Mental Health: Global Challenges Journal
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Emotional Intelligence and Caring Behaviors of Mental Health Nurses in Greece
Get PDFII International Conference "Mental Health: global challenges of XXI century"
Conference Abstract
The purpose of this descriptive study of correlation of the synchronic type is to investigate the level of Emotional Intelligence (EQ) and Caring Behaviors exhibited by nurses in mental health, as well as the relationship with their individual characteristics
Clinical case of catatonic stupor developed as a result of acute respiratory disease COVID-19
Get PDFThe aim of this work is to demonstrate and analyze a clinical case of catatonic stupor as a consequence of the complex effect of the infectious process, namely systemic inflammation and direct neurotoxicity of the SARS-CoV-2 virus on the nervous system. A retrospective analysis of outpatient and inpatient medical records was performed. . Analysis of clinical case proves the possibility of catatonic syndrome due to acute respiratory disease COVID-19. 2. Given that catatonia is an urgent condition, it is necessary to be vigilant about its occurrenc
Main features of expeditioners’personality traits in Antarctic conditions
Get PDFIntroduction. Determining the benefits of basic human personality traits is one of the main components of the selection and staffing of small groups of peoples that are working in extreme environmental conditions and socio-spatial isolation. These groups include teams of polar explorers, scientists from outlying research bases, ship and submarine crews, and aircraft and space shuttles teams.
Purpose. To identify the prevailing type of temperament of and personal changes in people working on the Antarctic station during a one-year period of isolation to develop measures to maintain their mental and physical health.
Methodology. A total of 48 people (46 men and 2 women aged from 23 to 63 years) from four wintering teams of the Ukrainian Antarctic station (UAS) “Akademik Vernadsky” were voluntarily interviewed according to the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ). The poll was conducted twice – before the departure to the Antarctic station and after their return after a year. Participants were studied in two groups (24 peoples) once again after a 6-month stay on the Antarctic station, to determine the level of psychoticism. The research was based on the analysis of preferences and changes in personality traits: Extraversion/Introversion, Neuroticism/Stability, and Psychoticism/Socialization.
Results. Based on the analysis of indicators such as Extraversion/Introversion, Neuroticism/Stability, and Psychoticism/Socialization, we determined the general structure of the personal characteristics of the expeditioners. Indicators of these characteristics showed that more than a third of the expeditioners (36.1%) were pronounced extroverts. A majority (61.1%) of the respondents were characterized by an intermediate between extraversion and introversion, and only 2.8% were pronounced introverts. 58.4% of the respondents were characterized by a low level of neuroticism, while 33.3% were characterized by medium level of neuroticism. Only 8.3% were found to have a high level of neuroticism. Low levels of psychoticism were predominant in 56.3% of the respondents while the remaining 43.7% had medium levels of psychoticism. A high level of psychoticism was absent in the respondents which indicates a psychologically correct selection of the team. Analysis of the dynamics of psychoticism revealed that there were higher growth rates (+0.97) of average indexes of psychoticism during the first 6 months of the expeditioners’ stay at the Antarctic station than at the end of the activity. This was due to the “acute adaptation” period when the respondent fit in the natural conditions of Antarctica. Furthermore, there was a development of psychoticism in the expeditioners during the “polar night”; the growth rates of psychoticism decreased after adaptation.
