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Ungfiskundersøkelse i Tauvassdraget høsten 2023
Full text linkI 2018 startet Tauvassdraget elveeigarlag i samarbeid med Strand kommune et prosjekt for reetablering av bestander av anadrom fisk i Tauvassdraget. Reetablering er også nedfelt som et mål i Rogaland fylkeskommune sin «Regionalplan for vannforvaltning 2022-2027». NORCE LFI gjennomførte habitatkartlegging av elvestrekningene i Tauvassdraget i april 2019 (LFI-rapport nr. 345). Dette var første trinn i å skaffe informasjon om situasjonen i vassdraget før reetableringen. Som del av en oppfølging av forslagene i LFI-rapport nr. 345, ble det i november 2023 gjennomført ungfiskundersøkelse i Tauvassdraget. Hensikten med undersøkelsen var å få oversikt over tetthet og aldersgrupper av aure på elvestrekningene, og å samtidig kontrollere skjulforhold for ungfisk i bunnsubstratet.Ungfiskundersøkelse i Tauvassdraget høsten 2023publishedVersio
An Assessment of CO2 Storage and Sea-Air Fluxes for the Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea Between 1985 and 2018
Full text linkAs part of the second phase of the Regional Carbon Cycle Assessment and Processes project (RECCAP2), we present an assessment of the carbon cycle of the Atlantic Ocean, including the Mediterranean Sea, between 1985 and 2018 using global ocean biogeochemical models (GOBMs) and estimates based on surface ocean carbon dioxide (CO2) partial pressure (pCO2 products) and ocean interior dissolved inorganic carbon observations. Estimates of the basin-wide long-term mean net annual CO2 uptake based on GOBMs and pCO2 products are in reasonable agreement (−0.47 ± 0.15 PgC yr−1 and −0.36 ± 0.06 PgC yr−1, respectively), with the higher uptake in the GOBM-based estimates likely being a consequence of a deficit in the representation of natural outgassing of land derived carbon. In the GOBMs, the CO2 uptake increases with time at rates close to what one would expect from the atmospheric CO2 increase, but pCO2 products estimate a rate twice as fast. The largest disagreement in the CO2 flux between GOBMs and pCO2 products is found north of 50°N, coinciding with the largest disagreement in the seasonal cycle and interannual variability. The mean accumulation rate of anthropogenic CO2 (Cant) over 1994–2007 in the Atlantic Ocean is 0.52 ± 0.11 PgC yr−1 according to the GOBMs, 28% ± 20% lower than that derived from observations. Around 70% of this Cant is taken up from the atmosphere, while the remainder is imported from the Southern Ocean through lateral transport.publishedVersio
Bergen metrics: Composite error metrics for assessing performance of climate models using EURO-CORDEX simulations
Full text linkError metrics are useful for evaluating model performance and have been used extensively in climate change studies. Despite the abundance of error metrics in the literature, most studies use only one or two metrics. Since each metric evaluates a specific aspect of the relationship between the reference data and model data, restricting the comparison to just one or two metrics limits the range of insights derived from the analysis. This study proposes a new framework and composite error metrics called Bergen metrics to summarize the overall performance of climate models and to ease interpretation of results from multiple error metrics. The framework of Bergen metrics are based on the p norm, and the first norm is selected to evaluate the climate models. The framework includes the application of a non-parametric clustering technique to multiple error metrics to reduce the number of error metrics with minimum information loss. An example of Bergen metrics is provided through its application to the large ensemble of regional climate simulations available from the EURO-CORDEX initiative. This study calculates 38 different error metrics to assess the performance of 89 regional climate simulations of precipitation and temperature over Europe. The non-parametric clustering technique is applied to these 38 metrics to reduce the number of metrics to be used in Bergen metrics for eight different sub-regions in Europe. These provide useful information about the performance of the error metrics in different regions. Results show it is possible to observe contradictory behaviour among error metrics when examining a single model. Therefore, the study also underscores the significance of employing multiple error metrics depending on the specific use case to achieve a thorough understanding of the model behaviour.publishedVersio
Evaluering av regional planbestemmelse om etablering av kjøpesenter
Full text linkDenne rapporten ser på hvordan den regionale planbestemmelsen som regulerte kjøpesenteretablering i Nordland har fungert.Evaluering av regional planbestemmelse om etablering av kjøpesenterpublishedVersio
Challenges and ways forward for sustainable weather and climate services in Africa
Full text linkSustainability of African weather and climate information can only be ensured by investing in improved scientific understanding, observational data, and model capability. These requirements must be underpinned by capacity development, knowledge management; and partnerships of co-production, communication and coordination.publishedVersio
Future Antarctic Climate: Storylines of Midlatitude Jet Strengthening and Shift Emergent from CMIP6
