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Exploring the need of establishing geriatric care centre in Ghana: the perspective of healthcare practitioners and elderly patients
No full textBackgroundOlder patients in developing countries face major challenges in accessing comprehensive medical care. The assessment of the need to establish a geriatric center has been poorly studied in Ghana. This study explored the need of establishing geriatric care center among healthcare practitioners and elderly patients at the Presbyterian Hospital, Dormaa Ahenkro of Ghana. Methodology An exploratory qualitative study employed purposive sampling technique to recruit participants. Applying In-depth interview guide to solicit study data. Data was collected face to face with the help of audio recorded devices and notes taking alongside with participants. Data was transcribed verbatim using NVivo (v16). Braun and Clarke thematic analysis was conducted on the transcribed data to generate themes and sub-themes.ResultsFour themes and nine sub-themes evolved out of the study. It was established that, health care practitioners had experienced in providing care to geriatrics. Skill acquisition and continuous training enhanced practitioner’s experience. practitioners indicated the need of establishing geriatric friendly center with the supportive equipment. Elderly patients revealed common disease conditions that compel them to frequently visit the hospital. It was also reported that elderly patients face financial challenges and delayence while accessing healthcare.ConclusionDespite the vast experience and demonstration of good knowledge by healthcare practitioners in providing geriatric care, aged patients complained of financial challenges and service delayence. Establishing geriatric friendly center with functional equipment and financial support would ease aged patients challenge in accessing healthcare. Further study is required to explore elderly patients experience of home support system from immediate relatives
The sport and exercise experiences of physically disabled women in Iran: shame, stereotyping, and Goffman’s Stigma
No full textTo date, there is a scarcity of research in Iran exploring disabled women’s sport and exercise experiences. However, it is evident that widespread challenges exist for disabled people to participate in daily life on an equal basis to their non-disabled counterparts. Using sixteen interviews, our research aimed to explore the intersecting identities of disability and gender in Iranian women’s sport and exercise participation, using Goffman’s theory of stigma and the social model of disability. Our findings suggest numerous environmental barriers to participation. As traditional gender beliefs still prevail in Iran, this often created a ‘double disadvantage’ for women. Both enacted and affiliate stigma were highlighted by interviewees, with negative perceptions around disability internalised, resulting in self-exclusion from sport and exercise spaces and disempowering elements to their participation. This research adds to the literature on sport/exercise and disability, focusing on Iranian women’s voices which are largely absent from the current literature
The validity of a non-invasive blood lactate sensor
No full textBlood lactate is routinely measured in endurance athletes to determine the physiological responses to exercise. The blood lactate profile allows the determination of thresholds that can be used to inform training and is often reported as the corresponding heart rate, speed, or power output. Wearable technology development has allowed blood lactate to be estimated in real-time rather than being restricted to laboratory-based testing during a single session. Following institutional ethical approval, eight male participants provided written informed consent to take part in this study. Each participant completed a lactate threshold testing protocol, starting at an intensity of 100 W, with 25 W increments observed every three minutes. At the end of each stage, a capillary blood lactate sample was taken (Biosen C-Line, Sport). Throughout testing, it was anticipated that blood lactate could be estimated using bioimpedance spectroscopy (Zelemiq, UK sensor). There were two aspects of data analysis: firstly, to determine the predictive quality of blood lactate values from the Zelemiq sensor, and secondly, to observe the agreement of lactate thresholds derived from capillary blood lactate and the Zelemiq sensor values. Both Zelemiq and blood lactate values were standardised within participants, with results demonstrating an exponential quadratic relationship. The greatest agreement in threshold detection was observed when using the ModDmax method with a bias of -0.95 [95% confidence interval: -13.85, 11.95] W. Further work is required to determine the baseline variation between participants and test the quadratic model
Research and innovation identified to decarbonise the maritime sector
Get PDFThe maritime sector requires technically, environmentally, socially, and economically informed pathways to decarbonise and eliminate all emissions harmful to the environment and health. This is extremely challenging and complex, and a wide range of technologies and solutions are currently being explored. However, it is important to assess the state-of-the-art and identify further research and innovation required to accelerate decarbonisation. The UK National Clean Maritime Research Hub have identified key priority areas to drive this process, with particular focus on marine fuels, power and propulsion, vessel efficiency, port operations and infrastructure, digitalisation, finance, regulation, and policy
Criteria to evaluate graduate nurse proficiencies in obtaining a health history and perform physical assessment in simulation-based education: A narrative review
