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Sustainable Agrivoltaic Farming: The Role of Mycorrhiza in Promoting Mint Cultivation and High-Quality Essential Oil Production
No full textAgriphotovoltaic (Agri-PV) systems are a dual-purpose solution for resolving land utilization conflicts through combining agricultural practices and photovoltaic power generation. However, the reduced light intensities and altered microclimatic conditions under PV modules may have negative effects on the productivity of crops. This study investigated whether incorporating arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) inoculation into Agri-PV systems could mitigate such limitations for mint cultivation (Mentha arvensis and Mentha × piperita). A field trial was conducted in Bandırma, Türkiye, where both mint species were grown under and between PV panels, with and without AMF. The photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), temperature, fresh biomass, nutrient uptake, and essential oil content were evaluated. PAR was reduced by more than 90% under panels, while air temperatures were 1.0–1.6 °C lower than those in the between-panel areas. AMF inoculation significantly improved the yield and quality. In Mentha arvensis, the fresh herb yield increased by 43.4% (from 10,620 to 15,230 kg ha?1), and the essential oil content reached 10.08% under between-panel mycorrhizal conditions. For Mentha × piperita, the highest menthol concentration (30.38%) was observed exclusively in between-panel plots with AMF. In contrast, the highest oil content (4.50%) was achieved under shaded, mycorrhizal conditions, indicating that both light exposure and microbial interactions shape biochemical responses. This is the first study to demonstrate the synergistic impact of AMF inoculation and agrivoltaic shading on essential oil crops. This paper presents a novel and sustainable model that enhances crop productivity and biochemical quality in solar-integrated agriculture. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved
Impedimetric aptasensors: Emerging tools for sensitive detection in health, food, and environmental monitoring
No full textElectrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS)-based aptasensors combine the high selectivity of aptamers as biorecognition elements with the label-free, sensitive, and noninvasive measurement capabilities of EIS. Owing to these features, they have recently attracted considerable attention, offering a wide range of applications from the early diagnosis of numerous biomarkers in the field of healthcare to food safety and environmental analysis. In this review, the fundamental principles of impedimetric aptasensors are discussed, and studies published over the last two years in the fields of health, food, and environment are comprehensively examined. In this context, recent original research on the development of aptasensors for the detection of various analytes including cancer biomarkers, viral and bacterial pathogens, mycotoxins, antibiotic residues, hormones, and heavy metals has been analyzed in detail. Moreover, recent findings supporting the applicability of these aptasensors in complex biological (e.g. serum, plasma, saliva, urine), food (e.g. milk, fruit juice, cereal products), and environmental (e.g. wastewater, river water) sample matrices have been summarized. Additionally, key application-oriented challenges such as optimization of surface chemistry for aptamer immobilization, minimization of matrix effects, sensor surface stability, repeatability/reproducibility, multiplex detection, and integration into portable platforms have been thoroughly discussed. Furthermore, innovative solutions that could facilitate the transition of this technology into clinical and field applications, as well as future perspectives regarding commercialization, have been presented. In this regard, it is emphasized that impedimetric aptasensors possess strong potential not only at the laboratory scale but also as powerful tools for real-world diagnostic and monitoring applications.Turkish Academy of Sciences (TUBA)A.E. would like to express her gratitude to the Turkish Academy of Sciences (TUBA) as the Principal member for its partial support
Prevalence of self-reported hearing loss and its association with depression in individuals aged 15 years and above in a large-scale representative sample: evidence from a nationwide population-based cross-sectional study
