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From coaling stations to hydrogen hubs: lessons for a net-zero maritime future
No full textThe maritime industry is undergoing an unprecedented and rapid transformation. As the backbone of global trade, the sector now faces the urgent challenge of transitioning to zero-emission vessels in response to mounting environmental pressures and regulatory mandates. A historical analogy, the shift from sail to steam unfolded gradually over the course of a century, shaped by a complex interplay of technological innovation, economic incentives, infrastructure development, military imperatives, and evolving trade demands. In stark contrast, the current transition must occur within a much shorter timeframe, underscored by the International Maritime Organization’s (IMO) target of achieving net-zero emissions from international shipping by 2050.This paper argues that understanding the drivers, constraints, and adaptive strategies of past maritime energy transitions can offer critical insights for managing today’s decarbonisation challenges. While technological innovation remains essential, historical evidence suggests that adoption is equally dependent on regulatory frameworks, economic viability, and the availability of supporting infrastructure. The nineteenth-century proliferation of global coaling stations strategically located at ports such as Gibraltar, Aden, and Suez, was underpinned by military and imperial priorities, enabling steamships to displace sail on long-distance routes and reshaping global trade and naval power projection. Simultaneously, the so-called “sailing-ship effect” saw dramatic improvements in sail technology as designers responded to competitive pressure from steam, temporarily extending the commercial viability of wind-powered vessels.Today, however, the absence of a comparable military or geopolitical imperative leaves the development of alternative fuel infrastructure largely at the mercy of regulatory enforcement and commercial risk appetites. This shift introduces a new layer of vulnerability, without coordinated public investment or strategic urgency, the pace of infrastructure deployment may lag technological readiness, undermining the feasibility of a timely transition. By analysing these historical precedents, this paper identifies key parallels and divergences that can inform contemporary policy and investment strategies. The lessons of the past, particularly the importance of coordinated infrastructure development, targeted policy interventions, and workforce adaptation, are vital for accelerating the adoption of zero-emission fuels and ensuring a just and economically viable transition for the maritime sector
Afterword
No full textThe stories collected in this book capture a moment in time – a time of profound disruption, uncertainty, and unexpected potential. But rather than simply refracting it towards the ‘new normal’, they show that for universities, the COVID-19 pandemic was more than just a phase through which we passed from one static ‘pre-pandemic’ state to a different, ‘post-pandemic’, one. Indeed, the transformative practices shared by our contributors reveal the changes catalysed by the disruption to be part of an ongoing and dynamic space of ‘becoming’ in academia. Deleuze and Guattari’s (1987) radical concept offers us a powerful framework for understanding change and transformation in higher education. Their rhizomatic model critiques the idea of a linear pathway or journey through an experience or towards a specific goal, since ‘a line of becoming has neither beginning nor end, departure nor arrival, origin nor destination’ (pp. 341–342). In rejecting a fixed starting point or final objective, the rhizome is instead ‘the conjunction, “and … and … and …”’ (p. 26), allowing space for multiplicities, fluid connections, and porous boundaries (Gravett, 2021). Paired with their image of the assemblage, defined as ‘active, always emergent and changing confederations of bodies, objects, spaces, affects, forces and desires’ (Taylor and Harris-Evans, 2018, p. 1258), transformation becomes a continuous, dynamic process of becoming: always in flux, never finished
Exploring the role of cultural intelligence in career sustainability: a multi-industry comparative study
No full textThe concept of sustainable careers has gained increasing attention. Some recent studies proposed a framework which identifies happiness, health, and productivity as core dimensions of career sustainability and spirituality. While previous research has examined Cultural Intelligence in the context of the airline industry, particularly in Intercultural Service Encounters, little is known about how Cultural Intelligence contributes to career sustainability across various industries. This study seeks to extend the existing research by conducting a multi-industry comparative study, investigating the role of Cultural Intelligence in fostering career sustainability across service-oriented industries. It provides preliminary insights into how individuals, organisations, and national culture interact to shape sustainable careers in Intercultural Service Encounters settings
Radiant memory
