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Role of Giberellic Acid (GA3) in Seed Germination and Early Seedling Development in Some Field Crops: A Review
No full textAcute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis in Children and Adolescents: A Multicenter Retrospective Study of Relapse and Outcome
No full textObjectives: To evaluate the demographic, clinical, laboratory, and prognostic data of children with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis with respect to anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody status. Methods: Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis patients (n = 245) from 24 centers followed up between 2010 and 2022 were evaluated retrospectively. The short- and long-term outcome characteristics (disease severity and course, clinical relapse, and recovery rates) were assessed. Incomplete clinical recovery was defined as modified Rankin Score ≥1 or the presence of epilepsy. Univariant and multivariant analysis were performed for outcome characteristics. Results: The mean age at diagnosis was 6.3 ± 3.8 (0.5-17.7) years and the median follow-up was 22 (3-132) months. The outcome characteristics were evaluated in 180 of 245 patients (73.4%) with at least 12 months’ follow-up. Twenty-three patients (12.6%) relapsed. The multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed the following clinical parameters as predictors of relapse: sex, visual impairment, and ataxia at initial presentation. Incomplete clinical recovery (n = 42/180, 23.3%) was associated with the presence of seizures on admission and the need for an intensive care unit. Anti-MOG antibody positivity was not associated with an increased risk of relapse (25% vs 13.1%, P =.164) or incomplete clinical recovery (P =.511). Conclusion: The nationwide cohort presented further supports the typically monophasic nature of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, and a high rate of complete recovery. The presence of certain symptoms in the acute period may assist the clinician in estimating the outcome
Çok Katmanlı Biyomedikal Yaklaşımlar: Mikrobiyota, İmmün Modülasyon ve Hücresel Sistemler
No full textProphylactic and therapeutic effects of isolated farm bacteriophages in lamb diarrhea induced by Escherichia coli
No full textIf antimicrobial treatment of infections by multidrug-resistant bacteria fails, the use of bacteriophages comes into focus. This study was a proof of concept (POC) and investigated if carefully selected E.coli bacteriophages (Φ IA-38) are superior to routine antibiotic post-infection treatment of E. coli-induced secretory diarrhea in neonatal lambs. Furthermore, the prophylactic application of Φ IA-38 was also investigated in the same trial. For this aim, a Φ IA-38 was isolated from sewage samples from a small sheep farm. The isolate had broad lytic activity against various E. coli strains, and its genome contains no antibiotic resistance or virulent genes. For the clinical part, 36 Awassi lambs (20 males, 16 females), aged 1–7 days and weighing 3.2–5.7 kg, were randomly allocated to four experimental groups comprising three treatment groups and one control group. Briefly, group 1 was the control group that was not infected nor received bacteriophages; group 2 was infected and treated 24 h later with a combination of procaine penicillin and dihydrostreptomycin; group 3 was treated prophylactically 12 h before infection, and group 4 was infected and treated 1 day after infection. A single dose of E. coli K99 (0.1 mL; 10⁷ CFU/mL) was given orally for infection. Lambs intramuscularly received 0.1 mL of phage Φ IA-38 (10⁷ PFU/mL; MOI:1) for 3 days for phage therapy. Next to routine hematology and clinical biochemistry, blood concentrations of Serum amyloid A (SAA), Haptoglobin (Hpt), immunoglobulin M (IgM), and immunoglobulin G (IgG) were determined to estimate the magnitude of inflammatory and general immune responses. None of the lambs died. All other lambs had mild to severe diarrhea except for the control group. SAA concentrations in the animals of Group 2 were increased at all time points after day 1, whereas the Hpt levels had decreased on day 10 in Group 4 (P < 0.05). IgM levels on day 7 were higher in phage-treated Groups 3 and 4, compared to the negative control and the pen-strep-treated other groups (P < 0.05). The IgG levels were significantly increased only in the animals of Group 3 on the 7th and 10th days (P <0.05). SAA concentrations in the animals treated with antibiotics (Group 2) were increased at all time points after day 1. In the Φ IA-therapeutically treated animals (Group 4), Hpt levels were already lowest and had significantly (p < 0.05) decreased by day 10. IgM levels on day 7 were higher in the prophylactic (Group 3) and therapeutic Φ IA-38- treated groups (Group 4) compared to the negative control and the pen-strep-treated groups (P < 0.05). The IgG levels were significantly increased only in the animals that had received the bacteriophages prophylactically before infection on the 7th and 10th days (P < 0.05). Prophylactic and therapeutic IA-38 treatment reduced significantly (p < 0.05) E. coli K99 counts in the feces of infected lambs, similar to the antibiotic treatment. However, complete E. coli K 99 elimination was not reached by day 10. In conclusion, we showed the POC for Φ IA-38 therapy, but dosing and treatment duration were insufficient to eliminate all E. coli K99. Further studies are warranted to optimize the elimination of multi-resistant Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) infection of the intestinal tract of neonatal lambs
Numerical Investigation of Repeated Impact Ballistic Performance of High-Hardness ARMOX 600T Steel Against 0.3-Caliber FSP
No full textKNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES AND BEHAVIORS OF PATIENTS APPLYING TO THE FAMILY MEDICINE OUTPATIENT CLINIC OF A UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL TOWARDS INFLUENZA AND PNEUMOCOCCAL VACCINES.