No full textPurpose This study aimed to determine the nationwide prevalence of self-reported hearing loss and depressive symptoms among adults and to evaluate the association between hearing loss severity and depression. Methods This cross-sectional analysis was based on data from 22,725 participants aged >= 15 years who participated in the 2022 T & uuml;rkiye Health Survey. Sampling weights were applied to ensure that the sample was representative of the national population, which corresponds to an estimated 59,281,923 individuals. Hearing loss and depressive symptoms were assessed through self-report and the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-8), respectively. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), adapting comprehensively for sociodemographic variables, lifestyle factors, and chronic comorbidities. Results The mean age of participants was 42.4 years (95% CI: 42.2-42.7; SE: 0.131), with a median of 41 years and a range of 15 to 102 years. The prevalence of any self-reported hearing loss was 9.21% (95% CI: 9.19-9.29), including mild-to-moderate (7.57%, 95% CI: 7.57-7.61) and severe (1.55%, 95% CI: 1.52-1.58). Moderate depressive symptoms were reported by 2.76% (95% CI: 2.71-2.79), and severe depressive symptoms by 1.74% (95% CI: 1.73-1.74). Depression prevalence similarly increased with age and was significantly higher among women (p < 0.001). Among participants without any hearing loss, 19.5% reported at least mild depression. Of note, individuals experiencing any form of hearing loss, 43.5% reported at least mild depressive symptoms. Multivariable analyses indicated a clear dose-dependent association between depressive symptom severity and hearing loss. Compared with normal hearing, mild-to-moderate hearing loss significantly increased odds of moderate (aOR = 2.245, 95% CI: 1.703-2.959, p < 0.001) and severe depressive symptoms (aOR = 3.124, 95% CI: 2.230-4.376, p < 0.001). Severe or CHL further increased the odds of moderate (aOR = 4.158, 95% CI: 2.424-7.132, p < 0.001) and severe depressive symptoms (aOR = 7.174, 95% CI: 4.115-12.506, p < 0.001). Conclusion This nationally representative study demonstrates a significant self-reported burden of hearing loss and depression among individuals in T & uuml;rkiye, highlighting strong, graded associations between hearing loss severity and depressive symptoms. The findings emphasize the importance of integrating audiological and mental health services to identify at-risk populations early and provide timely interventions. Future longitudinal studies should need to first use diagnostic tests to confirm self-reported data, and explore the potential causal relationships and benefits of hearing rehabilitation in reducing depressive symptoms
Web of Science veritabanına dayalı Türkiye'deki hemşirelik yayınlarının bibliyometrik analizi: (1984-2025)
No full textBu çalışmada Web of Science (WoS) veritabanına dayalı Türkiye'deki hemşirelik yayınlarının bibliyometrik analizini değerlendirmek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Araştırmaya 1984-2025 yılları arasında, Türkiye adresli olan 'Nursing' WoS kategorisinde yayımlanan makaleler dahil edilmiştir. Araştırma verileri, VOSViewer ve Bibliometrix yazılımları kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgulara göre, 1984-2025 yılları arasında makalelerin 184 farklı kaynakta yayımlandığı belirlenmiştir. Analizler sonucunda, toplam makale sayısının 8123; yıllık büyüme oranının %18.18; makalelerin ortalama yaşının 5.25 yıl; makale başına düşen ortalama atıf sayısının 9.448; toplam kullanılan kaynakça sayısının 216816; toplam anahtar kelime sayısının 5973 ve yazar anahtar kelime sayısının ise 10340 olduğu belirlenmiştir. Yazar analizi sonucunda, toplam yazar sayısının 10907, tek yazarlı makalelere sahip yazar sayısının ise 271 olduğu bulunmuştur. Çalışmaya yalnızca araştırma makaleleri ve derleme türündeki çalışmalar dâhil edilmiş olup, araştırma makalesi sayısının 7697, derleme makalesi sayısının ise 426 olduğu belirlenmiştir. Yayımlanan makale sayılarının yıllara göre artış gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. En az makalenin 1984 yılında, en çok makalenin ise 2024 yılında yayımlandığı tespit edilmiştir. En fazla atıf alan birinci yayının atıf sayısının 229 olduğu ve çalışmanın kültürlerarası ölçek uyarlama aşamalarını incelediği belirlenmiştir. Yazar işbirliği analizi sonucunda, toplam 16 küme oluştuğu ve en çok iş birliği yapan yazarın "Tastan, S" olduğu belirlenmiştir. Makale sayısı açısından İstanbul Üniversitesi (n = 524), Ege Üniversitesi (n = 518) ve Hacettepe Üniversitesi (n= 495) olduğu belirlenmiştir. En çok tekrarlanan anahtar kelimenin "nursing" olduğu; en çok yayın yapan derginin "Perspectives in Psychiatric Care" olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bununla birlikte 2025 yılında trend konular arasında "yapay zekâ", "bibliometrik analiz", "afet yönetimi", "depremler", "ağrı korkusu" olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, bu araştırmanın bulguları, Türkiye'de hemşirelik alanındaki bilimsel üretimin yıllar içinde önemli bir artış gösterdiğini ve alandaki eğilimlerin, trend konuların ve araştırma boşluklarının belirlenmesine katkı sağlamaktadır.This study was conducted with the aim of evaluating the bibliometric analysis of nursing publications in Turkey based on the Web of Science (WoS) database. The study included articles published between 1984 and 2025 in the 'Nursing' WoS category with a Türkiye address. The research data were analyzed using the VOSViewer and Bibliometrix software. According to the findings, between 1984 and 2025, the articles were published in 184 different sources. The analyses revealed that the total number of articles was 8123; the annual