Conclusions. To maintain people’s mental health at the Antarctic station, it is optimal to select candidates for a one-year expedition with average rates of extraversion-introversion, and mostly low rates of neuroticism and psychoticism. These personal characteristics must be taken into account when forming an expedition team. The level of psychoticism during the expedition increases under the influence of the adverse environmental conditions of Antarctica and the socio-spatial isolatio
Self-Care practices for anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic in the UK in adults
Get PDFIntroduction. The National Health Service cannot chronically sustain the overwhelming demands being placed on it due to financial cuts, staff numbers and presence of Covid-19. As a result, anxiety levels are on the rise thus increasing the need for effective self-care behaviors.Purpose: The purpose of this study was to comprehend and acknowledge the profound influence Covid-19 has had on anxiety levels and explore what behaviors people engage in to manage their perceived stress levels themselves.Methodology: This study was an exploratory mixed-methods design consisting of 110 self-referred adults aged 18-65 with anxiety completed an online survey guided by the “Harvard Anxiety and Depression Scale”. Data collected from the free-text questions were analyzed using the thematic analyses method to evoke the most relevant themes and generate an evidence-based narrative.Results and Discussion: Self-care behaviors used for anxiety self-management pre and during lockdown were walks, virtual family/social peer support, cooking and aerobic exercise. Additionally, it was apparent that a lack of ongoing family/social support was a key predictor for the proclivity of anxiety-inducing thoughts to be experienced. Interestingly, individuals who continually engaged in activity experienced positive mood states irrespective of the current lockdown environment.Conclusion: This study adds to novel literature on the current anxiety levels of adults living in the UK under the Covid-19 pandemic and what self-care behaviors people implement to self-manage their anxiety levels. This study stresses the significance of ongoing peer support as a self-care behavior that can act as a positive meditator for healthy cognitive processes to ensue. Therefore, future self-care programs advocating this strategy may, if not prevent, slow down the rising cases of anxiety and ill mental health due to the uncertain environment of Covid-1
Virtual Round care model in a Covid-19 Geriatric sub intensive unit
Get PDFIntroduction. Telepresence provides clinicians the ability to monitor patients as well to communicate with all the members of the healthcare staff. Covid-19 Units cope with high complexity in providing care and an integration amount the care team and the patients’ relatives should be carried out to obtained successful outcomes and preventing complication. Virtual rounding (VR) has been successfully applied to cope with this task in the last 2000 years in medical units. Covid-19 patients due to safety rules may be prone to isolation and lack of communication with their family.
Purpose. The aim of our study was to evaluate the effect of structured virtual round protocol in a geriatric Covid-19 unit on anxiety and depression for the patients and their relatives.
Methodology. All the patients admitted to the geriatric Covid-19 unit from 1 February 2021 to 30 April were studied. Inclusion criteria to the study were the followings: no severe cognitive impairment (MMSE =>24) or neuro sensorial deficits; informed consent to participate to the study. Forty-nine 49 (75% of patients) met the inclusion criteria. All the subject who were found to be eligible to the study underwent a VR standard protocol of care. VR was consisted with: 1) a video call with a tablet device conducted by a psychologist that established a cooperative communication between the health care staff (nurses and MD, their relatives) at the bed sides; 2) a video call with the patient’s relatives in which it was clearly explained the standard care and the role of each healthcare member was also included. Anxiety and depression levels were assessed for the patients at baseline after the end of the protocol by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Patients’ relatives were investigated for depression at baseline and after the end of the protocol by the Beck Depression Inventory- Primary Care (BDI-PC). The Beck Depression Inventory for primary care has seven items with each item rated on a 4-point scale (0–3). It is scored by summing ratings for each item (range 0–21). Items are symptoms of sadness, pessimism, past failure, loss of pleasure, self-dislike, self-criticalness, and suicidal thoughts and wishes. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) is a self- assessment scale found to be a reliable instrument for detecting states of depression and anxiety. The anxiety and depressive sub-scales are also valid measures of severity of the emotional disorder. The questionnaire comprises seven questions for anxiety and seven questions for depression, and takes 2–5min to complete. For both scales, scores less than 7 indicate non- cases, 8-10 mild, 11-14 moderate, 15-21 severe. JMP software by SAS (v.16) was used for the statistical analysis.
Results. The present study included forty-nine 49 patients (67% male), mean age of 69.9 ±14.7 years with one relative for each patient. The average mean of the hospitalization for each patients was 17.6 ± 5.7 days The mean VR duration time was 60±5.5 minutes. VR showed a significant decrease in both Anxiety and depression for patients: (HADS Depression baseline 10.6 ±3.1 vs 6.9 ±2.7 end p<0.01) (HADS Anxiety baseline 10.2 ±3.4 vs 6.8 ±3.0 end p<0.01). VR has also reduced depression in the relatives of patients (BDI-PC 3.6 ±2.4 vs 1.9 ±1.9 p<0.01).