Get PDFBackground Simulation is a technique being used increasingly in healthcare education which offers opportunities to evaluate nursing proficiencies. The use of valid and reliable instruments is recognised as the foundation for a robust assessment, however competency-based health assessment courses for graduate nurses can consequently become reductionist in measuring proficiencies. Objective The specific review question was: In simulation-based education, what are the criteria that evaluate graduate nursing student’s competence in obtaining a health history and performance of patient assessment? Methods Eleven studies were included in the review. Papers were critically appraised with The Joanna Briggs Institute quasi-experimental studies checklist. Bloom’s taxonomy was used to structure this narrative review. Results Seven papers evaluated cognition through questionnaires and two papers used a Likert-scale to determine self-perceived knowledge. Six papers evaluated psychomotor skills with a behavioural checklist. Diversity of application was factored into the studies when testing affective skills. Three papers used Likert-scales to evaluate preparedness, six papers used Likert-scales to evaluate self-confidence and one used a Likert-scale to evaluate autonomy. Three papers used a checklist to evaluate professionalism. Four papers used faculty member/ standardised patient feedback. Conclusion Reductionist evaluation instruments create a barrier when evaluating competency. The limited validity and reliability of assessment instruments in simulation, as well as the lack of standardisation of affective skills assessment, presents a challenge in simulation research. Affective skills encompass attitudes, behaviours and communication abilities, which pose a significant challenge for standardised assessments due to their subjective nature. This review of the simulation literature highlights a lack of robustness in the evaluation of the affective domain. This paper proposes that simulation assessment instruments should include the standardisation of affective domain proficiencies such as: adaptation to patients’ cognitive function, ability to interpret and synthesise relevant information, ability to demonstrate clinical judgement, readiness to act, recognition of professional limitations and faculty/standardised-simulated patient feedback. The incorporation of the affective domain in standardised assessment instruments is important to ensure comprehensive assessment of simulation particularly in the development of health history and physical assessment proficiencies. Attention to all of the domains in Blooms taxonomy during simulation assessment has the potential to better prepare professionals for the patient care setting
Lived experience mapping: getting the most out of longitudinal, complex and emotive stories with participant-generated visuals
No full textThis chapter will introduce Lived Experience Mapping (LEM), a novel method of exploring people’s lived experience of longstanding, complex or emotionally charged topics that may be inaccessible through standard interview techniques. Using representationally neutral sticky notes, participants create a unique, dynamic, visual map that encapsulates key items or plot points within their story, allowing them to develop, explain and refine the map as the interview progresses. This process enables the narrative to explore more than the participant’s initially foregrounded issues, offering a wider perspective on the generated data. Participants are given the freedom to shape their map in any way that suits their storytelling style, rather than trying to create a comparable, structured outcome.This method results in a creative visual, without asking the participant directly to “be creative” or for an extended time commitment. The resulting visual is then converted into a digitised diagram by the researcher, who can add details to assist with communicating the map to a wider audience. This digitised diagram, with comprehensive accompanying recorded audio dialogue, can be subjected to rigorous analysis. LEM can accompany a range of qualitative, interpretive research approaches and analysis methods such as phenomenology, grounded theory, introspective methods, feminist research, ethnography, thematic analysis, narrative analysis, content analysis, voice-centred relational method and discourse analysis
Drivers of actual usage of building information modelling tools by civil engineering professionals in construction industry of Sri Lanka
Get PDFThe construction industry in Sri Lanka is a key driver of the country’s economy, contributing significantly to GDP, employment, and infrastructure development. However, the industry faces challenges due to outdated design methods and antiquated technology, hindering efficient stakeholder communication and collaboration, particularly during crucial stages like design. Cloud-based Building Information Modeling (BIM) emerges as a solution, providing a centralized platform for real-time collaboration. BIM is widely recognized as an industry standard worldwide, but its implementation in Sri Lanka’s construction industry is still in its early stages. This research, guided by the Unified Theory of Acceptance Model and Use of Technology (UTAUT) and Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), explores BIM adoption factors. A systematic literature review was conducted to identify key drivers through a meticulous analysis of 50 studies: Perceived Ease of Use (PEOU), Perceived Usefulness (PU), Social Influence (SI), Facilitating Conditions (FC), and Behavioral Intention (BI). The conceptual framework, based on TAM and UTAUT, was developed. Analyzing data from 131 respondents via PLS-SEM, the study found positive impacts of SI on BI, as well as impacts of BI and FC on Actual Usage (AU). Moreover, the impact of SI, PU, and PEOU on AU was fully mediated by BI. Results of this research underscore BIM’s significance, offering insights for effective adoption in Sri Lanka’s construction projects
Culturally Sensitive Curricula Scales (CSCS): roots and branches
No full textThere is a growing body of research on differential outcomes and experiences of Black, Asian, and other racially minoritised students in relation to their White counterparts. Culturally sensitive curricula can help address racial equality gaps in higher education and may support the development of culturally competent graduates equipped to contribute to social change. Prior to the CSCS, there has been no instrument developed to facilitate quantitative research on and analysis of the relationship between cultural sensitivity of higher education curricula and key educational outcomes. This chapter outlines the conceptualization and validation of the Culturally Sensitive Curriculum Scales that are the focus of this book. The chapter reports on emerging evidence of the impact of culturally sensitive curricula on students’ engagement and suggests how such curricula could positively influence educational outcomes. The Culturally Sensitive Curricula Scales make a significant, original conceptual and methodological contribution to learning, teaching, and educational research
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