Mental Health: Global Challenges Journal
Not a member yet
143 research outputs found
Sort by
Mental health: dislocation of the concept in the small group
Get PDFThe approximation of concepts reflecting the complex life situations with which an individual cope and which are reflected in mental health, to the context of the functioning of a small grou
On Solving the Problem of Mental Health Care with the Social Work Input
Get PDFIn difficult conditions of the external military aggression and aggravated internal political and social problems in Ukraine, the level of mental health disorders is growing, thus encouraging social change. Purpose. The study aims to identify possibilities and ways of bringing in social work in solving the problem of mental health care in Ukraine. Design/Methodology Approach. Theoretical research methods were used to find out opinions of experts, including persons with mental illness, on the challenges and needs of the mentally disabled in Ukraine. Qualitative content analysis of the narrative interviews with clients of the social organization and expert interviews was done to identify opportunities for involving social workers by the example of Lviv. Results. The study reveals the retrospective and explores the current state of addressing the problem of mental health care in Ukraine. It offers the problem solution based on attracting social work. Limitations and strengths of the study. The difficult times Ukraine is going through complicate the introduction of innovations in the social sphere, health care and education. This, however, stimulates change to improve its citizens’ well-being and health. Practical/Social Value. The initiative to train social workers for professional activity in mental health care supports the population health improvement. Originality/Conclusions. The findings show the need for the social work input in mental health care in Ukraine. The social work education is addressing the need, also involving a community health clini
Mental health problems and the ways of solving them through the eyes of Ukrainian high school students
Get PDFThis paper aims to investigate contemporary Ukrainian high school students’ attitudes toward mental health problems and ways of solving the
Impact of job burnout on mental health among social workers in public and private sector in Greece
Get PDFPurpose: This study examines the impact of job burnout on the social workers’ mental health in public and private sector.
Material and Method: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted in which 103 social workers who were working in public (n=56) and private (n=47) sector of the Thessaly region in Greece. Data were collected with a questionnaire including socio-demographic and work-related characteristics, the Maslach Burnout Inventory - Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS) and the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28). Independent t-test, anova and Pearson coefficient were used in statistical analysis.
Results: Emotional exhaustion was positively related to somatic symptoms (r=0.470, p<0.001), anxiety/insomnia (r=0.429, p<0.001), social dysfunction (r=0.365, p<0.001), depression (r=0.252, p=0.010) and overall mental burden (r=0.518, p<0.001) of social workers. Personal achievements were negatively related to somatic symptoms (r=-0.326, p=0.001), anxiety/insomnia (r=-0.266, p=0.007), social dysfunction (r=-0.321, p=0.001), depression (r=-0.444, p<0.001) and overall mental burden (r=-0.444, p<0.001). Also, depersonalization was positively associated with somatic symptoms (r=0.218, p=0.027), anxiety/insomnia (r=0.317, p=0.001) and overall mental burden (r=0.258, p=0.009).
Conclusion: All dimensions of burnout had a significant effect on mental health disorders of social workers in labo
THE IMPACT OF PHYSICAL AND SPORTS REHABILITATION OF PEOPLE WITH CEREBRAL PALSY ON THE PROPRIOCEPTIVE SYSTEM IMPROVEMENT
Get PDFIntroduction: Cerebral palsy occurs as a result of affecting those parts of the central nervous system that control the muscles and are responsible for the balance and movements arbitrariness. It has a number of forms with varying degrees of damage to the central nervous system and impaired physiological functions. And this certainly affects the perception. Due to perception distortion, sensory interpretation is slowed down and incorrectly analyzed in the cerebral cortex. The improvement of the motor sphere implies the development of general and small motor skills, and the improvement of movements coordination. The correction of motor sphere disorders should be done in a comprehensive, systematic manner, with the involvement of specialists (neurologists, physical therapists, rehabilitologists, sensory therapists). This will help to determine the content of motor sphere correction exercises and define the step-by-step measures for physical condition improvement.
Aim: to investigate the impact of physical and sports rehabilitation measures of people with cerebral palsy disabilities on improving the proprioceptive system basing on an analysis of the practical application of the bocce game program.
