Uludag University Academic Repository
Not a member yet
50710 research outputs found
Sort by
Light Higgs bosons in lepton specific two Higgs Doublet Model and their di-photon decays
No full textATLAS ve CMS deneylerinde foton çifti (γγ) ve ττ lepton çifti olaylarında yapılan analizlerde beklenene göre fazlalıklar olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. Standart Model bu fazlalıkları açıklayamamaktadır. Dolayısıyla Standart Model Ötesi modeller için bu fazlalıklar önem arz etmektedir. Bu tezde Lepton Spesifik İki Higgs Dubletli Model’de hafif kütleli (93-97 GeV) Higgs bozonlarının deneylerle tutarlı bir şekilde foton çiftine ve ττ lepton çiftine bozunduğu süreçleri inceledik. Yaptığımız analizler sonucunda foton çifti fazlalığının Lepton Spesifik İki Higgs Dubletli Model’de sadece h_1 CP-çift Higgs bozonu aracılığıyla tutarlı olarak açıklanabileceği, CP-tek Higgs bozonundan gelen yüksek tesir kesitli foton çifti olaylarının deneylerle tutarlı olmadığı gözlemlendi. Ancak CP-tek Higgs bozonunun da Lepton Spesifik İki Higgs Dubletli Model içerisinde ττ lepton çifti fazlalığını açıklayabileceği yapılan analizlerde görüldü. Ayrıca Lepton Spesifik İki Higgs Dubletli Model için foton çifti ve ττ lepton çifti fazlalıklarının aynı anda açıklayabilen çözümlerin de mümkün olduğu gözlemlendi.In the analyses performed by the ATLAS and CMS Collaborations, it was observed that there are excesses compared to the expected ones in the photon-pair (γγ) and ττ lepton-pair events. The Standard Model cannot fit these excesses with in its partical content. Therefore, these excesses are of important for models beyond the Standard Model. In this thesis, we explore the processes in which the light Higgs bosons (93-97 GeV) decay into γγ pair and ττ pair in the Lepton Specific Two Higgs Doublet Model. Confronting with the latest experimental result it is observed that the γγ pair excess can be consistently fit only by the CP-even Higgs boson (h_1) in the Lepton Specific Two Higgs Doublet Model framework, while the high cross-section γγ decays of CP-odd Higgs boson (A) cannot be realized consistent with the experiments. However, it is seen in our analyses that the CP-odd Higgs boson can be accounted for ττ pair excess. Indeed, we identify some solutions which can simultaneously fit γγ and ττ excesses together
The experimental investigation of thermal and electrical properties of battery module used in electric vehicles
Get PDFBu tez kapsamında, 73 Ah kapasiteli kese tipi NMC kimyasına sahip lityum-iyon hücrelerden oluşturulmuş 6S3P elektrikli araç bataryası modülünün elektriksel ve çevresel faktörler değiştirilerek hem şarj hem de deşarj yönünde ısıl özellikleri incelenmiştir. Bu inceleme için farklı C-rate değerleri ve soğutma sıvısının sıcaklığı üzerinde değişiklikler yapılarak soğutma plakasının en etkili ve optimal soğutma performansı saptanmıştır. Yapılan deneyler kapsamında, akım değerleri sabit tutulup soğutma sıvısının sıcaklığını düşürdükçe (25°C, 15°C ve 5°C) batarya modülünün ulaştığı maksimum sıcaklık değeri azalmıştır ve soğutma sıvısının sıcaklık değeri sabit tutulup akım değeri azaltıldıkça (1.3 C-rate ve 0.8 C-rate) batarya modülünün ulaştığı maksimum sıcaklık değeri azalmıştır. Düşük C-rate değerleri ve düşük soğutma sıvısı sıcaklığı, batarya modülünün ısınmasını en performanslı şekilde engellemiştir. Ancak batarya modülünün istenilen sıcaklıkta tutabilmek için soğutmaya sağlanan fayda, harcanan enerji ve hücreler arası sıcaklık farkı dikkate alınarak soğutucu sıvı sıcaklığı optimize edilerek bu değer 5°C yerine 15°C olarak belirlenmiştir. Bu deneyler için 3D metal yazıcı kullanılarak ve eklemeli imalat yöntemi ile soğutucu plaka tasarımı ve prototip imalatı gerçekleştirildi. Bu kapsamda literatür incelendiğinde 3D metal yazıcı kullanılarak modül seviyesi soğutma analizleri için az sayıda deneysel çalışma bulunmaktadır. Batarya modülü içerisindeki hücrelerin merkezlerine ısıl çiftler yerleştirildi. Ölçümler yapabilmek adına termal kabin, DC güç ünitesi ve veri toplayıcı kullanıldı. Özetle birçok disiplinin bir arada bulunduğu ve farklı test ve ölçüm cihazlarının kullanıldığı deneysel temelli çalışma olmasından dolayı, bu tez ile elektrikli araç batarya tasarımlarına, ilgili diğer tezlere ve makalelere referans olacaktır.Within