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Rammebetingelser for ny industri i det grønne skiftet: Muligheter for Agder
Full text linkHvordan kan Agder ta en posisjon og ledende rolle i grønn næringsutvikling? For å utvikle konkurransekraft og verdiskapning i det grønne skiftet må aktørene stå samlet om felles initiativ og videreutvikle fylkeskommunen som koordinerende ledd; sikre kompetanseutvikling, eksogene vekstimpulser og samarbeid mellom ny og eksisterende industri; og ta strategiske langsiktige grep for å bedre den regionale energibalansen.publishedVersio
Diagnostic equipment and point-of-care tests in Norwegian emergency primary healthcare clinics: a cross-sectional study
Full text linkIntroduction
In recent years, the increasing availability of instruments and laboratory tests has significantly influenced the diagnostic work in primary healthcare. This study aimed to map the availability of diagnostic equipment and point-of-care tests (POCTs) in Norwegian emergency primary healthcare clinics and examine the demographic and organisational factors influencing their availability.
Methods
This cross-sectional study utilised the National Out-of-Hours Services Registry (NOOHR) survey across all Norwegian emergency primary healthcare clinics in early 2024. Clinic managers provided data on diagnostic equipment and POCTs. Clinics were categorised by population size, hospital proximity, co-location with general practitioner (GP) offices, and total equipment available.
Results
All 167 Norwegian emergency primary healthcare clinics responded. The median number of diagnostic equipment and POCTs was 17 (Interquartile range (IQR) 16–20). Clinics with the most equipment were often smaller, co-located with a GP office, and over 40 km from a hospital. Almost all clinics had a repertoire of CRP, urinary dipstick, haemoglobin, glucose, strep A test, SARS-CoV-2 rapid test, urinary HCG test, pulse oximeter, and ECG. Clinics far from hospitals more frequently had tests like D-dimer and troponin. Of the clinics with troponin tests, 69% had a low-sensitive POCT.
Conclusion
Norwegian emergency primary healthcare clinics are well equipped, especially if co-located with a GP office or far from a hospital. Further research is needed to enlighten how availability influences use and the possible impact on patient trajectories. Clinic leaders should pave the way for sustainable practices and high-value care when deciding their diagnostic equipment and POCTs repertoire.publishedVersio
Barriers and Facilitators for Implementing Music Interventions in Care Homes for People with Dementia and Depression: Process Evaluation Results of the Multinational Cluster-Randomized MIDDEL Trial.
Full text linkA process evaluation was embedded in the multinational Music Interventions for Dementia and Depression in ELderly care (MIDDEL) trial to better understand barriers and facilitators for implementing music-based interventions (MBIs). Stakeholders from 66 care home units across 5 countries completed a survey at baseline (n = 229) and after a six-month intervention period (n = 101), comparing expectations and experiences between countries, intervention groups, and stakeholders. MBIs were evaluated and found to be relevant and feasible. Barriers include a lack of support, turnover among employees, and a lack of motivation. Facilitators include individual stakeholders who proactively facilitate and stimulate implementation, as well as the presence of stable, well-functioning teams, clear communication, and adhering to project plans. Fewer barriers than expected related to care staff workload and the time needed for implementing new MBIs in care homes. MBIs can be beneficial for people with dementia, yet implementation in care homes can be challenging due to contextual factors. Involving stakeholders in key positions is essential: care home managers are pivotal for policy-making and the sustainable adoption of MBIs, whereas the commitment and the involvement of care staff are needed for day-to-day implementation. Insight into these barriers to and facilitators of implementation can contribute to the interpretation of trial resultspublishedVersio
Muligheter for helseindustri i Rogaland: Kartlegging av aktører og muligheter
Full text linkPå nasjonalt nivå er helseindustrien nylig utpekt som en av Norges nye eksportsatsinger. I Rogaland utgjør helseindustrien i dag kun en liten andel av næringslivets totale verdiskaping, en næring som hovedsakelig består av start-ups og små bedrifter. Rogaland har en sterk eksport rettet industrisektor med kompetanser og teknologier som er etterspurt innen helseindustri, som kan gi muligheter for kompetanseoverføringer og vekst innen helseindustri. På oppdrag av Validé har NORCE kartlagt omfanget av og muligheter for vekst innen helseindustrien i Rogaland. Det er gitt en oversikt over virksomheter i den regionale industrielle verdikjeden for helseindustrien og videre belyst hvilke muligheter Rogaland kan ha for utvikling av helseindustri samt hvilke barrierer som må imøtegås for at flere virksomheter skal satse innen helsesektoren. Avslutningsvis er det skissert en strategi for hvilke aktiviteter og handlingspunkter som bør prioriteres på kort, mellom, og langsikt for utvikling av helseindustrien i Rogaland.Muligheter for helseindustri i Rogaland: Kartlegging av aktører og muligheterpublishedVersio
