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Is scoliosis related to mastication muscle asymmetry and temporomandibular disorders? A cross-sectional study
Get PDFObjective: Patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) may face motor control problems and health disability barriers during mandibular movements and chewing. However, studies investigating the extent of these disadvantages, and possible associated factors are quite limited in patients with AIS. This study was conducted to gain a deeper perspective on the effect of AIS on temporomandibular disorders (TMD) and to contribute to the small amount of data on this subject. Methods: Twenty-nine patients with AIS and 29 age- and sex-matched asymptomatic controls participated in this cross-sectional study. Cobb's method was used to measure scoliosis curves. In both groups, the volume of the masseter muscle was determined on magnetic resonance imaging, and Helkimo and Fonseca anamnestic indexes were used to evaluate temporomandibular joint (TMJ). Results: It was observed that the TMD symptoms were higher in the AIS group (22.6- Helkimo and 1.2 - Fonseca) than the asymptomatic group (13.6 - Helkimo and 0.7 - Fonseca). There was no significant asymmetry in masseter volume in patients with AIS, however the volume of the masseter muscles was smaller in the AIS group (R = 14.6/L = 13.6) compared to the control group (R = 16.1/L = 16.2). Conclusions: The study results indicate that spinal curvatures affect the anatomical, biomechanical, and kinesiological features of the masticatory system, and individuals with AIS may experience more chewing problems than asymptomatic individuals. Examining musculoskeletal properties of masticatory system can provide information about the limitation of the TMJ in patients with AIS. © 202
Reply to comment on “Choroidal vascularity index in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome”
Get PDFDear Editor, We thank Marino et al. for their kind interest in our study [1]. In their letter to the editor, the authors pointed out that
measurement of choroidal vascularity index (CVI) did not reveal any signifcant change and proposed that it can be due to the so-called blooming efect in the OCT imaging
New silver(I) complex as antibiotic candidate: Synthesis, spectral characterization, DFT, QTAIM and antibacterial investigations and docking properties
Get PDFIn the present work, a newly synthesized silver(I) complex was characterized using elemental analysis, UV–Vis spectroscopy, and infrared spectroscopy. DFT calculations at the B3LYP/LANL2DZ level
were used to investigate structural, electronic, and spectroscopic properties. The intermolecular interactions in the structure were analyzed by topological AIM, RDG, and NBO approaches. Compound [Ag(4-
pyridinecarboxaldehyde)4]NO3 proved to be the most active compound in this study and showed the
highest antibacterial activity against S. aureus ATCC 29,213, S. epidermidis ATCC 35,984 and P. aeruginosa
ATCC 27,853. Test compound was examined for antiquorum-sensing activity against C. violaceum ATCC
12,472 and title compound exhibited good antiquorum-sensing activity. In addition, these compound activity relationships were further supported by in-silico molecular docking studies where some of the active title compound showed maximum dock score
Improving UV Light Photocatalytic Activity of WO3 by Doping with Boron and Compounding with Polypyrrole
Get PDFTungsten oxide (WO3) and boron-doped WO3 (WO3-B) nanoparticles were synthesized using the co-precipitation technique. In addition, as-prepared photocatalysts were compounded with a conducting polymer, polypyrrole (PPy), to prepare PPy/WO3 and PPy/WO3-B composites. The photocatalytic activity of pure WO3, WO3-B, and the PPy composites for decomposing an organic dye, methylene blue, was compared. Doping with boron atoms and/or compounding with polypyrrole improved the photocatalytic performance of WO3, which was probed by performing UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy. The boron doping improved the photocatalytic performance of the WO3 nanoparticles, which was ascribed to reducing the recombination rate of the photoinduced charge carriers and the increase in the number of photogenerated holes on WO3 upon UV light irradiation. Compounding WO3 with polypyrrole enhanced the photocatalytic activity, which was also assigned to the decrease in the recombination rate of the photoexcited charge carriers. © 2022 by the authors
The Relationship Between GPX1 Pro198Leu Manganese Superoxide Dismutase Ala16Val Variants and Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome
