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Exploring the anti-inflammatory activity of boron compounds through the miR-21/PTEN/AKT pathway in cecal ligation and puncture-induced sepsis
No full textThe present study investigated the impact of boric acid (BA) and borax (BX) on markers of inflammation and modifications in miR-21/PTEN/AKT pathway genes in the liver and kidney tissues of Sprague Dawley male rats with sepsis induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). A total of 60 male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into 6 groups, each containing 10 animals as follows: Control, CLP (where the model was created), 20 mg/kg BX (CLP + BX1), 40 mg/kg BX (CLP + BX2), 20 mg/kg BA (CLP + BA1) and 40 mg/kg BA (CLP + BA2). Liver and kidney tissues were analyzed for histopathological changes, immunopositivity for tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-10, and gene expression of microRNA-21 (miR-21), phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) and AKT. Gene expression analysis in the liver tissues revealed a significant decrease in miR-21, and a marked but not significant decrease in PTEN levels in the CLP group, while AKT expression was significantly increased in the CLP group, and was significantly decreased in CLP + BA1 group compared with in the CLP group. In the kidney tissues, miR-21 levels were significantly decreased in the CLP group, but the CLP + BA2 group showed a significant increase compared with in the CLP group. These results suggest the potential therapeutic benefits of low-dose BA and BX in ameliorating sepsis-induced tissue damage, emphasizing the need for further exploration of their mechanisms of action
Effects of Banana Flour on Some Physicochemical, Textural, Bioactive, and Sensory Properties of Gluten-Free Cookie
No full textThe present study aimed to investigate the effects of banana flours obtained from different banana cultivars (Grand Nain (GN), Azman (AZ), and Erdemli (ER)) on some basic physicochemical, bioactive, textural, and sensory properties of the gluten-free cookie samples by the simplex lattice mixture design approach. Incorporating banana powder into cookie samples resulted in significant changes in the parameters studied. The banana flours' total dietary fiber and total starch levels ranged between 1.37% and 3.43% and 34.82% and 41.38%, respectively. Erdemli type bananas (ER) were distinguished by their high dietary fiber and resistant starch content as well as their superior bioactive properties. Total phenolic content and antiradical activity of the cookie samples enriched with banana flour were in the range of 376-600 mg GAE/kg, while the antiradical activity values ranged between 8.64% and 59.42%. The hardness of the cookie samples also ranged between 1664.5 and 2605.9 g. According to the results of the optimization, 98.5% ER and 1.5% GN flour mixture could yield the highest response scores. As a conclusion, gluten-free cookies can be enriched by using banana flour, especially ER-type ones, to increase the bioactive properties and overall acceptability
Applications of nanosorbents in dispersive solid phase extraction/microextraction approaches for monitoring of synthetic dyes in various types of samples: A review
No full textNanosorbents are frequently used in analytical chemistry for their various applications, including extraction and microextraction of synthetic dyes. Synthetic dyes pose a threat to living organisms, particularly humans, due to their worldwide use in a variety of industries. The removal and quantification of synthetic dyes from various matrices is becoming increasingly important. The use of nanosorbents in dispersive solid phase extraction/microextraction (DSPE/DSPME) based approaches are considered the most sensitive and effective techniques for the preconcentration of synthetic dyes due to its high sample clean-up capability, low usage of solvents, high enrichment (preconcentration) factors assuring low detection limits (LOD) of the overall analytical procedures. This review describes widely used nanosorbents, their key properties, and sorption capability, as well as progress and challenges in popular DSPE/DSPME methods and their types, including magnetic solid phase extraction/microextraction (MSPE/MSPME), dispersive micro-solid phase extraction (D-µ-SPE), and ultrasound-assisted dispersive solid phase extraction/microextraction (UA-DSPE/UA-DSPME) for extraction and quantification of dyes. Nanomaterials synthesis methods are typically divided into bottom-up and top-down methods. Bottom-up techniques include hydrothermal, sol–gel, laser