growth rate was 18.18%; the average age of the articles was 5.25 years; the average number of citations per article was 9.448; the total number of references used was 216816; the total number of keywords was 5,973; and the total number of author keywords was 10340. The author analysis showed that the total number of authors was 10907, with 271 authors having single-authored articles. Only research articles and review articles were included in the study, with the number of research articles being 7697 and review articles 426. It was determined that the number of published articles increased over the years. The lowest number of articles was published in 1984, while the highest was published in 2024. The most cited article received 229 citations and examined the stages of cross-cultural scale adaptation. The author collaboration analysis identified 16 clusters, with "Tastan, S" being the author with the highest level of collaboration. In terms of the number of articles, Istanbul University (n = 524), Ege University (n = 518), and Hacettepe University (n = 495) ranked highest. The most frequently used keyword was "nursing," and the journal with the highest number of publications was Perspectives in Psychiatric Care. Furthermore, in 2025, trending topics included "artificial intelligence," "bibliometric analysis," "disaster management," "earthquakes," and "pain-related fear." In conclusion, the findings of this research demonstrate that scientific production in the field of nursing in Türkiye has shown a significant increase over the years, contributing to the identification of trends, emerging topics, and research gaps in the field
Should We Adopt Increased Dilutions for Indirect Immunofluorescence in Pediatric Anti-Centromere Antibody Testing? Insights from a Three-Year Retrospective Study †
No full textBackground/Objectives: Systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases (SARDs) pose diagnostic challenges, particularly in pediatric populations, due to their diverse presentations and overlapping symptoms. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic concordance between indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) at different dilution levels (1/80 and 1/640) and immunoblot findings for anti-centromere antibody (ACA) positivity. Additionally, the clinical significance of ACA positivity and its association with SARDs in pediatric patients was assessed. Methods: This retrospective, cross-sectional study included 58 pediatric patients evaluated for anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) testing at Ege University Hospital from 2019 to 2021. IIF was performed using HEp-20-10 cells and immunoblot testing was conducted to assess CENP-B reactivity. Statistical analyses included chi-square tests, correspondence analysis, and regression modeling to explore the relationship between IIF titers, immunoblot findings, and SARD diagnoses. Results: Among the patients, 62.1% were diagnosed with SARD. Higher IIF titers (?1/640) were strongly associated with CENP-B 3+ immunoblot positivity, while lower titers (1/80 and 1/320) correlated with CENP-B 1+. Patients with IIF positivity at 1/80 were 15.89 times more likely to have SARD (p < 0.001). Correspondence analysis revealed significant associations between IIF dilution levels and immunoblot reactivity (?2 = 37.574, p < 0.000). Gender and age were not significant predictors of SARD positivity. Conclusions: This study highlights the diagnostic value of higher IIF dilution levels (?1/640) in improving ACA detection and SARD diagnosis in pediatric patients. Incorporating complementary diagnostic tools, such as immunoblot testing, can enhance diagnostic accuracy. These findings support adopting higher IIF cutoff levels in clinical practice for pediatric populations. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved
The role of lysine acetylation in metabolic sensing and proteostasis
No full textPost-translational acetylation of lysine residues is a dynamic and reversible modification that plays a pivotal role in regulating protein structure, function, and interactions. This modification is mediated by central metabolite acetyl-CoA and is tightly controlled by the opposing actions of lysine acetyltransferases (KATs) and lysine deacetylases (KDACs), including the NAD+-dependent sirtuins. As a nutrient-sensing post-translational modification (PTM), acetylation is essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis, particularly by modulating proteostasis and metabolic flexibility—the ability of cells to rewire metabolic pathways in response to fluctuating energy demands and nutrient availability. Dysregulation of acetylation has been implicated in the pathogenesis of metabolic disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer. Emerging evidence suggests that targeting acetylation-regulating enzymes with small-molecule inhibitors or activators hold promise for elucidating the role of acetylation in metabolic sensing and protein homeostasis. This review examines the regulation of acetylation across various metabolic states, its impact on metabolic adaptability, and its intricate interplay with proteostasis mechanisms. Additionally, it highlights the role of site-specific acetylation dynamics and sirtuin biology shaping metabolic regulation, providing key insights into the mechanisms underlying metabolic disorders and their progression. Understanding the regulatory mechanisms governing acetylation-dependent metabolic sensing could facilitate the development of precision therapeutics to restore metabolic homeostasis. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved
Status Epilepticus in Critically Ill Children
No full textIntroduction: Status epilepticus (SE) is a neurological emergency that requires rapid and accurate management. SE is a condition in which the mechanisms that terminate seizures fail or the mechanisms that lead to abnormally prolonged seizures are activated. Refractory SE (RSE) refers to ongoing seizure activity despite adequate treatment with benzodiazepines and at least one non-benzodiazepine anticonvulsant. Super-RSE is defined as SE that continues for 24 hours or longer. Methods: This review outlines the current clinical definitions, management protocols, and therapeutic strategies for SE, with a focus on pediatric patients. Initial assessment and stabilization should be performed promptly, including mandatory evaluation of the patient's blood glucose and other electrolite levels. Appropriate dextrose treatment should be administered to patients with hypoglycemia. Following the initial assessment, first-line treatments-such as intravenous diazepam, intramuscular midazolam, or rectal diazepam-should be administered based on vascular access and body weight. If the patient does not respond to first-line treatments and the seizures persist, second-line treatments-such as levetiracetam, phenytoin, valproic acid, or phenobarbital-should be selected and administered by the physician. Patients unresponsive to second-line therapy should be managed in a pediatric intensive care unit in collaboration with a pediatric neurologist. For patients unresponsive to second-line therapies, third-line treatments may include continuous infusions of midazolam, ketamine, thiopental, or propofol. There is no standardized protocol for transitioning from continuous infusion therapy to intermittent therapy. Results: In cases of RSE where autoinflammatory or autoimmune processes, or cryptogenic new-onset RSE are suspected, immunomodulatory therapies (such as corticosteroids, intravenous immunoglobulin, plasmapheresis, etc.) should be considered. Other therapies like ketogenic diet, hypothermia, and neurosurgery may be applied in selected patients. Continuous electroencephalography monitoring should be used in the management of status epilepticus. Conclusion: Mortality due to status epilepticus can be as high as 3%, because of these patients to be followed up jointly by pediatric neurologist and pediatric intensivist and to be monitored in the pediatric intensive care unit
Radiosynthesis and preclinical evaluation of [99mTc]Tc-HYNIC-durvalumab for immuno-SPECT imaging of PD-L1 expression in tumor models
No full textAccurate, non-invasive measurement of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression is crucial for the optimization of immune checkpoint inhibitor cancer treatments. We describe the radiosynthesis and preclinical assessment of a new technetium-99m (Tc-99m) conjugated immuno-SPECT agent, [Tc-99m]Tc-HYNIC-durvalumab, for PD-L1 imaging in vivo. Durvalumab was conjugated with hydrazinonicotinamide (HYNIC) through lysine residues using an N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) ester-based method and subsequently radiolabeled with technetium-99m (Tc-99m) in the presence of tricine and ethylenediamine-N,N '-diacetic acid (EDDA) as co-ligands. Radiochemical purity, physicochemical stability in physiologically relevant media, and immunoreactivity were determined. Specific binding affinity and kinetics of internalization were studied in PD-L1-positive A549 cells. Biodistribution and SPECT imaging were carried out in A549 xenograft-bearing mice and rabbits. Specificity was confirmed by co-injection with an excess of unlabeled durvalumab. Tc-99m-HYNIC-Durvalumab had 98.14 +/- 0.27 % radiochemical purity and good stability (>90 % intact at 4 h in serum). The tracer showed high PD-L1 affinity and extensive receptor-mediated binding (28.54 +/- 0.65 % at 4 h). In vivo, tumor uptake at 4 h post-injection was 6.42 +/- 0.11 %ID/g, significantly reduced by co-administration of excess unlabeled antibody (1.56 +/- 0.05 %ID/g, p < 0.01). Tumor-to-background ratio was 3.84, allowing for high-contrast SPECT imaging that accurately defined PD-L1-expressing tumors. These findings support Tc-99m-HYNIC-Durvalumab to be a highly specific, stable, and clinically translatable SPECT radiotracer for quantitative PD-L1 expression imaging. This agent has great promise to enable patient stratification and therapeutic monitoring in immuno-oncology. Further studies toward clinical translation is warranted