No full textThe chapter argues that the absent bodies from nuclear history structure the signification process of radiant objects. Here, I posit the term ‘radiant memory’ to conceptualise the gesture of return to others' traumatic experiences of historic nuclear events, as a way of learning to live with the ongoing legacies of nuclear history. Radiant memory, like ionising radiation, also casts a long shadow over the generations of nuclear subjectivity. Like a missing referent in a photograph, radiant objects left by the victims of irradiation and atomic explosions signify the absent bodies and entangle the viewer in nuclear history
Cybersecurity threats of remote autonomous ships while approaching ports
No full textThe utilisation of new information technologies is essential for the design of remote-controlled ships. However, cyber threats pose significant risks to both their safety and security. Since 2021, international regulatory innovation has focused on the cyber hygiene of ships, focusing on ship procedures and training. This study investigates the potential exploitation of remote-controlled ships during port navigation. Therefore, this study proposes a risk-based methodology to evaluate ship cybersecurity threats within port limits. Leveraging STPA-SafeSec’s analysis, security threats are identified. FAHP is employed to assess the severity of each constraint. The study focuses on UK ports. Twenty-one cases in the UK are used to weigh the severity of an accident caused by a ship in port. The study highlights the importance of port facilities in monitoring cyber threats for ships. Overexposure to web ship information, combined with the proximity of UK ports in cities, is found to be a severe threat
Coaches’ perspectives of the use of small-sided games in the professional soccer training environment
No full textObjective: The utilization and variation of small-sided games (SSGs) in team sports have garnered increased attention in recent years. This study aimed to explore the application of SSGs in high-performance soccer using qualitative methods. Methods: Five high-performance soccer coaches participated in semi-structured interviews. A reflexive thematic analysis was conducted, revealing six key themes: 1) the relevance of SSGs, 2) variations in SSGs, 3) the role of SSGs in planning and periodization, 4) the diverse functions and meanings of SSGs within a high-performance team, 5) decision-making and creativity in SSGs, and 6) the emphasis on tactical development through SSGs. Results: The findings highlighted the integral role of SSGs in the coaches’ training routines, particularly on microcycle days -4 and -3, and for both substitute and starting players. Coaches identified the number of players and pitch dimensions as primary constraints to manipulate. The leadership of SSGs was typically delegated to assistant coaches to enhance the physical and enjoyment aspects. SSGs were predominantly used to develop positional play, with specific playing positions constrained in various pitch areas to elicit targeted behaviors. Furthermore, SSGs were employed to enhance players’ decision-making and creativity by providing game-like scenarios that encourage spontaneous problem-solving. Conclusion: This study underscores the critical importance of SSGs in high-performance soccer training, offering practical insights for coaches and theoretical implications for researchers. Coaches can leverage SSGs to replicate match demands, foster tactical understanding, and enhance player engagement
Perceived discomfort is decreased after repeated bouts of isometric handgrip exercise with and without blood flow restriction
No full textBlood flow restricted exercise appears to be more discomforting than the same exercise without blood flow restriction. Changes in discomfort have not been investigated following repeated bouts of isometric exercise. It is possible that the isometric contractions may further trap metabolites resulting in greater discomfort. The purpose was to investigate the effects of six weeks of isometric handgrip exercise on perceived discomfort and willingness to continue with that form of exercise. 135 participants trained three times a week for six-weeks. The training consisted of four sets of 2-min low-intensity contractions (at 30% of their maximal voluntary contraction) with blood flow restriction (LI + BFR) and without blood flow restriction (LI). The maximal contraction group performed four, five second maximal contractions (MAX). Discomfort was measured post-exercise on the first, ninth, and last training session using the CR10+ scale. Changes in discomfort from the 1st to the 18th session were greater in the LI [-1.7 (1.7) AU] (BF10 = 6952.769) and LI + BFR [-1.5 (1.9) AU] (BF10 = 404.996) when compared to MAX group [0.04 (1.5) AU]. There was no difference between LI and LI + BFR (BF10 = 0.241). Although there were differences in discomfort, there was no difference in the desire to continue the same exercise amongst groups (BF10 = 0.208). Discomfort decreased more in both low intensity groups compared to the MAX group. Despite greater decreases in discomfort there was no difference in willingness to continue with the same form of exercise. This suggests other factors besides discomfort may influence an individual’s willingness to continue with the same type of exercise
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