the scope of this thesis, the thermal properties of the 6S3P electric vehicle battery module, which is made of lithium-ion cells with a capacity of 73 Ah and pouch type NMC chemistry, were examined in both charging and discharging directions by changing the electrical and environmental factors. For this examination, the most effective and optimal cooling performance of the cooling plate was determined by making changes to different C-rate values and the temperature of the cooling liquid. Within the scope of the experiments, the maximum temperature value reached by the battery module decreased as the current values were kept constant and the temperature of the cooling liquid was reduced (25°C, 15°C and 5°C), and the maximum temperature value reached by the battery module decreased as the temperature value of the cooling liquid was kept constant and the current value was reduced (1.3 C-rate and 0.8 C-rate). Low C-rate values and low cooling liquid temperature prevented the heating of the battery module in the most efficient way. However, in order to keep the battery module at the desired temperature, the cooling liquid temperature was optimized by considering the benefit provided to cooling, the energy consumed and the temperature difference between the cells, and this value was determined as 15°C instead of 5°C. For these experiments, a cooling plate design and prototype manufacturing were carried out using a 3D metal printer and additive manufacturing method. In this context, when the literature is examined, there are few experimental studies for module level cooling analyses using a 3D metal printer. Thermocouples were placed at the centers of the cells in the battery module. Thermal cabin, DC power unit and data collector were used to make measurements. In summary, since it is an experimental based study where many disciplines come together and different test and measurement devices are used, this thesis will be a reference for other theses and articles related to electric vehicle battery designs
Kashgarli mahmud, dîvânu lugâti't-türk and the importance of the map in dîvânu lugâti't-türk
No full textKashgarli Mahmud was a nobleman who lived in the Karakhanid State. He was essentially a linguist and lexicographer. In addition to being an excellent linguist and field researcher, he was the first known cultural historian, geographer, ethnologist, anthropologist, folklorist, and encyclopedist of the Turks. Kashgarli Mahmud's birth and death dates are not exactly known. Although researchers indicate 1008 as his birth year and 1105 as his death year, this information is not definite. Kashgarli Mahmud, in his bilingual dictionary work called Div & acirc;nu Lug & acirc;ti't-T & uuml;rk, evaluated the material he obtained by compiling from the places where Turkish tribes and communities lived before (from the regions where Turkish, Turkmen, Oghuz, & Ccedil;i & gbreve;il, Ya & gbreve;ma, K & imath;rg & imath;z etc. tribes lived) very well with the successful method he applied; he tried to prove that Turkish is a language that is equal to Arabic in all aspects (phonetics, morphology, etymology, semantics and syntax). Kashgarli Mahmud also included a world map in his work, where the names of the regions and places where Turkish tribes and communities live, and the places/geographies where the nations/countries neighboring them live are presented in an organized manner. The map in question is colorful and circular. This map is the first map included in a language/dictionary work by the Turks. The map reflects both Kashgarli Mahmud's knowledge and the level of the language and culture of the nation he emerged from and grew up in. The map given by Kashgarli Mahmud in his work is based on his knowledge, experiences, field research, and studies. In the map, Balasagun city, which is located within the borders of the Kyrgyz Republic today and is on one of the busy points of the Silk Road, is taken as the center; other settlements, countries, regions, and landforms are positioned accordingly. On the map, mountains are shown in red, seas in green, sandy areas in yellow, and rivers in blue. The places, regions, and cities where Turkish tribes and communities live are included for the first time on this map. The names of the places where some countries, nations, and communities, especially Japan, live are also shown on this map. For this reason, the map given by Kashgarli Mahmud in D & icirc;v & acirc;nu Lug & acirc;ti't-T & uuml;rk is of great importance both in terms of the history of Turkish cartography and the history of world cartography