Methodology: SIPT (Sensory Integration and Praxis Tests) breach detection study. Bocce game lessons were tested (as a method of physical and sport rehabilitation) in order to improve the sensory system. Object of the study – 10 people aged 28–35 with a clinical diagnosis of "Cerebral palsy" with impaired mobility, who are using a trolley and are undergoing rehabilitation at the rehabilitation center in Lviv.
Results: It was found that 9 out of 10 participants had dysarthric disorders. General somatic attenuation and slow development of locomotor functions are accompanied by a lag in the motor sphere development of the people with cerebral palsy.
Conclusion: The study found that engaging in sports and exercise leads to increased physical health and improved gross fine motor skills related to the sensorimotor syste
PECULIARITIES OF THE COURSE AND TREATMENT OF GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE IN PATIENTS WITH SYNDROME OF UNDIFFERENTIATED CONNECTIVE TISSUE DYSPLASIA. (SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW)
No full textIntroduction: One of the features of modern clinical medicine is that the diseases lose their mononosological character and more often have a comorbid course. Chronic pathology of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) combined with syndrome of undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia (UCTD) occupies a special place. And although scientists have increasingly investigated the relationship between gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and UCTD syndrome in recent years, but the available scientific literature provides an extremely limited amount of material directly on the subject.
Aim: To analyze literature data on the features of the course and treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease in patients with syndrome of undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia.
Methods: A systematic literature search of Web of Science Core Collection, MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library until December 2019 with keywords "gastroesophageal reflux disease", "syndrome of undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia", "ghrelin", "matrix metalloproteinase-9", "prostaglandin E2", "prostoglandin F2?", "oxyproline", "micro- and macronutrients", was performed
Results: According to scientific data, the digestive system is the second system of the body according to the frequency of involvement in the dysplastic process after the cardiovascular system (Bodolay E. et.al., 2003). The high degree of collagenation of the digestive system allows us to expect a variety of manifestations of UCTD. Dysplastic changes in the gastrointestinal tract include insufficiency of cardia, diaphragmatic hernia, ptosis of abdominal organs, anomalies of shape and structure of esophagus, stomach, duodenum, esophageal diverticula and various departments of intestines. In this case, the presence of UCTD syndrome causes certain features of metabolism, adaptation and existence of the organism in conditions of defective collagen (Nica A. E et.al., 2016).
From a clinical point of view, UCTD is a heterogeneous and polymorphic condition, which underlie various defects in the formation of collagen and elastin fibers as a result of genetic predisposition, which lead to disorders at the tissue and organism levels (Chemodanov V. and others. , 2018). Acording to the science data, assignment of patients to the UCTD group is possible if its manifestations are not specific for such connective tissue diseases as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), scleroderma, systemic vasculitis, myositis, systemic lupus erythematosus, Sjogren's syndrome (Antunes M. et al., 2019.) The complexity of the morphology and the variety of connective tissue functions also determine the prevalence of visceral manifestations of UCTD. Moreover, as the phenotypic signs UCTD increases, the likelihood of detecting pathological changes in the internal organs increases. The degree of damage to the internal organs and usually determines the severity of the clinical picture and individual prognosis. (Usenko O. Yu et al., 2017; Denaxas K. et.al., 2018).
GERD is a multifactorial disease in the occurrence of which play a role as a support (stress, obesity, smoking, intake of some medications, nutritional features) and determining factors that include cardiac insufficiency, gastric reflux and resistance of the mucous membrane of the esophagus due to a decrease in its clearance. The risk of developing GERD also increases with generalized or regional disruption of connective tissue structure that is widespread in the population (Kadurina T. I. et.al., 2010). Cardia insufficiency is one of the manifestations of UCTD, and there is a direct relationship between the degree of UCTD and the incidence of gastroesophageal reflux (Denaxas K. et.al., 2018).
