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Is there evidence for the asymmetrical transfer of strength to an untrained limb?
No full textPurpose: The literature predominantly addresses cross-education of strength in the dominant limb rather than the non-dominant limb, guided by the hypothesis of an asymmetrical transfer of strength from unilateral training protocols. The purpose of the study was to review the literature and determine how much evidence was available to support this claim. A meta-analysis was performed to estimate the magnitude of this hypothesized asymmetrical transfer of strength. Methods: A literature search of all possible records was implemented using Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Scopus from February 2022 to May 2022. Comparison of randomized controlled trials was computed. The change scores and standard deviations of those change scores were extracted for each group. Only three studies met the criteria, from which a total of five effect sizes were extracted and further analyzed. Results: The overall effect of resistance training of the dominant limb on strength transfer to the non-dominant limb relative to the effects of resistance training the non-dominant limb on strength transfer to the dominant (non-training) limb was 0.46 (SE 0.42). The analysis from this study resulted in minimal support for the asymmetry hypothesis. Given the small number of studies available, we provide the effect but note that the estimate is unlikely to be stable. Conclusion: Although it is repeatedly stated that there is an asymmetrical transfer of strength, our results find little support for that claim. This is not to say that it does not exist, but additional research implementing a control group and a direct comparison between limbs is needed to better understand this question
Does the liberalization of masculine space improve experiences for sexual minorities?
No full textNorth American attitudes are liberalizing toward sexual minorities. This is even found within traditionally conservative, masculine, institutions, like fraternities, religion, and the military. However, evidence for Liberalization Theory is mostly derived from attitudinal change of sexual and gender majorities alongside policy changes, with less evidence from sexual and gender minority experiences. Thus, there remain questions as to whether, or to what degree, improved majority attitudes promote sexual minority experiences. To investigate the impact of liberalization of the masculine organizational culture of team sports, we used survey results from 793 openly lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) high school and collegiate athletes, representing 981 coming out experiences. We find that 92.5% of high school and 97.1% of college athletes’ coming out-of-the-closet to teammates experiences were deemed to be from neutral to perfect. We also found no significant differences in overall experience in being out to teammates in highly masculinized teams sports compared to other sports at either the high school or collegiate level. These results suggest that liberalizing North American sexual majority attitudes do translate into improved LGBT experiences within the socially conservative institution of educationally based team sports
Criteria to evaluate graduate nurse proficiencies in obtaining a health history and perform physical assessment in simulation-based education: A narrative review
No full textBackground Simulation is a technique being used increasingly in healthcare education which offers opportunities to evaluate nursing proficiencies. The use of valid and reliable instruments is recognised as the foundation for a robust assessment, however competency-based health assessment courses for graduate nurses can consequently become reductionist in measuring proficiencies. Objective The specific review question was: In simulation-based education, what are the criteria that evaluate graduate nursing student’s competence in obtaining a health history and performance of patient assessment? Methods Eleven studies were included in the review. Papers were critically appraised with The Joanna Briggs Institute quasi-experimental studies checklist. Bloom’s taxonomy was used to structure this narrative review. Results Seven papers evaluated cognition through questionnaires and two papers used a Likert-scale to determine self-perceived knowledge. Six papers evaluated psychomotor skills with a behavioural checklist. Diversity of application was factored into the studies when testing affective skills. Three papers used Likert-scales to evaluate preparedness, six papers used Likert-scales to evaluate self-confidence and one used a Likert-scale to evaluate autonomy. Three papers used a checklist to evaluate professionalism. Four papers used faculty member/ standardised patient feedback. Conclusion Reductionist evaluation instruments create a barrier when evaluating competency. The limited validity and reliability of assessment instruments in simulation, as well as the lack of standardisation of affective skills assessment, presents a challenge in simulation research. Affective skills encompass attitudes, behaviours and communication abilities, which pose a significant challenge for standardised assessments due to their subjective nature. This review of the simulation literature highlights a lack of robustness in the evaluation of the affective domain. This paper proposes that simulation assessment instruments should include the standardisation of affective domain proficiencies such as: adaptation to patients’ cognitive function, ability to interpret and synthesise relevant information, ability to demonstrate clinical judgement, readiness to act, recognition of professional limitations and faculty/standardised-simulated patient feedback. The incorporation of the affective domain in standardised assessment instruments is important to ensure comprehensive assessment of simulation particularly in the development of health history and physical assessment proficiencies. Attention to all of the domains in Blooms taxonomy during simulation assessment has the potential to better prepare professionals for the patient care setting
Antecedents of customer purchase intention of furniture from online stores with the assistance of augmented reality applications
No full textDeveloped countries around the world are already implementing AR applications in their business community, but as a developing country Sri Lanka is far behind with the touch of these technologies. Gaining a competitive advantage, attracting customers, building a brand reputation, and gaining high-profit margins are the company's ultimate strategic goals that determine its existence in the competitive market. To win the high competition, needs to think innovatively and creatively. Customer purchase intention is the crucial factor that drives consumers to purchase certain products. Therefore, the objective is to identify antecedents that would impact the purchase intention of customers when shopping for furniture from online stores that have implemented augmented reality applications. The introduction section provides a starter for the study while the literature review is implemented to identify factors and develop a conceptual framework. Then the methodology section contains a description of the data collection process. This study adopted a distributed questionnaire approach. Then the data analysis which is conducted by adopting the PLS-SEM method follows the previous section. The results show that both factors namely: hedonic motivation and informativeness positively affect customer purchase intention