pyrolysis, sonochemical, chemical reduction, inert gas condensation (IGC), co-precipitation, and chemical vapor deposition (CVD). Hydrothermal and CVD are the most commonly used. These methods have several advantages, including low cost, the ability to synthesize with a more controlled design, and the release of low waste. However, suffers from ensuring reproducibility and large-scale production. Top-down techniques involve reducing the size of the bulk material to create nanomaterials. The top-down approaches include electrospinning, laser ablation, etching, mechanical milling, thermal decomposition, and sputtering. Top-down techniques yield high-quality nanostructures with precise shapes. However, costly setup and inefficiency in the case of soft materials are considered the major limitations of these approaches. The analytical instrumental technique is used to perform the final quantitative analysis step in these microextraction-based methods. The most common analytical instruments used with these sorbent-based microextraction techniques are UV–visible spectrophotometers, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with UV or diode array detectors (DADs), and liquid chromatography with mass spectrometers. Among the available methods, dedicated procedures for analysis of popular dyes such as Sudan dyes, sunset yellow, malachite green, methylene blue, crystal violet, tartrazine, and azo dye were developed. These methods provide limit of detection (LOD) values at the ppb range, thus meeting the sensitivity demands for environmental analysis and monitoring
The Role of hCG Expression in Endometrial Cancer Prognosis
No full textThis study aims to investigate the expression pattern of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) in the tissue of endometrioid type endometrial cancer (EEC) using immunohistochemistry, and also to investigate the effect of hCG expression pattern on prognosis and survival in EEC. We evaluated patients who were operated between 2010 and 2020 in the obstetrics and gynecology clinic of our center due to EEC. In total, 194 women were determined to be in either the hCG-negative group (n=137) or the hCG-positive group (n=57). The detection rate of deep myometrial invasion (16.8% vs. 36.8%; P=0.002), lymphovascular space invasion (10.9% vs. 24.6%; P=0.015), and metastatic lymph node (6.7% vs. 21.8%; P= 0.003) in patients with hCG-positive staining were analyzed to be significantly higher. Five-year disease-free survival (DFS) (P= 0.015) and overall survival (OS) (P= 0.024) rates were found to be higher in the hCG-negative group. hCG expression was found to be an independent risk factor for recurrence, and DFS in grade I-II EEC was limited to the uterus and with superficial myometrial invasion (low risk). No independent risk factors for OS were analyzed. hCG positivity is a risk factor with poor prognostic factors in endometrial cancer. It was concluded that hCG expression in low-risk EEC is a valuable negative prognostic factor for recurrence and DFS
Light-responsive liposome as a smart vehicle for the delivery of anticancer herbal medicine to skin
No full textSunlight is composed of various wavelengths, including visible light, ultraviolet (UV) rays, and infrared radiation that serves as a double-edged sword for humans via providing the energy for sustaining life on Earth and also acting as a source of hazardous UV radiation. The skin, as the largest protective part of the body, is exposed to sunlight daily, making it critical to protect this organ from its harmful effects. Accordingly, this research aims to fabricate a new type of light-responsive liposome to deliver herbal medicine as protective compounds with antioxidant and anticancer properties. The light-responsive part of this liposome has the capability of cleavage after exposure to UV-A light (the main UV-parts of sunlight) and improves drug release pattern. In detail, a light-responsive compound was fabricated at first and then was used along with phospholipids and curcumin (a type of herbal drug)-loaded cyclodextrin for the fabrication of liposomes using the thin-film hydration method. The physicochemical analysis confirmed the fabrication of spherical liposomes approximately 145 nm in size, which released around 62% of the therapeutic cargo over 120 h when exposed to UV irradiation. Besides, it showed anticancer ability (against melanoma cancer cells) while having a protecting effect for the normal cell line. Therefore, it could be a candidate for further application in skin-protecting products like wound healing compounds or anticancer usage. Graphical Abstract: (Figure presented.
