiveness to the emotional needs of the patient, and providing assurance to the patient to improve telemedicine patient satisfaction.
Conclusions: The SERVQUAL model is useful to create a comprehensive, multidimensional construct for telemedicine patient satisfaction, which can lead to improved telemedicine patient satisfaction. The multidimensional approach highlights satisfaction dimensions where targeted improvements are most appropriate and, thus, can provide more focused practice guidance to providers
Persistence and Academic Performance of Medical Students in Online Learning Environment During the COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdown
Get PDFGovernment response to the COVID 19 pandemic in the spring of 2020 came as a wave of physical closures requiring sudden change in the method of instruction from face-to-face to a completely online. Assessment of students adaptation to this change during emergency lockdown is the focus of this study. We used a One-way ANOVA to compare pandemic and pre-pandemic Performance of First Year medical students at the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences in the brain and behavior module. Students’ test scores related to perception of persistence levels was studied using correlation analysis. In addition, a regression analysis was performed to examine prediction factors of medical student course grades during COVID-19. Students’ grades in the module during the COVID-19 were significantly higher compared to the grades in recent prior years at the p less than .001 level [F (3, 692) = 9.08]. Pearson product-moment correlation results showed a strong and positive correlation between students’ persistence level (M = 3.46, SD = .997, n = 79), and their module grade during COVID-19 (M = 258.777, SD = 14.6878, n = 79), r = .33, p = less than .01. The multiple linear regression analysis accounts for 14% of the variance in students’ module grades and the variance was statistically significant at p less than .05. As such, we conclude that students’ persistence to adjust to a new learning environment coupled with module directors and faculty successfully employing remote education methods, met the learning challenges during the pandemic and students maintained a high level of academic success
A Primer for Transitioning to Online Science Labs: “Identifying Potential Types of Guidance for Supporting Student Inquiry when Using Virtual and Remote Labs in Science”
No full textThis paper is in response to the manuscript entitled “Identifying potential types of guidance for supporting student inquiry when using virtual and remote labs in science: a literature review” (Zacharia et al., Identifying potential types of guidance for supporting student inquiry when using virtual and remote labs in science: A literature review. Educational Technology Research and Development, 63(2), 257–302, 2015) from a design perspective. The review article identified specific types of guidance to support all forms of inquiry in online labs within the computer supported inquiry learning (CoSIL) environments. During the sudden shift to digital educators and students faced challenges due to lack of preparation to cultivate skills for teaching and learning in the online format. Educators developing and delivering instructions require a range of tools to operationalize the inquiry process in online science labs. Application of the tools provided in this review will support educators venturing into designing online science labs for engaging learners in scientific inquiry. This review have immense impact on how instructors can provide guidance to support learners’ inquiry in online science labs. The limitations include further investigation and modification of several tools that the review provided for implementation in future. Further research is needed to design and facilitate model CoSIL environment for online science labs to support and sustain the process of inquiry learning. This review has significant implication in providing comprehensive information amidst traversing crisis in context to shifting to online labs for supporting inquiry phases as documented in the CoSIL research