Antecedents of driving customer purchase intention via AI based customer engagement strategies in the post pandemic era
No full textThis study explores the antecedents that affect customer purchase intention in the post-pandemic era, specifically through AI (Artificial Intelligence) based customer engagement strategies. By analyzing a sample size of at least 147 social media users in Sri Lanka and examining demographic profiles such as age, gender, occupation, and average monthly income, this research addresses a gap in the literature by investigating the positive impact of AI on conversion rate optimization. The study focuses on the factors of brand credibility, customer satisfaction, price sensitivity, brand attitude, and social influence, and their impact on consumer purchase intention in the context of AI-based customer engagement. This research rejects some hypotheses related to brand credibility, price sensitivity, and social influence, and accepts others related to customer satisfaction and brand attitude. It highlights the importance of customer satisfaction and brand attitude in driving consumer purchase intention in the context of AI-based customer engagement. The findings provide valuable insights for businesses and marketers seeking to optimize AI strategies for improved customer engagement and higher conversion rates
Modelling environmental life cycle performance of alternative marine power configurations with an integrated experimental assessment approach: A case study of an inland passenger barge
No full textThere is pressure on the global shipping industry to move towards greener propulsion and fuel technologies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Hydrogen and electricity are both recognised as pathways to achieve a net-zero. However, in the evaluation of the environmental performance of these alternative marine power configurations, conventional life cycle assessment (LCA) methods have limitations reflecting the varied nature of ship design and operational modes. The integration of LCA with experimental assessment could remedy the shortcoming of conventional approaches to data generation. The system energy demand data in this study was generated based on specific ship design and directly fed into life cycle assessment. To demonstrate the effectiveness and potential the approach was applied to a case study of inland waterway vessel. Suitable hybrid PV/electricity/diesel and hydrogen powered fuel cell systems for the case vessel were modelled; and hydrodynamic testing and dynamic system simulation was undertaken to provide ship performance data under various operational/environmental profiles. Lifecycle assessment (LCA) indicated hydrogen and electrical propulsion technologies have the potential for 85.7 % and 56.2 % emissions reduction against an MGO base case, respectively. The results highlight that implementation of both technologies is highly dependent on energy production pathways. Hydrogen systems reliant on fossil feedstocks risk an increase in emissions of up to 6.3 % against the MGO base case. Sensitivity analysis indicated an electrical system with electricity production from 79.5 % renewables could achieve savings of 82.2 % in GHG emissions compared to the MGO base case. Crucially, the results demonstrate a further development of the LCA approach which can enable a more accurate environmental performance evaluation of alternative marine power configurations considering specific ship design and operational characteristics. Ultimately this addition makes the results more meaningful for commercial operations and decision making in the selection of alternative marine power systems to support the transition to net-zero
Evaluation of a peer-led school based intervention on violence against women and girls
No full textThis report presents the findings from an evaluation of a pilot project led by the charity Yellow Door, to engage boys in a peer-led programme to raise awareness about violence against women and girls in schools. The programme aimed to raise awareness amongst boys, as well as tackle misogynistic attitudes and negative gender stereotypes that young people may hold. The project and evaluation were funded by national Safer Streets Funding, via the Violence Reduction Unit at Southampton City Council
Promoting active learning with ChatGPT: A constructivist approach in Sri Lankan higher education
No full textThis study investigates strategies for transforming traditional didactic learning environments into active ones using ChatGPT in a resource-constrained higher education setting in Sri Lanka. It identifies 16 strategies categorized under five constructivist learning themes: active learning, social interaction, contextual learning, scaffolding, and reflective thinking. These practices leverage ChatGPT to personalize learning, foster critical thinking, encourage collaboration, enhance teaching strategies, and offer immediate feedback, addressing educational challenges in developing countries. The findings extend constructivist learning theory by demonstrating AI’s role in facilitating interactive, learner-centered experiences. The study also highlights educators’ evolving role as collaborators with AI, providing personalized support and interactive learning experiences. Practical implications include the immediate applicability of these practices in resource-constrained settings without additional resources, offering a cost-effective solution for enhancing educational quality. However, limitations such as the study’s generalizability to other contexts and the need to investigate potential negative impacts of AI are acknowledged. Future research should explore the integration of multiple AI tools and conduct similar studies in large classrooms and different contexts to enhance generalizability. Expanding this research can help leverage technology to improve educational outcomes and create sustainable, resource-efficient learning environments in the developing world
Do virtual placements work in nurse education? A cohort study into strengths and limitations
No full textEnergy efficiency evaluation of artificial intelligence algorithms †
No full textThis article advances the discourse on sustainable and energy-efficient software by examining the performance and energy efficiency of intelligent algorithms within the framework of green and sustainable computing. Building on previous research, it explores the theoretical implications of Bremermann’s limit on efforts to enhance computer performance through more extensive methods. The study presents an empirical investigation into heuristic methods for search and optimisation, demonstrating the energy efficiency of various algorithms in both simple and complex tasks. It also identifies key factors influencing the energy consumption of algorithms and their potential impact on computational processes. Furthermore, the article discusses cognitive concepts and their interplay with computational intelligence, highlighting the role of cognition in the evolution of intelligent algorithms. The conclusion offers insights into the future directions of research in this area, emphasising the need for continued exploration of energy-efficient computing methodologies
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