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Enhancing Ascorbic Acid Delivery and Stability by Yeast Microencapsulation in Vitro and Food Matrices: A Comparative Study of Candida, and Kluyveromyces Species
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A new era in the education and practice of nurse academics: A qualitative study on the use of artificial intelligence
No full textAim: This study was conducted to examine in depth the use of artificial intelligence technologies by nurse academics. Background: Understanding the use of artificial intelligence technology by nurse academics and their perspectives on the subject is of critical importance. Design: A qualitative descriptive study. Methods: This qualitative study conducted in-depth interviews with 18 nurse academics in February 2025 in T & uuml;rkiye. The data were analyzed by the inductive content analysis method. The COREQ checklist was used in the study. Results: Five main themes were determined in the study: Artificial intelligence tools, purposes of using artificial intelligence, advantages of using artificial intelligence, disadvantages of using artificial intelligence and ethical issues. Conclusion: All of the nurse academics use artificial intelligence in their professional lives. Artificial intelligence technologies are used in nursing student education and scientific research. While there were benefits like saving time and easy access to information, there were also drawbacks like false information, deterioration of critical thinking and problem-solving abilities and ethical dilemmas
Outcomes of mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy in pediatric patients with spinal deformities: A controlled comparative study
No full textPurpose: This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of mini percutaneous nephrolithotomy (Mini-PCNL) in pediatric patients with spinal deformities by comparing their surgical outcomes to those of neurologically normal children, and to identify the specific perioperative challenges associated with managing this complex patient population. Materials and methods: A total of 289 pediatric patients who underwent Mini-PCNL between January 2016 and January 2025 were retrospectively analyzed. Of these, 17 (5.9%) had spinal deformities and formed the study group, while 272 neurologically normal children comprised the control group. Demographic data, stone burden, perioperative parameters, clinical outcomes, and complications were compared between groups. Statistical analysis was performed using the Mann-Whitney U test for continuous variables and the Chi-Square test for categorical variables. A p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Patients in the spinal deformity group had a significantly higher median age (10 vs. 4 years, p<0.001), greater stone burden (300 mm(2) vs. 200 mm(2), p=0.009), and longer durations of anesthesia (125 minutes vs. 91 minutes, p<0.001) and surgery (95 minutes vs. 75 minutes, p=0.040), as well as an extended hospital stay (5 vs. 3 days, p<0.001). This group also had a significantly shorter follow-up duration (10 vs. 30 months, p<0.001). The initial stone-free rate was significantly lower in the spinal deformity group (70.6% vs. 86.4%, p=0.05), although the final stone-free rates were comparable between the groups (88.2% vs. 96.3%, p=0.20). Residual stone rates (29.4% vs. 13.6%, p=0.05) and the need for blood transfusions (11.8% vs. 2.9%, p=0.05) were significantly higher in the spinal deformity group. While the overall and major complication rates were higher in this group, the differences were not statistically significant. Conclusion: Mini-PCNL is a feasible and effective treatment option for pediatric patients with spinal deformities. Despite increased technical complexity and intraoperative risk, acceptable stone-free outcomes and manageable complication rates can be achieved with experienced surgical teams and structured perioperative care. Further prospective studies are warranted to assess long-term outcomes in this vulnerable population. (c) 2025 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies
Effects of edible microparticle-based coatings on postharvest quality, ascorbic acid, total phenolic, and total antioxidant capacity of spinach
No full textDesign, synthesis, anticancer evaluation, biological screening, and computational study of novel 6,7-dimethoxyquinazoline derivatives as VEGFR-2 inhibitors and apoptotic inducers
No full textNovel quinazoline analogs were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their activities as potential anticancer agents. The compounds bearing a 4-substituted-6,7-dimethoxyquinazoline scaffold underwent in vitro cytotoxicity screening against 60 cancer cell lines under the National Cancer Institute (NCI) protocol, for all the novel synthesized compounds at 10 μM concentration. Notably, the initial single-concentration screening revealed that compounds 9a-d exhibited the most potent growth inhibition percentage (GI%) on most of the screened nine panels of cancer, with a mean range of (50.23–189.98 %). The most potent compounds, 9a-c, continued to be tested at concentrations of 0.01, 0.1, 1, 10, and 100 μM to identify the GI50, TGI, and LC50 values and evaluate the compounds' efficacy and selectivity. Compound 9a generally demonstrated broad-spectrum potent growth inhibitory activity (GI50) reaching to nanomolar level (GI50 = 10 nM) against leukemia CCRF-CEM and colon COLO-205 cells. Compound 9b exhibited a leukemia subpanel midpoint inhibitory value (MIDb) of 0.56 μM, with a selectivity ratio (SR) of 9.15 against leukemia cell lines. Additionally, 9b induced apoptosis and caused cell cycle arrest at the G1 phase in leukemia CCRF-CEM cells. The RT-PCR results showed that 9b increased the levels of proapoptotic mediators, Bax, caspase-3, and p53, with values of 8.91, 6.15, and 4.95 fold change, respectively, in addition to the decreased level of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 to 0.372 fold change in the treated CCRF-CEM leukemia cells. Compound 9b was docked to VEGFR-2 (ΔG = −14.1 kcal/mol), suggesting strong interactions within the VEGFR2 active site, comparable to the reference ligand sorafenib (ΔG = −14.8 kcal/mol). The molecular dynamic (MD) simulation (200ns) confirmed the docking results by demonstrating that compound 9b retained stable interactions inside the VEGFR-2 active site throughout the trajectory. Moreover, the MTT viability test for compounds 9a, 9b, and 9c demonstrated less cytotoxicity against normal fibroblast cells (WI38), revealing enhanced safety profiles with IC50 values of 28.04, 219.79, and 43.77 μM, respectively, compared to Sorafenib (IC50 = 26 μM). Enzyme inhibition assays revealed that compounds 9a-c effectively inhibited EGFR and VEGFR-2, confirming the multi-targeting potential of this series of compounds