On the background of UCTD, in combination with gastroesophageal refluxes (GER), a pronounced inflammation of the mucous membrane of the lower third of the esophagus was more often found. Frequent GER may affect the state of the autonomic nervous system through the nerve and anatomical ligaments of the esophagus and deepen connective tissue dysfunction. In some works, it was found, that on the background of UCTD syndrome, the symptoms inherent in GERD were detected more often than in patients without signs of the first. In particular, these patients complained more frequently of heartburn, severe chest pain, more frequent gastroesophageal and duodenogastric refluxes and erosion of the mucous membrane of the lower third of the esophagus. Thus, as can be seen from the above data, conditions for such important pathogenetic links of the development of GERD, such as impaired function of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES), reduction of the barrier capacity of the mucous membrane of the esophagus, an increase in the number of acid and mixed refluxes. (Kamataki A. et.al., 2015; Baia X. et. Al., 2019). The exclusive role of PGE2 in maintaining mucosal integrity, preventing acid reflux, and esophagitis by modulating various gastrointestinal functions has been scientifically validated (Baia X. et al., 2019). At the same time, in the available literature, we have not identified any studies examining the role of different classes of prostaglandins in protecting mucous membrane of the esophagus in UCTD.
Peptide hormone such as ghrelin has a pronounced effect on gastric motility. This hormone is mainly released from the stomach and has many physiological actions, such as stimulating food intake, regulating the motility of the gastrointestinal tract, stimulating the release of growth hormone, lowering blood pressure and regulating the complex process of energy metabolism, through the correction of hunger signals. As ghrelin stimulates gastric motility and accelerates gastric emptying, the effect of this intestinal hormone on GIT motility is being actively studied, in particular in pathological GER (Kitazawa T. et.al., 2018). At the same time, the role of ghrelin in GERD as an independent disease and its combination with UCTD has not been studied.
Involvement of the esophagus in the pathological process of UCTD is also explained by the accumulation of the extracellular matrix in its walls, remodeling and degradation of collagen and other compounds, and the key regulators of these processes, both under physiological and pathological conditions are matrix metalloproteinases (???’s) (Chen et al., 2009). The cofactors of matrix metalloproteinases are micro- and macroelements that are involved in the formation of collagen, giving elasticity to the connective tissue matrix (Ismail AA, 2016). At the same time, the level of micro- macroelements in blood and MMP-9 activity was not studied in patients with GERD on the background of UCTD.
With regard to drug therapy of this combined pathology in adults, in cases of development of GERD on the background of UCTD pathogenetically justified complex therapy has not been developed, which also determines the relevance of this study.
Conclusion: A study of the literature on the comorbidity of GERD and UCTD has shown that variability in clinical pathology markers is not fully reflected in publications on this topic. This complicates early diagnosis, making the right diagnosis at the initial examination of the patient. The clinic for such combined pathology remains poorly understood. In this regard, the treatment of this pathology is not prophylactic, aimed at preventing possible complications, but remains symptomatic. Therefore, the next step in this study will be: to study the frequency of combination of GERD with phenotypic and biochemical markers of UCTD syndrome; establishment of features of clinical manifestations, changes in gastric motility, indicators of daily pH-metry, condition of the mucous membrane of the lower third of the esophagus in patients with GERD in combination with syndrome UCT
Peacebuilding and Mental Health: Moving beyond Individual Pathology to Community Responsibility: Moving beyond Individual Pathology to Community Responsibility
No full textThis article asserts the importance of directing the attention of the global community not only on treatment, but also on a holistic view of health and health care services that will make it impossible for any individual to believe that they are not worthy of every consideration and support to be fully functioning, empowered community members. Authors call upon psychologists, social workers and other professionals interested in peacebuilding to refocus, not away from trauma recovery, but more broadly to whole health for all communitie
Multidisciplinary approach to research of the adherence to treatment phenomenon in patients with Diabetes Mellitus
Get PDFImproving the effectiveness of DM patients therapy and demonstrating the consequence of psychosocial factors on their adherence to treatment
Study of patients’ dehumanization in a hospital setting
Get PDFThis study aims to explore and compare the extent and the forms of patients’ dehumanization among Greek health professionals, mental health professionals and the general population
Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD): Approach by Dialectic-Behavioral Therapy (DBT): Approach by Dialectic-Behavioral Therapy (DBT)
No full textTo carry out an approach of the current state of behavioral dialectic therapies focused on borderline personality disorde