No full textNONVERBAL BEHAVIOR ANALYSIS PROCESS IN HUMAN INTELLIGENCE
No full textBehavior analysis is used in many disciplines such as psychology, special education, and law. Similarly, behavior analysis is important in human intelligence (humint) (Hartwig et al., 2014; Pavlich, 2017). Being able to read nonverbal behaviors may provide the opportunity to see the other party's intentions, hidings, and possible moves. This technique can be used in many areas, such as the behavior of agents or informants, the behaviors of individuals in critical areas such as airports, and changes in the other party's emotions (Inbau et al., 2015). Nonverbal behavior analysis must be databased and reliable (Turvey, 2011). Nonverbal behaviors are behaviors other than verbal expressions, such as facial expressions, body movements, voice, interpersonal space, and eye movements (Knapp et al., 2013). When the literature was examined, no study was found on how nonverbal behavior analysis should be done in intelligence processes. Therefore, this study aims to address how nonverbal behavior analysis should be done. For this purpose, a literature review is conducted in the study by adopting a narrative review (Chaney, 2021). The findings obtained as a result of the literature review are addressed in six categories as the stages of the nonverbal behavior analysis process: “determining the target behavior, collecting data on the relevant behavior, writing hypothesis(s), analyzing the data, testing the hypothesis(s), and making a decision”. When these stages are carried out carefully, important information may be obtained from the person with whom the data is collected. In addition, the negative effect of the possibility of analyst errors, especially during the data collection stage, on the interpretation of nonverbal behavior is also discussed. As a result, the importance of carrying out nonverbal behavior analysis by considering scientific stages is emphasized. </p
Girdap akım testinde kullanılan farklı tip bobinlerin endüktansının teorik, deneysel ve sayısal incelenmesi
No full textElektrik enerjisinin iletiminde Alüminyum Kaplı Çelik (ACS) teller sıklıkla kullanılmaktadır. Bu tellerin imalatı esnasında yüzeylerinde meydana gelen deformasyonları tespit etmek için tahribatsız muayene yöntemlerinden biri olan girdap akım test sistemleri kullanılmaktadır. Bu test sisteminde yer alan sensörler, malzeme yüzeyindeki kusurların tespitinde indüktans değişimlerini referans almaktadır. Sensörlerdeki indüktans değerlerinin belirlenmesinde analitik, numerik ve deneysel yöntemler tercih edilmektedir. Bu çalışmada analitik hesaplama için Harold A. Wheeler yöntemi ve numerik hesaplama için sonlu elemanlar metodundan faydalanarak COMSOL Multiphysics programı kullanılmıştır. Referans olması için aynı parametrelerle üretilen 26 adet bobinin indüktans değerleri deneysel olarak ölçülmüş ve diğer iki yöntemle hesaplanan indüktans değerlerinin doğruluğu karşılaştırılarak bobin indüktansının hesaplanmasında hangi yöntemin daha güvenilir olduğu belirlenmiştir. Harold A. Wheeler yönteminin referans olarak kullanılan LCR metre ölçümlerine göre sapma değeri %0.02 ile %6.32 aralığında, geliştirilen COMSOL Multiphysics yöntemindeki sapma değeri ise %0.18 ile %4.83 aralığında hesaplanmıştır. Önerilen bu yöntemin endüstriyel uygulamalarda daha etkin olacağı ortaya konulmuştur.In the transmission of electricalenergy, Aluminum Coated Steel (ACS) wires are frequently used. During the manufacturingof these wires, eddy current testing systems, which are one of the non-destructivetesting methods, are used to detect deformations that occur on their surfaces. Thesensors included in this test system reference inductance changes to detect defectson the material surface. In determining the inductance values in sensors, analytical,numerical, and experimental methods are preferred. In this study, the COMSOLMultiphysics program was used by employing the Harold A. Wheeler method foranalytical calculations and the finite element method for numerical calculations.For reference, the inductance values of 26 coils produced with the same parameterswere experimentally measured, and the accuracy of the inductance valuescalculated by the other two methods was compared to determine which method is morereliable for calculating coil inductance. According to the reference LCR metermeasurements for the Harold A. Wheeler method, the deviation value ranges from0.02% to 6.32%, while the deviation value for the developed COMSOL Multiphysicsmethod is calculated to be in the range of 0.18% to 4.83%. It has been shownthat this proposed method will be more effective in industrial applications.</p
Cannabidiol as a potential anti-biofilm and anti-quorum sensing agent against Escherichia coli O157:H7
No full textEscherichia coli O157:H7 is a major foodborne pathogen capable of forming biofilms and exhibiting increasing resistance to antimicrobials. This growing resistance underscores the need for new strategies, prompting interest in alternative agents such as cannabidiol (CBD), a non-psychoactive cannabis derivative with antimicrobial potential. This study investigated the influence of cannabidiol (CBD) on E. coli O157:H7 in terms of bacterial proliferation, biofilm development, and quorum sensing (QS) activity. CBD's antimicrobial and anti-biofilm properties were determined using the broth microdilution technique and the microtiter plate (MtP) assay, respectively. Additionally, its quorum sensing inhibitory (QSI) capability was assessed by analyzing the reduction in swarming motility at concentrations sub-MIC. The transcriptional profiles of quorum sensing-related genes were quantified using real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) methodology. MIC and MBC values for CBD ranged from 5 mg/mL to 20 mg/mL, with limited antimicrobial potency compared to ciprofloxacin. The MtP assay revealed that CBD reduced biofilm production of E. coli O157:H7 isolates by up to 50 % and significantly downregulated pfs expression at 20 mg/mL (p 0.05). In conclusion, these findings highlight CBD's potential as an anti-biofilm and anti-QS agent against E. coli O157:H7
