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Performance evaluation of deep learning algorithms for channel estimation in OFDM-IM
No full textThis paper presents a detailed performance evaluation on the use of various deep neural networks for channel estimation in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing with index modulation (OFDM-IM) systems. The channel estimation performances of the models previously employed for OFDM in the literature are analysed in OFDM-IM. In the context of OFDM systems, the placement of pilot symbols within the process of channel estimation demonstrates a degree of flexibility. Conversely, within the framework of OFDM-IM, the placement of pilot symbols is constrained to the position subsequent to each sub-block, given that not all sub-carriers are active. Consequently, the process of channel estimation in OFDM-IM can be more arduous than in OFDM. In this work, a new channel estimation model is also introduced, which combines Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) and residual network (ReEsNet) for OFDM-IM systems, and which is termed LSTM-ReEsNet. A comparative analysis is conducted between available models and the introduced LSTM-ReEsNet model, in terms of training time, computation time, computational complexity, mean squared error (MSE) and bit error rate (BER). Furthermore, the paper presents BER analyses for different power delay profiles (PDP) in order to measure the generalisation capabilities of the employed models. The findings demonstrate that the proposed LSTM-ReEsNet model exhibits improved in performance when compared to traditional methods and comparable performance with other deep learning (DL) models. Notably, training time is significantly reduced with the proposed LSTM-ReEsNet model
Bayramhacı Kaplıcalarında Termal Turizm: Çevrimiçi Değerlendirmeler Işığında Geliştirme Önerileri
No full textAnadolu'daki kaplıcalar ve şifalı termal su kaynakları asırlar boyunca insanların dikkatini çekmiş ve her dönemde tedavi ve rekreasyon amaçlı kullanılmıştır. Günümüzde de termal turizm Türkiye'deki diğer sağlık turizmi türleri ile birlikte, turizm faaliyetlerinin dört mevsime yayılmasına, konaklama tesislerinde doluluk artışına ve bölgesel istihdam artışına önemli katkılar sunmaktadır. Bu araştırmanın odağında Kayseri ili sınırları içinde yer alan ve merkezi Kapadokya’ya yakınlığı nedeniyle değerli turizm potansiyeline sahip olan Bayramhacı Kaplıcaları bulunmaktadır. Çalışmanın temel amacı, ziyaretçilerin Bayramhacı Kaplıcaları hakkındaki algılarını, çevrimiçi yorumlara dayanarak tespit etmek ve bu tespitten hareketle, kaplıcanın gelişime açık olan yönleri ve Kapadokya destinasyonuna entegrasyonu ile ilgili ipuçları bulmaktır. Kaplıca ziyaretçilerinin termal merkeze yönelik algıları hakkında veri elde etmek için, kaplıcanın Google arama motorundaki işletme profilinde yer alan ve 2017’den 2025 Ocak ayı sonuna kadar yazılmış olan çevrimiçi yorumlar kullanılmıştır. Bu zaman aralığına ait toplam 332 yorum tespit edilmiş olup, bunlar manuel olarak duygu analizi ve içerik analizi yöntemi ile değerlendirilmiştir. Analiz sonuçları, kaplıcanın termal turizm açısından önemli eksikliklerinin bulunduğuna işaret etmekte ve mevcut durumunun turizm amaçlı kullanıma çok elverişli olmadığına dair kanaatin oluşmasına yol açmaktadır. Kaplıcanın yenilenerek geniş kapsamlı bir termal sağlık (wellnes) merkezine dönüştürülmesine yönelik bazı öneriler sunulmuştur.Thermal springs and healing thermal water resources in Anatolia have attracted people's attention and have been used for therapeutic and recreational purposes for centuries. Today, together with other health tourism types, thermal tourism in Türkiye is key to extending tourism activities to four seasons, increasing occupancy rates, and regional employment. This study focuses on Bayramhacı Thermal Springs, located within the provincial borders of Kayseri (Türkiye) and has valuable tourism potential due to its proximity to the Central Cappadocia region. The study's main purpose is to determine visitors' perceptions of the thermal center based on their online comments and to provide suggestions on improvement fields and its integration into the Cappadocia destination. To obtain data on visitors' perceptions, online comments written from 2017 to the end of January 2025 on the center's business profile in the Google search engine were used. In this period, 332 comments were identified and evaluated manually by sentiment and content analysis methods. The findings reveal that the thermal center exhibits notable inadequacies concerning thermal tourism, indicating that the prevailing circumstances are not conducive to effective utilization for tourism purposes. Suggestions are presented for renovating the thermal center and its transformation into a thermal wellness resort.</p
Time-Varying Connectedness Among Oil Price Shocks, Global Conditions, and Financial Stress in South and Southeast Asian Markets