Why Do We Need It? Co-Production in Elderly Care According to Local Actors in Norway
Full text linkIntroduction: Co-production in Norwegian national political documents and reports is presented as a means to improve welfare state sustainability and cost-effectiveness, restrict public expenditure, and address reduced trust in democracy. We are interested in how this national perspective is understood and implemented at the local level in Norwegian municipalities: Why is co-production necessary, and what is it, according to local actors? Method: Our analysis rests on documents and interviews with main stakeholders within elderly care, including at the municipal political level and in municipal administration and service provision, voluntary organizations, non-profits, as well as user and next-of-kin organizations and councils. We investigate what these actors understand by co-production and explore the reasons they provide for why co-production is necessary. Result: We find greater emphasis on the concept of co-production in municipal documents than in interviews. Co-production is understood as collaboration between voluntary and public actors. Similar to national political documents, reasons given for why co-production is necessary include more quality services, citizen inclusion, budget constraints and scarce resources. Overall, in both documents and interviews, co-production is presented positively and considered necessary. Discussion: In our cases, what is being co-produced is mostly supplementary services, i.e., services that municipalities are not legally obliged to offer citizens. However, there may also be grey zones where the border between public and voluntary activities and responsibilities is not clear cut. Our analysis adds a critical perspective to accounts of co-production by identifying possible challenges associated with voluntary work within elderly care, partly related to grey zones, as well as by identifying the strong, underlying, and unquestioned premise of austerity.Why Do We Need It? Co-Production in Elderly Care According to Local Actors in NorwaypublishedVersio
Utvikling av industriell symbiose i en norsk kontekst
Full text linkDenne veilederen har som hensikt å utgjøre et praktisk verktøy for å støtte arbeid med utvikling av industriell symbiose. Veilederen er delt inn i fire innovasjonsfaser, og reflekterer den typiske utviklingssyklusen for symbiotiske prosjekter. Den gir også en oversikt over viktige systemfasilitatorer, og deres potensielle bidrag inn i utviklingsprosesser av industriell symbiose. Samtidig, vil den også vise til erfaringsbaserte suksessfaktorer og utfordringer samt bidra med en anbefalt fremgangsmåte for å fremme industriell symbiose i Norge. Hvordan utvikling av symbiose skjer er avhengig av den spesifikke lokale konteksten, denne veilederen tilbyr derfor en generell beskrivelse som kan tilpasses ulike lokale og regionale forhold i Norge.Utvikling av industriell symbiose i en norsk kontekstpublishedVersio
Ocean warming as a trigger for irreversible retreat of the Antarctic ice sheet
Full text linkWarmer ocean conditions could impact future ice loss from Antarctica due to their ability to thin and reduce the buttressing of laterally confined ice shelves. Previous studies highlight the potential for a cold to warm ocean regime shift within the sub-shelf cavities of the two largest Antarctic ice shelves—the Filchner–Ronne and Ross. However, how this impacts upstream ice flow and mass loss has not been quantified. Here using an ice sheet model and an ensemble of ocean-circulation model sub-shelf melt rates, we show that transition to a warm state in those ice shelf cavities leads to a destabilization and irreversible grounding line retreat in some locations. Once this ocean shift takes place, ice loss from the Filchner–Ronne and Ross catchments is greatly accelerated, and conditions begin to resemble those of the present-day Amundsen Sea sector—responsible for most current observed Antarctic ice loss—where this thermal shift has already occurred.publishedVersio
Coherent Modes of Global Coastal Sea Level Variability
Full text linkSea level variations in the coastal zone can differ significantly from those in the open ocean and can be highly spatiotemporally coherent in the alongshore direction. Yet, where and how coastal sea levels exhibit variations that emerge as persistent and recurrent patterns along the world's coastlines remain poorly understood. Here, we use a Bayesian mixture model to identify large-scale patterns of coherent modes of monthly coastal sea level variations from coastal altimetry and tide gauge data. We determine nine clusters of coherent coastal sea level variability that explain a majority of the monthly variance measured by tide gauges (1993–2020). The analysis of along track altimetry data enables us to detect several additional clusters in ungauged regions, such as the Indian Ocean or around the South Atlantic basin, which have so far been poorly described. Although some clusters (e.g., at the eastern boundary of the Pacific, the western tropical Pacific, and the marginal and semi-enclosed seas) are highly correlated with climate modes, other clusters share very little variability with the considered climate modes at the monthly timescale. Knowledge of these coherent regions thus motivates and enables further investigations on the impacts of local and remote forcing on coastal sea level variability, and the extent to which coastal sea level variability is decoupled from the adjacent deep ocean.publishedVersio
