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Yield and Quality Effects of Co-cultivating Barley and Triticale with Legumes in Hydroponic Fodder Production
No full textBackground: The rising demand for sustainable farming practices, especially in regions with constrained land and water resources, has led to the spread of hydroponic systems for green fodder production. Cereals are commonly used in these systems due to their high adaptability, biomass production and ability to meet livestock energy requirements. However, integrating legumes into these cereal-based systems offers potential nutritional benefits, such as increased protein content and improved feed digestibility, which are essential for optimizing livestock productivity. Methods: This study evaluated the effects of co-cultivating barley and triticale with various legumes (common vetch, forage pea, soybean and sunn hemp) on the yield and quality in hydroponic fodder production. The experiment was conducted using a randomized complete block design with three replications, involving mixture ratios of 0%, 5%, 10% and 20% legumes. Some parameters were evaluated: vegetation height, forage yield, dry matter, crude protein, crude ash, crude fat, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, metabolizable energy, digestible dry matter, dry matter intake, relative feed quality and some mineral contents (Ca, Mg, K, P). Data were analyzed using ANOVA to determine significant effects of treatments. Result: The inclusion of legumes, particularly at 5% and 10% mixture ratios, significantly improved forage yield and key quality traits, such as crude protein content, digestible dry matter, metabolizable energy and relative feed value. Mixtures containing 10% legumes consistently performed best, balancing yield and quality traits. Both barley-and triticale-based mixtures containing 10% soybean and forage pea demonstrated the most promising results, offering high yields and a favorable nutrient composition. Legume supplementation also increased mineral content while reducing neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber, thereby improving overall digestibility. Additionally, triticale was also found to be a suitable substitute for barley in hydroponic systems. These findings suggest that the co-cultivation barley and triticale with legumes can enhance the nutritional composition and productivity of hydroponic fodder, providing a sustainable solution for livestock feed production. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved
Eccentric and Leap Eccentric Connectivity Indices of Some Mycielski Graphs
No full textIn graph theory, topological indices are frequently studied parameters both theoretically and in terms of applications. Two significant indices among these are the eccentric connectivity index and the leap eccentric connectivity index. The eccentric connectivity index value is calculated as the sum of the products of the eccentricity and degree values of the vertices. The leap eccentric connectivity index value is the sum of the products of the eccentricity value of the vertices and their second-degree values. The second-degree value of a vertex is the number of vertices at a distance of two from it. In this study, we examined the Mycielski Graph structure, which structurally resembles the form of chemical molecules. We obtained results for the eccentric and leap eccentric connectivity indices of some special Mycielski Graphs
The Impact of Ghrelin on Intrauterine Adhesions: Insights from Experimental Models
No full textObjective : This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effects of ghrelin, a 28-amino acid peptide hormone with immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, antifibrotic, and antioxidant properties, on intrauterine adhesions (IUA) in a rat model. Methods : Twenty-eight adult female rats were divided into four groups: control, IUA model, low-dose ghrelin (20 ng/kg), and high-dose ghrelin (40 ng/kg). IUA was induced using 0.2 ml of trichloroacetic acid (TCA) injected into the right uterine horn. After three estrous cycles, rats received ghrelin injections under radiological guidance into the uterine cavity for seven days. Uterine tissues were collected for histological examination and immunohistochemical analysis targeting markers such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), type 1 collagen, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF alpha), fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2), and hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1 alpha). Results : Ghrelin administration resulted in significant weight gain starting from day 5 (p < 0.001). The IUA group exhibited the lowest uterine wall thickness, which improved dose-dependently with ghrelin treatment (p < 0.001). Histopathological findings in the IUA group included epithelial degeneration, lumen narrowing, inflammation, fibrosis, and glandular atrophy, all of which were reversed with ghrelin. Immunohistochemical analysis showed the highest expression of type 1 collagen, TNF alpha, HIF-1 alpha, and FGF2 in the IUA group, which decreased dose-dependently with ghrelin (p < 0.001). Conversely, VEGF expression, which was lowest in the IUA group, increased significantly with ghrelin administration in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusions : Ghrelin demonstrated favorable therapeutic effects in reversing histological and molecular alterations associated with intrauterine adhesions. These findings suggest that ghrelin may represent a promising candidate for IUA treatment, warranting further experimental and clinical investigation.Ege University Office of Scientific Research Projects [TYL-2022-23718]The English text of this paper has been edited by Ruzgar Didem EROGLU. This work was supported by the Ege University Office of Scientific Research Projects [Grant number TYL-2022-23718]
The impact of smoking on nivolumab outcomes in renal cell carcinoma: real-world data from the Turkish Oncology Group Kidney Cancer Consortium
No full textBackground: The study aims to evaluate the effect of smoking status on treatment results in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) treated with nivolumab in the second and following lines of therapy. Materials and Methods: The Turkish Oncology Group Kidney Cancer Consortium (TKCC) database was used to extract retrospective data from patients with metastatic RCC treated with nivolumab in the second line and beyond. Patients were evaluated according to their smoking status. Results: A total of 247 patients were evaluated. The majority of the current smokers were male (93.8%, P = .002). Nivolumab is mainly used in the second-line therapy (84.2%). Median time to treatment failure (TTF) and median overall survival were shorter in patients with currently smoking (10.81 vs. 4.11 months, P < .001 and 32.33 vs. 16.76 months, P < .049, respectively). Multivariate analysis showed that current smoking status was an independent adverse factor on median TTF (HR 2.06 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.20-3.54, P = .009) and median OS (, HR 2.06, 95% CI = 1.25-3.38, P = .004) in metastatic RCC patients treated with nivolumab in the second line and beyond. Conclusions: Current smoking status is an independent adverse prognostic factor for both TTF and OS in patients with metastatic RCC treated with nivolumab in the second line and beyond
Genome-wide association study for resistance to Macrophomina phaseolina in maize (Zea mays L.)
No full textMaize (Zea mays L.) is a frequently used food source in human and animal nutrition. Macrophomina phaseolina is a fungal pathogen causing charcoal rot disease in many plants, especially maize. This pathogen causes high yield losses in maize. The development of resistant maize genotypes is of great importance in controlling this disease. In this study, the population structure of 120 different maize genotypes with varying levels of disease resistance was determined and genome-wide association studies were performed. Each genotype was subjected to the pathogen under controlled conditions and their phenotypic responses to the disease were analyzed. Afterwards, single nucleotide polymorphisms were determined by DArT-seq sequencing. After filtering the SNP data, 37,470 clean SNPs were obtained. The population structure was analyzed with STRUCTURE software, and it was determined that the population was divided into two subgroups. The relationship between phenotypic and genotypic data was analyzed using the MLM (Q + K) model in TASSEL software. As a result, seven SNPs markers located on four different chromosomes were associated with disease resistance. The related markers can be used in the future for the development of maize varieties resistant to M. phaseolina by marker-assisted selection.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye [121O537]We gratefully acknowledge the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye for their support, under grant number 121O537