No full textEffects of panax ginseng root powder supplementations into layer quail diets on egg yield, external and internal quality traits, hatchability and blood parameters
No full textThis study was conducted to investigate the effects of Panax ginseng (G) root powder supplementations into layer quail diets on egg yield, egg quality traits, hatchability and blood serum parameters. In present trials, 144 quail (108 female and 36 male) were used. Experiments were composed of two groups: control and ginseng-supplemented groups. Each group had 3 sub-groups and each sub-group had 6 replicates. Panax ginseng supplementations did not have significant effects on egg yield and feed consumptions (p > 0.05). Except for the 7th week of the experiments, ginseng treatments did not have significant effects on feed conversion ratios (p < 0.05). Effects of ginseng supplementations on eggshell thickness were not found to be significant (p < 0.05). Except for the 6th week and general means, ginseng treatments did not have any significant effects on shell ratio (p > 0.05). Differences in hatchability parameters (hatchability, hatching power, fertility rate, hatching live weight and first week live weight) were not found to be significant. Finally, it was concluded based on present findings that Panax ginseng root powder supplementations into layer quail diets may improve some performance parameters and egg quality traits, but further research is needed to prove such outcomes for other poultry species.</p
Atatürk’ün Türk Tarihi ve Türk Dünyası İle İlgili Görüşleri ve Bu Görüşlerin Nutuk’un Söz Varlığına Yansıması
No full textUluslararası Hukukun Mevcudiyeti Hususuna Bir Bakış: Ulusal Hukuk ile Kıyaslama Meselesi
No full textAnalysis and optimization of Türkiye's nuclear energy policies in achieving the net-zero emission target
No full textAccelerating climate change effects have highlighted the importance of clean and sustainable energy sources and shaped energy policies worldwide. There is a shift towards clean energy sources; however, the intermittent nature of renewable sources like wind and solar energy remains a significant challenge. In this context, nuclear energy emerges as a key facilitator of the transition to clean energy due to its ability to provide energy security, zero carbon emissions during electricity generation, and lower life cycle emissions than fossil fuels and some renewables. This study examines the nuclear energy policies globally and in T & uuml;rkiye within the context of combating climate change. The role of nuclear energy in achieving T & uuml;rkiye's net-zero emission target is analyzed through an optimization model involving three scenarios based on the minimization of CO2 emissions. The first scenario assumes that nuclear energy is not part of T & uuml;rkiye's expansion alternatives (non-nuclear scenario). The business-as-usual scenario assumes the current nuclear policy. The last scenario assumes no limitations on nuclear energy (free nuclear scenario). Results show that while 2030 emission targets are achievable in all scenarios, the net-zero goal by 2053 is unattainable, even in the free nuclear scenario with the lowest emissions
Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells mitigate colistin-induced cochlear ototoxicity: an experimental study
No full textArtificial intelligence-based fully automatic 3D paranasal sinus segmentation
No full textObjectives Precise 3D segmentation of paranasal sinuses is essential for accurate diagnosis and treatment. This study aimed to develop a fully automated segmentation algorithm for the paranasal sinuses using the nnU-Net v2 architecture.Methods The nnU-Net v2-based segmentation algorithm was developed using Python 3.6.1 and the PyTorch library, and its performance was evaluated on a dataset of 97 cone beam CT (CBCT) scans. Ground truth annotations were manually generated by expert radiologists using the 3D Slicer software, employing a polygonal labelling technique across sagittal, coronal, and axial planes. Model performance was assessed using several quantitative metrics, including accuracy, Dice coefficient (DC), sensitivity, precision, Jaccard index, area under the curve (AUC), and 95% Hausdorff distance (95% HD).Results The nnU-Net v2-based algorithm demonstrated high segmentation performance across all paranasal sinuses. DC values were 0.94 for the frontal, 0.95 for the sphenoid, 0.97 for the maxillary, and 0.88 for the ethmoid sinuses. Accuracy scores exceeded 99% for all sinuses. The 95% HD values were 0.51 mm for both the frontal and maxillary sinuses, 0.85 mm for the sphenoid sinus, and 1.17 mm for the ethmoid sinus. Jaccard indices were 0.90, 0.91, 0.94, and 0.80, respectively.Conclusions This study highlights the high accuracy and precision of the nnU-Net v2-based CNN model in the fully automated segmentation of paranasal sinuses from CBCT images. The results suggest that the proposed model can significantly contribute to clinical decision-making processes, facilitating diagnostic and therapeutic procedures