Get PDFObjective: To investigate the association between obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), glutathione peroxidase-1 (GPX1) Pro198Leu, and manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) Ala16Val gene polymorphisms. Materials and Methods: The study included 81 patients with OSAS and 75 healthy controls from the Turkish population. Genotypes of the MnSOD rs4880 T/C (Ala16Val) and GPX1 rs1050450 T/C (Pro198Leu) variants were determined via single-nucleotide polymorphisms genotyping analysis, which is based on simple probe melting curve analysis. Results: The frequencies of the MnSOD rs4880 T/T, T/C, and C/C were 35.8%, 50.6%, and 13.5% in patients with OSAS and 34.6%, 49.3%, and 16% in the controls, respectively. No statistically significant difference was determined between patients and controls in terms of MnSOD rs4880 variant genotype and allele distribution (odds ratio: 1.07; 95% confidence interval: 0.68-1.69; p>0.05). The frequencies of the GPX1 rs1050450T/T, T/C, and C/C were 12.0%, 38.5%, and 49.4% in patients with OSAS and 13.1%, 42.1%, and 44.7% in the controls, respectively. No statistically significant difference was determined in the genotype and allele frequencies of the GPX1 rs1050450 variant between the patients and controls (p>0.05). Additionally, the haplotype was examined on the basis of combined genotypes for the two variants in patients with OSAS and controls, which revealed no statistically significant correlation. Conclusion: Our study indicates that two polymorphisms in these antioxidant enzymes were not associated with Turkish patients with OSAS. Further studies may reveal an association between these two polymorphisms with some clinical parameters in patients with OSAS
The Positive Contribution of School Adjustment Activities to the Transition of First Grade Students: A Case Study in Ankara
No full textThe importance of programs that facilitate the transition of students to elementary school in order to support both their academic success and healthy development is undeniable. Therefore, the Ministry of National Education developed the School Adjustment Program in cooperation with UNICEF for first graders and implemented it in all elementary schools in Turkey. The aim of the present study is to examine the contribution of this program to school adjustment, student-teacher relations, peer relations, and various behaviors of elementary school students in first grade. The participants of the study, which is based on ex-post facto design, include 110 classroom teachers working in schools in Ankara during the 2015-2016 and 2016-2017 academic years. While 48 of these teachers implemented the adjustment program activities in their classrooms in 2015; others did not implement these activities in their classrooms in 2016. All the teachers filled in the School Adjustment Teacher Rating Scale, Student-Teacher Relationship Scale, and Child Behavior Scale (683 students engaged in the activities and 520 students did not) to evaluate how various aspects of their students' transition were affected by the program. One-way MANOVA analysis showed that the study group had higher mean scores for collaborative participation, liking school, self-directedness, and closeness to the teacher than the comparison group. Although the aggressive and prosocial behavior scores towards peers were higher in the study group, the partial effect sizes were found to be insignificant. While the scores of school avoidance and conflict with teachers were lower in the study group than in the comparison group, there was no difference between the groups in their scores for asocial behaviors towards peers, hyperactivity/distraction, anxiety/fear, and exclusion by peers. It was concluded that the program contributed to the establishment of close student-teacher relationships in the selected schools and the adjustment of the students to the schools
Evaluation of linear enamel hypoplasia (LEH) in western Anatolian skeletons from the late eastern roman period (Attepe settlements and Derekoy ¨ necropolis)
Get PDFLinear Enamel Hypoplasia (LEH) provides insight of the stresses undergone by ancient communities from a bioarchaeological perspective. This is a first study aiming to determine stress factors causing LEH formation on the teeth of skeletons from two Anatolian rural communities during the Eastern Late Roman era (10th-11th centuries AD). These communities had quite high social complexities and population densities. A total of 638 permanent teeth from 52 adult individuals from these two ancient populations were investigated. The work contributes to understanding of regional archaeological communities of the period. The health conditions and growth processes of both communities were successfully estimated. LEH was mostly observed to affect canine teeth. Infants and children were exposed to severe stress during their lives but in terms of severity and band counts, it is likely that the stress factors did not cause severe damage to these populations
A biological perspective on interpreting interaction effect