Full text linkA main source of regional climate change uncertainty is the large disparity across models in simulating the atmospheric circulation response to global warming. Using the latest suite of global climate models from the sixth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6), a storyline approach is adopted to derive physically plausible scenarios of Antarctic climate change for 2070–99, according to Shared Socioeconomic Pathway SSP5-8.5. These storylines correspond to differences in the simulated amount of seasonal sea ice loss and either (i) the delay in the summertime stratospheric polar vortex (SPV) breakdown or (ii) wintertime SPV strengthening, which together constitute robust drivers of the response pattern to future climate change. Such changes combined are known to exert a strong control over the Southern Hemisphere midlatitude jet stream, which we quantify as collectively explaining up to 70% of the variance in jet response in summer and 35% in winter. For summer, the expected strengthening and displacement of the tropospheric jet stream varies between a ∼1 and 2 m s−1 increase and ∼2°–4° poleward shift, respectively, across storylines. In both seasons, a larger strengthening of the jet is correlated with less Antarctic warming. By contrast, the response in precipitation is more consistent but still strongly attenuated by large-scale dynamics. We find that an increase in high-latitude precipitation around Antarctica is more pronounced for storylines characterized by a greater poleward jet shift, particularly in summer. Our results highlight the usefulness of the storyline approach in illustrating model uncertainty and understanding the processes that determine the spread in projected Antarctic regional climate response.publishedVersio
A Factor Two Difference in 21st-Century Greenland Ice Sheet Surface Mass Balance Projections From Three Regional Climate Models Under a Strong Warming Scenario (SSP5-8.5)
Full text linkThe Arctic is warming rapidly, significantly reducing the Greenland ice sheet (GrIS) surface mass balance (SMB) and raising its contribution to global sea-level rise. Since these trends are expected to continue, it is essential to explore the GrIS SMB response to projected climate warming. We compare projections from three polar regional climate models, RACMO, MAR, and HIRHAM, forced by the Community Earth System Model CESM2 under a high-end warming scenario (SSP5-8.5, 1970–2099). We reveal different modeled SMB by 2100, including a twofold larger annual surface mass loss in MAR (−1735 Gt/yr) and HIRHAM (−1698 Gt/yr) relative to RACMO (−964 Gt/yr). Discrepancies primarily stem from differences in projected runoff, triggering melt-albedo positive feedback and subsequent modeled ablation zone expansion. In addition, we find different responses of modeled meltwater production to similar atmospheric warming. Our analysis suggests clear avenues for model developments to further improve SMB projections and contribution to sea-level rise.publishedVersio
RECRUIT: Resultater fra forprosjekt om tiltak for å rekruttere og beholde kompetanse på Agder
Full text linkProsjektet RECRUIT har vært ledet av Agdering og adresserer Agder-regionens utfordringer med å tiltrekke og beholde nødvendig arbeidskraft. Det fokuseres på å fremme samarbeid på tvers av sektorer for å utvikle helhetlige strategier som styrker Agders attraktivitet for både nasjonal og internasjonal arbeidskraft, med fokus på rekruttering, integrering og fastholdelse av kompetanse over tid. Prosjektet legger til grunn kvalitative intervjuer, registeranalyser og samskapende workshoper med regionale aktører for å kartlegge mobilitetsmønstre, eksisterende tiltak, og utforske nye løsninger som involverer innovasjon, fellesskapsbygging og tverrsektorielt samarbeid.RECRUIT: Resultater fra forprosjekt om tiltak for å rekruttere og beholde kompetanse på AgderpublishedVersio
Petroleum Microbiology's Metamorphosis: Expert Insights on the Energy Transition
Full text linkIn the dynamic landscape of today’s energy sector, the shift from fossil fuels to sustainable energy sources has become a focal point of exploration and innovation. Yet, microorganisms continue to be a dominant player amid this transition period. In a series of enlightening interviews, we engage with experts who stand at the forefront of this research, offering valuable perspectives on the pivotal role of microorganisms in the ongoing energy transition. These conversations provide a unique window into the intricate relationships between microbiology and the energy transition, shedding light on how these tiny organisms hold the potential to drive significant change in our quest for a more sustainable energy future. Please tell us a bit about your professional background and current line of work. (...)Petroleum Microbiology's Metamorphosis: Expert Insights on the Energy TransitionpublishedVersio
Mulige negative konsekvenser av rydding
Full text linkSom del av prosjektet Rydderisk - Beslutningsmatrise for effektiv og skånsom rydding av ulike miljøer, har vi undersøkt kunnskapsgrunnlaget om negative virkninger av plastrydding. Det ble gjennomført en litteraturstudie med søkelys på makroplast, akkumulering og rydding av plastavfall i miljøet. Resultatene viser at det nåværende kunnskapsgrunnlaget om miljøeffekter av rydding er begrenset og at mer forskning trengs som underlag til miljørisikovurdering av ryddeaktiviteter. Med bakgrunn i nåværende kunnskapsstatus er det skissert en konseptuell beslutningsmatrise som støtte til vurdering og beslutning om rydding kan gjennomføres, om rydding bør utføres av eksperter eller om rydding frarådes.Mulige negative konsekvenser av ryddingpublishedVersio