ÇEVRESEL ALGI, SÜRDÜRÜLEBİLİR ÇEVRE VE YEŞİL ÜRÜN SATIN ALMA NİYETİ: SPOR BİLİMLERİ FAKÜLTESİ ÖĞRENCİLERİ ÜZERİNE BİR İNCELEME
No full textPredator-incited fear weakened by infertility of prey in a prey-predator model with memory effect
No full textThis paper focuses on the construction along with investigation of a novel prey-predator model incorporating prey infertility and the integration of prey infertility with predator-incited fear. The model is built upon a basic prey-predator model, featuring a Michaelis-Menten response. Subsequently, fear effect is introduced to the model, followed by the integration of prey infertility into the concept of logistic growth. Finally, the prey infertility rate is included in the fear effect term. The system is formulated using fractional differential equations. This study covers the well-posedness, stability and Hopf bifurcation analysis of the model, conducting detailed numerical examinations together with biological interpretations. Pioneering and original results are achieved in terms of including the concept of prey infertility into the prey-predator model and considering it together with other biological facts, and incorporating the memory effect using fractional derivatives within the model
Effect of endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy on conjunctival morphology and visual quality
No full textClinical relevance: Endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy (EN-DCR) is one of the preferred interventions for occlusion of the nasolacrimal drainage system. Understanding the bulbar conjunctival changes that occur after EN-DCR surgery will provide better insight into the effect of this procedure on visual quality and patient comfort. Background: This study aimed to evaluate visual quality and bulbar conjunctival cytologic changes using in vivo confocal microscopy and corneal topography in patients with epiphora resulting from nasolacrimal duct obstruction after EN-DCR. Methods: Nineteen eyes of 19 patients with epiphora were enrolled. All patients underwent EN-DCR with silicone tube intubation. Before and six months after EN-DCR, higher-order aberrations (HOAs) were measured using the Sirius corneal topographer/aberrometer, and bulbar conjunctival changes were assessed using in vivo confocal microscopy. Root mean square values of coma, trefoil, spherical, and total HOAs were analysed. Conjunctival superficial and basal epithelial cell and goblet cell densities and bulbar conjunctival changes were evaluated. The severity of epiphora was assessed by the Munk score before and six months after EN-DCR. Results: Nineteen eyes of 19 patients (16 women and 3 men) were examined. The mean age of the patients was 40.8 ± 9.8 years. Total HOA and coma aberrations were significantly decreased at six months after EN-DCR compared to preoperatively. Conjunctival superficial and basal epithelial cell densities and epithelial thickness were significantly increased while goblet cell density was unchanged at six months after EN-DCR. There was also a significant improvement in Munk score six months postoperatively. Conclusion: EN-DCR can lead to conjunctival remodelling. Alterations in HOAs and point spread function may occur during the postoperative period. Moreover, point spread function may be positively associated with Munk score
Rootstock characteristics contributing to nitrogen use efficiency and morpho-physiological and biochemical responses of grafted tomato under drought stress conditions
No full textAmong the abiotic stresses, it is not just only the nitrogen that is the limiting factor in crop growth and yields, but also due to the shortage and uneven distribution of water resources, drought stress has become a most critical circumstances restricting sustainable crop production. The aim of this study was to determine genotypic differences in the Nitrogen Use Efficiency (NUE) of some local and hybrid tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum L.) genotypes and to assess whether grafting with rootstocks could improve the NUE and drought tolerance of susceptible tomato scions. Plants were grown hydroponically under high N (3.0 mM) supply treated with drought stress (10% (w/v) PEG 6000) by using an aerated Deep-Water Culture technique in a fully automated growth chamber of Georg-August University, Agricultural Faculty in G & ouml;ttingen, Germany. The hydroponic experiment was arranged in a completely randomized block design with three replications for ten weeks between July-September 2022. Two tomato genotypes [Goldene K & ouml;nigin F1 (German hybrid variety) and Iraq 5 (obtained from Iraq Crop Research Institute)] were used as scion and two pre-selected tomato genotypes [Karahidir (N-inefficient Turkish local variety) and ALT (N-efficient Ghanaian local variety obtained from Ghana Research Institute] were used as rootstock materials in this study. Although growing under high N supply, shoot growth, as well as root morphological, leaf physiological and biochemical responses and NUE of both grafted and non-grafted (scions) tomato plants were significantly adverse affected by drought stress. On the other hand, the grafted plants usually exhibited highest growth performance than the non-grafted control plants under drought stress indicating that N-efficient and drought tolerant rootstocks significantly contributed to growth and biomass production and thus NUE of susceptible tomato scions. Among the two graft combinations significant genotypic variation existed in drought stress under high N supply. Previously as 'N-efficient' characterized tomato root stock genotype ALT showed higher drought tolerance in the graft combination of Iraq 5/ALT than the 'N-inefficient' characterized genotype Karahidir (KH) in the graft combination of Goldene K & ouml;nigin (GK)/KH. Two non-grafted susceptible scion genotypes varied significantly under drought stress. The scion genotype Iraq 5 usually showed a higher drought tolerance than the scion genotype GK under high N supply. Both rootstocks (ALT and KH) have high rootstock potential for tomato, and their significant contributions to salt tolerance were closely associated with inducing physiological and biochemical responses of scions under high N supply. These traits could be useful for the selection and breeding of drought-tolerant rootstocks for sustainable high-input agriculture in the future. However, to recommend these tomato rootstocks for using in a low-input agriculture, the experiment should be conducted also under a low N condition. Therefore, a next hydroponic study will be conducted by grafting same tomato scions (Iraq 5 and GK) onto the same rootstocks (ALT and KH) under low N (0.3 mM) supply which will be treated with drought stress in the near future