Discussion. VR has reduced anxiety and depression in patients hospitalized in a sub-intensive COVID 19 unit and it also has been found to be effective in decreasing depression in the relatives of these patients
Limitation. However, the study has some possible limitations considering its small size and that it was mono centric
Conclusions. Our data confirm the efficacy of VR in the sub-intensive care setting. This evidence supports the key role of a multidisciplinary team, focusing on the importance of social and psychological support during the hospital stay.
More studies will be consequently necessary to better validate the importance of VR as a standard care tool in intensive/sub- intensive care units for the elderly patient
Mental health sequelae of bone cancer: A narrative review
Get PDFIntroduction: Bone cancer causes a significant mental health burden. Although the mental health implications of cancer as a whole have been widely discussed, there is limited evidence regarding the psychiatric and psychological sequelae of malignant and benign bone neoplasms in particular.
Purpose: To summarize the scientific literature, present relevant knowledge gaps and discuss a number of recommendations. Methodology: The authors searched Pubmed/Medline and Google Scholar with keywords (mental health, bone cancer, musculoskeletal neoplasms, psychiatric comorbidities). When appropriate, MeSH terms and Boolean operators were used. Relevant peer reviewed studies published in English, French or German until 05 May 2021 were included.
Results and Discussion: Loss of mobility, decrease of physical activity, chronic pain and amputations in combination with patient’s previous psychiatric history, socioeconomic conditions, cancer biology and treatment-related side effects undermine the mental wellbeing of patients and carers. Since March 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic has posed an additional burden, which is yet to be comprehensively evaluated.
Conclusion: More research and solid action towards the integration of mental health care into the management of bone cancer is crucia
“Pay attention when turning a corner”: an overview of mental health policies in Brazil
Get PDFIntroduction: Brazilian’s history of psychiatric care is complex and has some dark periods, but the country managed to get international recognition for its mental health policies in the last years. Those have been currently suffering setbacks.
Purpose: Review the historical context of mental health in Brazil, assessing the changes made after 2016, and carry out a critical analysis of the current inclination.
Methodology: literature and narrative review using official governmental documents.
Results and Discussion: Through its history, Brazil’s had ups and downs in the care of mental health patients. After almost 30 years of policies that are centered around the individual, and not only the individual’s disease, the hospitalocentric model of care has been subtly making its comeback, together with normatives that revogue rights before acquired and corroborates with segregation of the mentally ill.
Conclusions: The current changes in the Mental Health politics are not walking alongside the line with movements responsible for the implementation of a biopsychosocial care. It provokes and invites us to continue fighting for fair health programs and for the continuation of the Universal Health Syste
YOUTH HEALTH MANAGEMENT SPHERE
Get PDFIntroduction. Health at 10% depends on the medicine level, 20% - on the environment state, 20% - on heredity and 50% - on lifestyle. The healthy lifestyle is forming by: value awareness, conscious attitude, health support; healthy lifestyle; spirituality development; saving and promotion health life. Ukrainian adolescents` health self-assessment is lower than their peers in Europe: every five teenager consider his health mediocre or bad (27%); every third teenager has smoking experience. One in ten teenagers first smoke a cigarette at 11 or earlier, 7% smoke every day; one in seven among 11-year-old and 76% 17-year-old have alcoholic drinking experience; every nine teenagers (aged from 11 to 13 years) tries cannabis at least once. Among 12 million reported sexually transmitted diseases 3 million occur among adolescents.
Purpose. The purpose of the paper is to study the youth awareness level in the health field; to create a youth health center model.
Methodology. An extensive literary review of relevant articles and youth health research reports for the period 2009-2020, was performed using Medline, PubMed and Google databases, with the following key words: "the Ukrainian youth health state, the number of chronically ill among Ukrainian youth, the bad habits spread in the Ukrainian youth environment, youth for a healthy lifestyle". We used a descriptive cross-sectional survey with open-ended and closed-ended questions about attitude to a healthy lifestyle (n = 688).