Synthesis of zinc-magnesium-titanium (Zn/Mg/Ti) oxide hybrid nanofibers and investigation of their effects on the photocatalytic degradation of textile dyes
Get PDFBu çalışmada, Zn ve Mg elementleri ile katkılanmış TiO₂ nanolifler sol-jel elektro çekim yöntemiyle başarıyla üretilmiş ve nanoliflerin yapısal, morfolojik, optik ve fotokatalitik özellikleri kapsamlı bir şekilde incelenmiştir. TiO₂ nanoliflere farklı oranlarda (%5, %15, %30) Zn, Mg ve Zn/Mg katkılanarak üretilen nanoliflerin SEM ve TEM analizleri incelenmiş, katkı oranı arttıkça lif morfolojisinde bozulmalar ve çaplarda artış yaşandığını gözlenmiştir. XRD ve Raman analizleri, Zn ve Mg katkılarının TiO₂ kristal fazında anatazdan rutile geçişi hızlandırdığını ortaya koymuştur. XPS analizleri, katkı elementlerinin başarıyla yüzeye dâhil edildiğini doğrulamıştır. PL analizleri, düşük katkı oranlarında rekombinasyon oranının azaldığını, yüksek oranlarda ise optik verimin düştüğünü göstermiştir. Fotokatalitik performans değerlendirmesi, katkı oranına bağlı olarak boya degradasyon verimliliğinde azalma olduğunu, en yüksek verimin %90,75 ile saf TiO₂'de elde edildiğini, Zn/Mg katkılı numunelerde ise en iyi sonucun %5 (Zn/Mg) ile %78,6 oranında elde edildiğini ortaya koymuştur. Ayrıca ATR-FTIR spektra ile degradasyon sonrası nanolif yüzeyindeki boya moleküllerinin yapısal değişiklikleri izlenmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular, Zn/Mg katkılı TiO₂ nanoliflerin, özellikle düşük katkı oranlarında, çevre dostu ve etkin fotokatalizörler olarak atık su arıtımı gibi alanlarda potansiyel taşıdığını göstermektedir.In this study, Zn- and Mg-doped TiO₂ nanofibers were successfully synthesized via the electrospinning method, and their structural, morphological, optical, and photocatalytic properties were systematically investigated. Nanofibers were produced with varying doping ratios (5%, 15%, and 30%) of Zn, Mg, and Zn/Mg. SEM and TEM analyses revealed that increasing dopant concentrations led to morphological irregularities and diameter growth in the nanofibers. XRD and Raman results indicated that Zn and Mg accelerated the anatase-to-rutile phase transformation. XPS analysis confirmed the successful incorporation of dopants onto the surface. PL spectroscopy showed that lower dopant concentrations reduced recombination rates, whereas higher concentrations diminished the optical performance. Photocatalytic performance evaluation revealed that the dye degradation efficiency decreased with increasing dopant concentration. The highest efficiency was obtained with pure TiO₂ at 90.75%, while among the Zn/Mg-doped samples, the best result was achieved with 5% (Zn/Mg) at 78.6%. Additionally, FTIR analysis were employed to examine post-degradation structural changes. Overall, the results suggest that Zn/Mg-doped TiO₂ nanofibers, particularly at low dopant concentrations, possess promising potential as environmentally friendly and efficient photocatalysts for wastewater treatment and similar applications
Deleterious variants in the autophagy-related gene rb1cc1 /fip200 impair immunity to sars-cov-2
No full textThe clinical outcome of SARS-CoV-2 infection spans from asymptomatic viral elimination to lethal COVID-19 pneumonia, which is due to type I interferon (IFN) deficiency in at least 15-20% of cases. We report two unrelated male patients with critical COVID-19 who are heterozygous for rare deleterious variants in RB1CC1, encoding the autophagy-related FIP200 protein. Airway epithelial cells genetically deprived of FIP200 or cell lines expressing the RB1CC1/FIP200 patient variants exhibit elevated SARS-CoV-2 replication and impaired autophagic flux. The antiviral function of FIP200 is independent of canonical autophagy and type I IFN, but involves the selective autophagy receptor NDP52. We identify a non-canonical function of FIP200 in a novel lysosomal degradation pathway, in which SARS-CoV-2 virions are targeted to single-membrane compartments for degradation of viral RNA in LC3B-positive acidified vesicles. This pathway is impaired in FIP200-deficient cells and in cells expressing FIP200 patient haplotypes. Collectively, we describe a cell-autonomous anti-SARS-CoV-2 restriction pathway, dependent on FIP200 and NDP52, and independent of canonical autophagy and type I IFN, which can underlie critical COVID-19 pneumonia