Thermodynamic and hydrological drivers of the subsurface thermal regime in Central Spain
No full textAn assessment of the soil and bedrock thermal structure of the Sierra de Guadarrama, in central Spain, is provided using subsurface and ground surface temperature data coming from four deep (20 m) monitoring profiles belonging to the Guadarrama Monitoring Network (GuMNet) and two shallow profiles (1 m) from the Spanish Meteorology Service (Agencia Estatal de Meteorología, AEMET) covering the time spans of 2015–2021 and 1989–2018, respectively. An evaluation of air and ground surface temperature coupling showed that soil insulation due to snow cover is the main source of seasonal decoupling, being especially relevant in winter at high-altitude sites. Temperature propagation in the subsurface was characterized by assuming a heat conductive regime by considering apparent thermal diffusivity values derived from the amplitude attenuation and phase shift of the annual cycle with depth. This methodology was further extended to consider the attenuation of all harmonics in the spectral domain, which allowed for analysis of thermal diffusivity from high-frequency changes in the soil near the surface at short timescales. For the deep profiles, the apparent thermal diffusivity ranges from 1 to m2 s−1, which is consistent with values for gneiss and granite, the major bedrock components in the Sierra de Guadarrama. However, thermal diffusivity is lower and more heterogeneous in the soil layers close to the surface (0.4– m2 s−1). An increase in diffusivity with depth was observed that was generally larger in the soil–bedrock transition at 4–8 m depth. The outcomes are relevant for the understanding of soil thermodynamics in relation to other soil properties. Results with the spectral method suggest that changes in near-surface thermal diffusivity are related to changes in soil moisture content, which makes it a potential tool to gain information about soil drought and water resource availability from soil temperature data.Thermodynamic and hydrological drivers of the subsurface thermal regime in Central SpainpublishedVersio
Riverine concentrations and export of dissolved silicon, and potential controls on nutrient stoichiometry, across the land–ocean continuum in Great Britain
Full text linkSilicon (Si) is an essential nutrient element in freshwater and marine ecosystems, and its abundance relative to macro-nutrients (N, P) can impact phytoplankton communities in eutrophic rivers and estuaries. This study is the first national assessment examining (i) the primary sources (geological, biological, landcover) and controls (geomorphological, precipitation) on the transport of terrestrial dissolved silicon across Great Britain to the ocean, and (ii) the current extent and nature of its interactions with macro-nutrients in these catchments in relation to its potential impacts on phytoplankton community structure. It uses results from a year-long survey of 41 rivers along with historical data. Highest concentrations of dissolved Si (4–5.5 mg L-1) were found in rivers of the chalk- and sedimentary sandstone-based catchments of southern Great Britain and the hard sandstone catchments of Scotland. Catchment yield rates for dissolved Si varied between 0.2 and 2.6 t km−2 yr−1, with highest yields found in catchments with higher precipitation and runoff. Analysis of river N:P and dissolved Si:N ratios suggested that the sampled rivers were typically N enriched, and P limited with respect to dissolved Si. Molar dissolved Si:N ratios < 1, an indicator of river eutrophication, were associated with total nitrogen concentrations exceeding 1.8 mg L-1 or greater. The Indicator of Coastal Eutrophication index was used to assess the potential role of dissolved Si in the eutrophication of coastal waters. Negative values indicating limited eutrophication potential to non-siliceous algae were generally found, although some rivers had annual Indicator of Coastal Eutrophication index values exceeding 0, with values as high as 35 kg C km−2 day−1. In many eutrophic rivers, high dissolved Si concentrations derived from catchment lithology, kept the Indicator of Coastal Eutrophication index values below zero. Results have demonstrated that high N and P export have likely shifted most Great Britain rivers and coastal waters beyond the stoichiometric range where diatoms dominate production and into one where non-siliceous algae maybe increasingly present. Thus, future assessments of macro-nutrient management schemes, such as those involving wetlands should include dissolved Si routinely due to its stoichiometric importance.publishedVersio