Get PDFFactorial experiments are commonly employed in agricultural research as in other branches of applied sciences. In these experiments, inferences related to the interaction are essential. However, many researchers are still unable to analyze this type of experiment and interpret the results in the correct way. This is because researchers focus on interpreting the main effects although there is a significant interaction effect. Of course, meaningful main effects can exist even in the presence of an interaction, especially if interactions do not affect the main effects. Therefore, it is extremely important to understand thoroughly in which situations only the interaction effect(s), in which cases only the main effect(s), and in which cases the interpretation of the main effects will be meaningful although the interaction effect is significant. In this study, evaluating factorial experiments has been discussed in detail, especially in studies related to animal science. It has also been focused on the importance of considering both statistical and practical significance while interpreting the statistical analysis results
Melanocytes as the source of the increased melanisation in pigmented epithelial tumours: a holistic approach
Get PDFBackground/aim: We aimed to elucidate the causes of the increased melanisation in basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and seborrheic keratosis (SK), and the role of melanocytes in this process. Materials and methods: This study was a retrospective-cohort study conducted in the pathology department of a university hospital between January 2019 and October 2020. Forty-nine SK and 30 pigmented BCC were included in our study. SRY-box transcription factor 10 (SOX10), CD68, and Masson???Fontana staining was used for analysis in all samples. A representative section of each specimen was photographed under ??400 magnification to facilitate the assessments of the morphology of the melanocytes and their following morphometric parameters: density, nuclear diameter, and distribution. The density of pigmented keratinocytes in the lesional epidermis was scored. The nuclear diameters of melanocytes located in the nonlesional epidermis, the density of the melanophages, and the presence or absence of ulceration and solar elastosis were also recorded. Results: The morphometric findings confirmed a statistically significant increase in melanocyte density in the BCC group compared with that in the SK group (p < 0.001). Moreover, the nuclear minor diameters in the melanocytes of the BCC sections were significantly higher than those in the SK specimens (p < 0.001). The epidermal melanocytes were distributed diffusely in almost all BCC specimens (96.7%), whereas they were mainly limited to the basal layer in the majority of the SK sections (59.2%). The number of epidermal melanised keratinocytes with a score of 3 was significantly higher in the SK group (n = 31; 63.2%) than in the BCC group (n = 6; 20%) (p = 0.001), and they were the main cells representing the pigmented appearance of the tumours. No significant difference was found between both tumour groups in terms of their melanophage density scores (p = 0.206). Conclusion: This study is the first step towards an objective quantification of the melanocytes in pigmented epithelial tumours and may provide a morphological background for future studies on these skin lesions
Effect of oxidative and non-oxidative conditions on molecular size fractionation of humic acids: TiO2 and Cu-doped TiO2 photocatalysis
Get PDFNatural waters contain some carbonaceous materials referred to as dissolved organic matter, which is mainly composed of humic acids (HA). Owing to its polydispersed character related to the presence of diverse molecular size fractions (< 450 kDa to even < 1 kDa), HA displays curious reactivity in natural waters and during water treatment train. In this study, a system-based stepwise approach was tracked by characterizing HA following photolysis, adsorptive interactions, and solar photocatalysis using bare TiO2, sol-gel prepared TiO2, and their respective Cu-doped specimens complementary to kinetic evaluation on this respect. For this purpose, prior to and following each treatment, HA was monitored by dissolved organic carbon content, UV-vis parameters, and fluorescence features. Attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), surface-enhanced Raman scattering spectroscopy (SERS), XRD, SEM, EDAX XPS, and DRS were used to characterize the materials and solutions reported in this study. Most significant quantitative variations were attained in UV-vis spectroscopic parameters along with fluorescence characteristics; however, infrared and Raman profiles displayed slight deviations in qualitative measures. Differentiation between the selected photocatalyst specimens could be visualized through molecular size effects pointing out the significance of HA 10 kDa fraction. For the first time, this study reports the degradation of specific fractions of HA as a function of their molecular size fraction. Cu-TiO2 seems to photocatalyze more effectively the degradation of the diverse HA fractions due to their more extended absorption of solar light by this photocatalyst