Transfer learning-based modulation recognition from a data wisdom perspective for disaster case management
No full textWireless networks offer significant advantages in disaster scenarios, enabling critical communication for rescue operations in emergencies like earthquakes, floods, and hurricanes. Technologies such as cognitive radios can address communication challenges in such high-stakes environments, with modulation recognition techniques enhancing reliability in disaster responses. This study focuses on deep learning for modulation recognition, a task complicated by the need to balance recognition accuracy and system complexity. A comprehensive dataset was developed, covering eight modulation schemes across varying signal-to-noise ratios (SNR) from -15 to 25 dB, represented as image data in both in-phase/quadrature (IQ) and radius-r/angle-theta () domains. Using transfer learning with convolutional neural network (CNN)-based architectures like ResNetV2 models (50, 101, and 152 layers), which are pre-trained on ImageNet, the models were adapted for this specific task. Performance metrics, including accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 scores, show that as SNR exceeds 5 dB, these models achieve over 50% accuracy, nearing perfection at 20 dB in either IQ or domains. However, in low SNR conditions, the domain transformation demonstrates superior recognition advantage, with the models achieving up to 86% accuracy gain at -5 dB. Ultimately, the transformation significantly enhances recognition performance, proving essential for reliable modulation recognition in complex communication scenarios
Batch and ultrasonically assisted biosorption of crystal violet dye by trametes trogii biomass
No full textTextile dyestuffs have toxic, carcinogenic, and allergic effects; therefore, treatment of such wastewater is very important. The biosorption method is used in wastewater treatment since it is both an effective and inexpensive method. In this experiment, the potential of Trametes trogii mushroom as a sorbent was investigated for Crystal Violet (CV) dyestuff removal. After characterization of the T. trogii biomass obtained after cultivation, CV biosorption was carried out in batch (BS) and ultrasonically assisted (US) systems. In both systems various parameters like biosorption time, biosorbent amount, pH, initial dyestuff concentration, temperature were optimised, the mechanism of the process was tried to elucidated using the obtained data. Biosorption capacity (qe) was 72.83 mg/g (120 min) and 81,92 mg/g (45 min) for BS and US at pH 6.0 and 45 0C, respectively. The biosorption was observed endothermic and occurred spontaneously, and fitted well to pseudo second order and the Freundlic models for both processes. The reusability of the biosorbent was examined, and it was found that the biosorption-desorption process using ethanol as a desorption agent enabled efficient reuse. In conclusion, it was seen that T. trogii biomass is effective for the CV removal from aqueous solutions, and US is a method that decreases the biosorption time compared to BS
Harnessing algae for gluten-free food innovation: Nutritional, functional and sustainability perspectives
No full textIn recent years, the global prevalence of gluten-related diseases, particularly celiac disease, has increased the popularity and consumer awareness of gluten-free (GF) products. However, the absence of gluten leads to poor product quality, including poor technological structure, reduced sensory acceptability, and nutritional deficiencies. Recent studies evaluate macro-and microalgae as novel ingredients to improve the functionality and nutritional profile of GF foods due to their high protein, polysaccharide, mineral, pigment, antioxidant, and bioactive compounds. This review also examines the technological implications of algae as hydrocolloids in GF formulations. However, limitations such as sensory acceptability, regulatory restrictions, production costs, and industrial scalability still hinder widespread application in industry. Future studies should address species selection, processing standardization, and consumer-focused strategies to enhance the functionality of algae. By systematically addressing these challenges, algae are anticipated to hold promising potential as sustainable functional ingredients in innovative GF product development