Results. Youth consider the health as the most comprehensive definition, which is enshrined in the scientific literature (67,7%). Family remains the most influential social institution for young people today. Unemployment, low medical care level and high HIV/AIDS rates are the most important health concerns.
Conclusions. Influencing the safe behavior formation factors is defined, the young people attitude the healthy lifestyle and the mentioned factors have been described. The model of the Youth Health Support and Conservation Centre is presente
ANALYSIS OF MENTAL HEALTH LITERACY AND PSYCHOLOGICAL DISTRESS AS PREDICTORS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING IN SRIWIJAYA UNIVERSITY STUDENTS
No full textIntroduction. This research focused on answering questions: how mental health literacy and psychological distress act as predictors of psychological well-being in Sriwijaya University students.
Methodology.This research used quantitative method, by conducting instrument preparation, data collection, and analysis of data results to see the role of the independent variables on the dependent variable. Psychological well-being was measured using an instrument in a form of psychological scale referred to Psychological Scale by Ryff & Keyes (1995). Meanwhile, psychological distress was measured using WHO Self-Reporting Questionnaire 20 (SRQ-20) Indonesian version, and Mental Health Literacy measurement was adapted from O’Connor and Casey (2015). The participants of this research were consisted of 418 college students.
Results.The analysis results show that there is a role of mental health literacy and psychological distress together on psychological well-being, thus the hypothesis is accepted. Major hypothesis test was done using multiple linear regression which shows a correlation value (R) of 0.586 and a significance of 0.001 (p<0.05). For the results of minor hypothesis test, it is known that the beta value is 0.143 and the P value is 0.022 (p>0.05), this indicates that there is a role for mental health literacy on psychological well-being, thus the hypothesis is accepted. In addition, it is known that psychological well-being and psychological distress show a beta value of -1.945 and a P value of 0.001 (p>0.05), this indicates that there is a role for psychological distress on psychological well-being thus the hypothesis is accepted.
Conclusions.The percentage of mental health literacy and psychological pressure influences on psychological well-being (R adjusted) is 0.343, this also shows that the contribution of mental health literacy and psychological distress together on psychological well-being is 34.3%, while the rest is the contribution of other variables not examined in this stud
INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES IN PRESCHOOLERS: MENTAL HEALTH DETERMINANTS DURING THE PRENATAL, NATAL AND POSTNATAL DEVELOPMENT STAGES
Get PDFIntroduction. A person’s mental health is a successful performance of a mental function, the result of which is a productive activity, establishing relationships with other people and an ability to adapt to change and cope with adverse life circumstances. Particularly acute is the issue of the potential negative impact of impaired development on the mental health and social functioning of children with mental and physical disabilities.
Purpose. The purpose of the paper was to identify correlations between the mental health indicators of mentally retarded preschoolers and the specifics of the prenatal, natal and postnatal stages of their development.
Methodology. Analysis of special medical, psychological and pedagogical literature; comparison and systematization of research material to determine the mental health indicators of preschoolers of mild and moderate degrees of mental retardation; mathematical methods of statistics.
Results and Discussion. These studies show that the events of the prenatal/natal period have a significant impact on the further life of the child. It is a clear fact that close interaction between the mother and the unborn child is confirmed (the child learns to perceive the world together with the mother). However, for the relatively harmonious mental health and social functioning of a child with mental retardation, the mother’s behavior after the birth of the child is of paramount importance. This study does not reveal the entire specifics of mental health indicators of MRP, because the article presents the results of a study covering senior preschool age. School-age children were left out of consideration.
Conclusions. The obtained results confirm the conditionality of mental retardation by negative factors of prenatal, natal and postnatal stages of development. It is important to correctly diagnose the existing manifestations of mental health disorders exactly at the preschool age, in order to implement appropriate measures for correction and developmen