Deep learning classification and object detection in helicopter images: Performance analysis of GoogleNet, AlexNet and YOLOv9c architectures
No full textHelicopter imaging classification and detection are crucial for autonomous navigation, military operations, search and rescue, and civil aviation management. This study utilized two helicopter image datasets, applying data augmentation techniques such as random resizing, cutting, horizontal rotation, rotation, and color adjustments, along with histogram equalization for contrast enhancement. Twenty-four helicopter classes were trained using GoogleNet and AlexNet architectures, while the YOLOv9c model was employed for object detection. The results revealed that the GoogleNet classification model achieved an 81% F1 score, and AlexNet reached 73%. In contrast, the YOLOv9c model demonstrated an average mean Average Precision (mAP) of 87%. These findings indicate that CNN architectures and YOLO are effective for helicopter image classification and detection, highlighting their potential applications in military, search and rescue, and civil aviation contexts
Farklı basamak türlerinin 3 boyutlu yazıcıyla üretilen daimi restorasyonların kırılma direncine etkisinin akustik emisyonla incelenmesi
No full textAmaç: Üç boyutlu (3D) baskı, daimi dental restorasyonların üretiminde kullanımı sıklaşan bir teknik olarak olsa da, servikal basamak türü seçimi, simantasyon metodu ve yapay yaşlandırmanın kırılma direnci üzerindeki etkileri hâlâ net değildir. Bu in vitro çalışmanın amacı, 3D yazıcıyla üretilen daimi premolar kronların yüksek kırılma direncine sahip olmaları için en uygun preparasyon tasarımı ve simantasyon yöntemini, hemen simantasyon sonrasında ve yapay yaşlandırma sonrasında belirlemektir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Toplam 120 adet kron, çekilmiş üst çene ikinci küçük azı dişlerine uygun olarak 3D baskı yöntemi ile üretildi ve 12 test grubuna ayrıldı (n=10). Diş preparasyonları, standart oklüzal redüksiyon miktarı ve oklüzal yaklaşım açısına sahip olacak şekilde chamfer, shoulder (yuvarlatılmış omuz) veya knife edge (bıçak sırtı) servikal basamak tasarımlarına uygun şekilde yapıldı. Kronların yarısı self adeziv rezin siman ile diğer yarısı ise geleneksel cam iyonomer siman ile simante edildi. Örneklerin yarısı 24 saat sonra, diğer yarısı ise yapay yaşlandırma (1.200.000 siklik yükleme, 10.000 termal siklüs ve 6 aylık yapay tükrükte depolama) sonrasında test edildi. Kırılma direnci, evrensel test cihazı kullanılarak değerlendirildi. Başlangıç çatlak ilerlemesi ve ilk kırılma dayanımlarını tespit etmek için akustik emisyon analiz sistemi kullanıldı. Başarısızlık türleri, stereomikroskopi ve SEM (taramalı elektron mikroskobu) ile değerlendirildi. İstatistiksel analiz, üç yönlü ANOVA ile gerçekleştirildi (α =0.05). Bulgular: İlk kırılma dayanımı değerlerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark bulunmamıştır (p<0,05). Final kırılma dayanımı değerleri; servikal basamak tasarımı, siman türü ve yaşlandırma uygulamaları arasındaki etkileşimden anlamlı düzeyde etkilenmiştir. Knife edge basamak tasarımı ile birlikte kullanılan self adeziv rezin simanın en yüksek final kırılma dayanımına sahip olduğu bulunmuştur. Sonuç: Minimal invaziv servikal basamak tasarımı –özellikle knife-edge tasarımı– self adeziv rezin simanlarla birlikte kullanıldığında, 3D yazıcıyla üretilen daimi kronlarda mekanik performansı artırabilir.Aim. While 3D-printing has emerged as a viable technique for fabricating permanent restorations, the influence of cervical finish line design, cementation strategy and artificial aging on the fracture resistance remains unclear. Purpose. This in-vitro study aimed to identify the optimal preparation design and cementation method on the fracture resistance of 3D-printed permanent premolar crowns immediately or after aging. Materials and Methods. A total of 120 3D-printed crowns were fabricated for extracted maxillary second premolars and divided into 12 test groups (n=10). Tooth preparations included chamfer, shoulder or knife-edge designs with uniform occlusal reduction and convergence angles. Crowns were cemented either with self-adhesive resin cement or conventional glass ionomer cement and tested after either 24 h or after artificial aging (1.200.000 load cycles, 10.000 thermocycles and 6-month storage in artificial saliva). Fracture resistance was evaluated using a universal testing machine. Acoustic emission analysis was employed to detect initial crack propagation and initial failure. Failure modes were assessed using stereomicroscopy and SEM. Statistical analysis was performed by a 3-way ANOVA (α=0.05). Results. No statistically significant differences were found in initial failure loads (p<0.05). Final fracture resistance was significantly influenced by the interaction of finish line design, cement type and aging. Knife edge designs combined with self-adhesive resin cement exhibited superior performance. Conclusions. Minimally invasive finish lines, particularly knife-edge finish lines combined with self-adhesive resin cements, may provide enhanced mechanical performance in 3D-printed permanent crowns