Sustainable time-dependent intermodal hub-and-spoke logistic network considering hub failure: A mathematical model and a hybrid artificial bee colony algorithm
No full textThis paper addresses the design of a sustainable hub-and-spoke logistics network that integrates intermodal transportation between the hubs, hub failures, time dependency, and environmental parameters. Accordingly, we propose a novel mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) model and a hybrid artificial bee colony-based algorithm (HABCb) to minimize transportation costs and emissions in robust network configurations. The model is the first to simultaneously integrate intermodality, sustainability metrics, and hub disruption scenarios within a single framework. Computational experiments using real-life data from Turkey demonstrate that the proposed HABCb approach outperforms both genetic algorithm (GA) and artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm. On medium-sized problem sets, it achieves average cost reductions of 7% compared to GA and 10% compared to ABC algorithm, while on large-sized problems the reductions are 10% and 15%, respectively. Furthermore, the HABCb approach provides faster convergence and higher-quality solutions for larger problem sizes. The findings highlight the practical and theoretical insights of incorporating sustainability, intermodality, and robustness into hub-and-spoke network design
Comparative mitogenome sequences and phylogenetic relationships of two mongooses (Herpestes ichneumon and Urva auropunctata) from Türkiye and Iraq
No full textMongoose species (Herpestidae) exhibit a wide geographic distribution across Africa, Asia, and several island regions, yet mitogenomic data remain scarce for many taxa and regions. In this study, the complete mitochondrial genomes of the Egyptian mongoose (Herpestes ichneumon) from Türkiye and the small Indian mongoose (Urva auropunctata) from Iraq are analyzed for the first time to explore their genetic structure and phylogenetic relationships within the Herpestidae. The mitogenomes are similar in overall organization and size (16,660 bp in H. ichneumon and 16,761 bp in U. auropunctata), with variations primarily found in the D-loop (control region), which influences genome length through repeated motifs. The Maximum Likelihood (ML) and Bayesian Inference (BI) phylogenetic analyses using complete mitochondrial genome and cytochrome b (CYTB) sequences reinforce the previous findings on Herpestidae phylogeny. Results support the division of Herpestidae into two subfamilies (Herpestinae and Mungotinae), confirm the monophyly of Urva, and highlight the paraphyly of Herpestes. Based on the complete mitogenome sequences, the Iraqi U. auropunctata specimens are clustered with Japanese and Fijian specimens, indicating low level of intraspecific variation. Herpestes ichneumon is clustered with the Galerella sanguine based on the mitogenome sequences. Additionally, H. ichneumon haplotypes are grouped into three haplogroups (Iberian, Levantine, and South African) based on the CYTB sequences, reflecting regional genetic differentiation. Molecular dating estimated Herpestidae diverges from Eupleridae ~ 30.76 million years ago (Mya), with subfamily divergence occurring in the Early Miocene (~ 19.87 Mya). Within Urva, species begin diverging around 12.5 Mya, with U. javanica and U. auropunctata separating ~ 4.67 Mya. Recent divergence is also noted between H. ichneumon specimens from Türkiye and Lebanon (~ 150 Kya) and among U. auropunctata populations from Iraq, Japan, and Fiji (~ 600 Kya), supporting ongoing intraspecific diversification within both species. This study provides valuable insights into the phylogeny and evolutionary history of two mongoose species by comparing the structural and organizational features of their mitogenomes from biogeographically related regions, along with phylogenetic and evolutionary dating analyses based on complete mitogenome and CYTB sequences
Effect of Plain, Concave and Convex Winglet Geometry on Wing Performance at Various Cant Angles
No full textThe wingletslocated at aircraft wing ends are used to increase the aerodynamic performanceand reduce fuel consumption by regulating negatively affecting the performanceat the wings end. Therefore, aircraft wings have a critical importance onaerodynamic efficiency. The most efficient winglet model should be used in eachof the flight positions. This study is aimed to investigate the effects ofconcave, convex, and plain winglet geometry on wing performance. The effects ofplain, concave and convex winglet models with cant angles of 30, 45, and 60°were experimentally investigated at the angles of attack ranging from 0 to 20°.The aerodynamic lift and drag coefficients generated by each design weremeasured in wind tunnel tests conducted at a Reynolds number of 2.5×105,and the effect of the winglet's shape on wing performance was compared. Thedata obtained reveal that various wingtip designs have significant effects onthe aerodynamic properties of the wing. At low, moderate and high angles of attack, thehighest lift is achieved with the 30° cant anglewinglet. The best results for all winglet models in termsof the aerodynamic quality were obtained in the plain winglet model.Furthermore, the aerodynamic quality generally increases with decrease in thecant angles. It is anticipatedthat these findings, obtained from winglet models with various geometricdesigns, could contribute to the development of more efficient winglet geometry.</p