The effect of fingolimod on complete blood count, lipid panel, and relationship with clinicoradiologic features in patients with multiple sclerosis
No full textObjectives: This study aimed to determine the impact of fingolimod treatment on complete blood count (CBC) or lipid panel results and the association of these changes with clinical or radiologic features. Patients and methods: The medical records of 214 patients (154 females, 60 males; mean age: 34.6 +/- 10.6 years; range, 16 to 65 years) with multiple sclerosis treated with fingolimod were retrospectively analyzed between January 1, 2015, and January 1, 2023. Pre-and posttreatment demographic data, disease-modifying therapies used previously, total number of attacks, annualized relapse rate, Expanded Disability Status Scale score, radiologic activation change, NEDA (no evidence of disease activity)-3, CBC, and lipid panel results were recorded, and the relationship between clinicoradiological features and laboratory changes were analyzed. Results: The mean duration of exposure to fingolimod was 28.92 +/- 20.83 months. Neutrophil and lymphocyte (predominantly) counts decreased (p=0.011 and p<0.001, respectively), whereas monocyte counts did not change. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and total cholesterol levels were higher over 40 years of age (p=0.021 and p=0.047, respectively), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels were higher in females (p<0.001). Total cholesterol, LDL, and HDL levels were slightly increased (p<0.001, p=0.002, and p=0.003, respectively). The LDL level was higher in those with an annualized relapse rate <0.3 (p=0.003). There were no significant differences with other clinical or radiologic parameters. Conclusion: Fingolimod reduced the number of lymphocytes (more markedly) and neutrophils. It caused a slight increase within normal limits for LDL and HDL and above normal limits for total cholesterol. However, these changes were not associated with clinical or radiologic activation and usually did not require medical treatment. Therefore, close monitoring is unnecessary except in the presence of risk factors or persistent severe lymphopenia
A novel gudermannian function-driven controller architecture optimized by starfish optimizer for superior transient performance of automatic voltage regulation
No full textThis paper proposes a Gudermannian function-based proportional-integral-derivative (G-PID) controller to enhance the transient performance of automatic voltage regulator (AVR) systems operating under highly dynamic conditions. By embedding the smooth and bounded nonlinear mapping of the Gudermannian function into the classical PID structure, the proposed controller improves adaptability to large signal variations while effectively suppressing overshoot. The controller parameters are optimally tuned using the starfish optimization algorithm (SFOA), which provides a robust balance between exploration and exploitation in nonlinear search spaces. Simulation results demonstrate that the SFOA-optimized G-PID controller achieves superior transient performance, with a rise time of 0.0551 s, zero overshoot, and a settling time of 0.0830 s. Comparative evaluations confirm that the proposed approach outperforms widely used optimization algorithms (particle swarm optimization, grey wolf optimizer, success history-based adaptive differential evolution with linear population size, and Kirchhoff's law algorithm) and advanced AVR control schemes, including fractional-order and higher-order PID-based designs. These results indicate that the proposed SFOA optimized G-PID controller offers a computationally efficient and structurally simple solution for high-performance voltage regulation in modern power systems.MTUN Strategic Collaboration Research Grant
RDU24350