Makroalg ekstrelerinin DNA topoizomeraz enzimleri üzerindeki inhibisyon aktivitelerinin incelenmesi
Get PDFYapılan tez çalışmasında 11 farklı istasyondan, 17 farklı makroalg türü toplanmış ve bu örnekler etanol ile ekstrakte edilerek etanol ekstreleri hazırlanmıştır. Elde edilen ekstreler farklı konsantrasyonlarda seyreltilip, topoizomeraz I ve topoizomeraz II inhibisyon aktivitelerine detaylı olarak bakılmıştır. Ulva lactuca Linnaeus, Codium fragile (Suringar) Hariot, Codium bursa (Linnaeus) C.Agardh, Ulva Linnaeus, Udotea flabellum (J.Ellis & Solander) M.Howe, Caulerpa cylindracea Sonder, Gracilaria gracilis (Stackhouse) Steentoft, L.M.Irvine & Farnham, Acanthophora nayadiformis (Delile) Papenfuss, Gigartina acicularis (Roth) J.V.Lamouroux, Liagora viscida (Forsskål) C.Agardh, Spyridia filamentosa (Wulfen) Harvey, Grateloupia turuturu Y.Yamada, Padina pavonica (Linnaeus) Thivy, Halopteris scoparia (Linnaeus) Sauvageau, Sargassum vulgare C. Agardh, Dictyota dichotoma (Hudson) J.V. Lamouroux, Stypopodium schimperi (Kützing) Verlaque & Boudouresque. Çalışmadan elde edilen sonuçlar, topoizomeraz I enzim aktivitesinin inhibisyonunda yeşil alglerden Ulva sp. ve kırmızı alglerden Grateloupia turuturu'nun en yüksek aktiviteyi gösterdiğini ortaya koymuştur. Topoizomeraz II enzim aktivitesinin inhibisyonunda ise kahverengi alglerden Sargassum vulgare, yeşil alglerden Ulva sp. ve Udotea flabellum, kırmızı alglerden ise Grateloupia turuturu en yüksek inhibisyon aktivitesine sahip türler olarak belirlenmiştir. Bu tez çalışmasını, 121Z249 nolu TÜBİTAK 1001 projesi ile destekleyen TÜBİTAK'a ve 2023-A4-02-32626 nolu projesi ile destekleyen TÜSEB'e teşekkür ederim.In this thesis, 17 different macroalgal species were collected from 11 different stations, extracted with ethanol and ethanol extracts were obtained. The obtained extracts were diluted at different concentrations, and their topoisomerase I and topoisomerase II inhibition activities were analyzed in detail. Ulva lactuca Linnaeus, Codium fragile (Suringar) Hariot, Codium bursa (Linnaeus) C.Agardh, Ulva Linnaeus, Udotea flabellum (J.Ellis & Solander) M.Howe, Caulerpa cylindracea Sonder, Gracilaria gracilis (Stackhouse) Steentoft, L.M.Irvine & Farnham, Acanthophora nayadiformis (Delile) Papenfuss, Gigartina acicularis (Roth) J.V.Lamouroux, Liagora viscida (Forsskål) C.Agardh, Spyridia filamentosa (Wulfen) Harvey, Grateloupia turuturu Y.Yamada, Padina pavonica (Linnaeus) Thivy, Halopteris scoparia (Linnaeus) Sauvageau, Sargassum vulgare C. Agardh, Dictyota dichotoma (Hudson) J.V.Lamouroux, Stypopodium schimperi (Kützing) Verlaque & Boudouresque. The results of the study revealed that Ulva sp. from green algae and Grateloupia turuturu from red algae exhibited the highest activity in the inhibition of topoisomerase I enzyme activity. In the inhibition of topoisomerase II enzyme activity, Sargassum vulgare from brown algae, Ulva sp. and Udotea flabellum from green algae, and Grateloupia turuturu from red algae were identified as the species with the highest inhibition activity. I would like to thank TÜBİTAK for supporting this thesis study through the TÜBİTAK 1001 project with the project number 121Z249, and TÜSEB for their support through the project number 2023-A4-02-32626
The effect of the theory of planned behavior based hand hygiene intervention program on the health outcomes and school absenteeism of the primary school students: Quasi-experimental study
No full textBackground: Acute upper respiratory tract infections are the most common infections among school children. Improving water, sanitation, and hygiene facilities in schools is an important intervention for the healthy development of children. The most important component of this intervention is hand washing, which is the primary infection control measure. Aim: This study aims to test the effect of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) based hand hygiene intervention program on the health outcomes and school absenteeism of students. Method: The study is quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest control groups. The study was conducted with 159 students (intervention: 82, control: 77) in two separate primary schools that were assigned to intervention and control groups. The intervention group were applied a TPB-based hand hygiene intervention program for the school children. The data were collected using the Student Questionnaire, Hand Hygiene Assessment Question Form, and Surveillance Form. Findings: The mean Hand Hygiene Assessment Question Form Hand Hygiene Behavior scores did not differ between the groups in the pre- and posttest (p >.05). In the posttest, the frequency of encountering a ten-week-upper respiratory tract infection symptom (U = 5277.50 p <.0001), school absenteeism days (p =.046) and absenteeism episodes (p =.043) was lower in the intervention group than in the control group. Conclusions: The findings suggest that was concluded that the TPB-based hand hygiene intervention program did not make a difference in creating hand hygiene behavior in school children compared to the classical education. The program was effective in reducing upper respiratory tract infections and school absenteeism due to these infections. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved
Condition index, meat yield and reproductive cycle of smooth donax, Donax variegatus (Donacidae, Gmelin 1791) in the Eastern Mediterranean
No full textDonax variegatus (Gmelin, 1791) is a small tiny marine bivalve mollusc which is naturally spreaded out in the sandy shores of the Aegean Sea. Although it has recently being used in biomarker studies, there is lack of knowledge on the reproductive cycle of this species. The goal of this study was to evaluate meat yield, condition index, gonad index, gametogenic cycle of Donax variegatus. Donax variegatus specimens were collected monthly between March 2016 and February 2017from the sandy shore of İzmir coast which is located in the Aegean Sea in Eastern Mediterranean. Flesh and gonad tissues were dissected to evaluate condition index, meat yield and histological gonad analysis. Meat yield peaked in April (22.10%) and remained high throughout winter. The condition index rate was the highest in December (20.40%) and April (22.74%) and lowest in October (4.30%). It was observed that gametogenetic activity is synchronized throughout the year for both female and male individuals and spawning has peaked while the water temperature was ranging between 24,1 °C (May) and 28,3 °C (September). It was determined that abiotic factors such as water temperature and nutrient amount, affects gametogenetic activity and morphological indexes (p<0.05)
Does Favipiravir interact with DNA? Design of electrochemical DNA nanobiosensor to investigate the interaction between DNA and Favipiravir used in the treatment of COVID-19
No full textThe SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) outbreak has presented a global challenge for both rapid diagnostic tests and therapeutic drugs. In this context, the electrochemical DNA-based biosensor was designed for the investigation of DNA and Favipiravir (FAV) which was one of the drugs used in patients infected SARS-CoV-2 during the pandemic interaction by using bare and multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNTs) modified disposable pencil graphite electrode (PGE) for the first time. This drug and its derivatives were used extensively during the pandemic period, and the possible effects of Favipiravir on DNA have not yet been investigated in detail with electrochemical (nano) biosensor technologies. In this study, both the standard form of FAV and the tablet form were used and tested with differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) to compare their effects on DNA. Besides, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used for the characterization of the developed MWCNTs modified electrochemical DNA biosensor. It was observed that FAV interacts with DNA and causes a significant decrease in the guanine oxidation signal at about +1.00 V. The designed MWCNT-based nanobiosensor was able to detect DNA-Favipiravir drug interaction in FAV concentration as low as 0.66 mu g/mL (LOD) with a linear range from 150 to 500 mu g/mL. Rapid analysis due to short interaction time (nearly 32 min) was performed.Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkiye, TUBITAK [1919B012200707]; TUBITAKThis work was supported by the Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkiye, TUBITAK, in the scope of TUBITAK-2209-A UNIVERSITY STUDENTS RESEARCH PROJECTS SUPPORT (Project No. 1919B012200707) . The authors acknowledge TUBITAK for their financial support. The authors also acknowledge TOBIO Novelfarma Pharmaceutical Industry and Trade Inc. (Istanbul, Turkiye) for supplying standard and drug forms of FAV
Checklist of marine pelagic diatoms from the Turkish side of the Aegean Sea
No full textBu çalışma, Ege Denizi’nin Türkiye kıyılarında kaydedilen denizel diyatom türlerine ilişkin bir kontrol listesi oluşturmak amacıyla 41 literatür çalışmasının değerlendirilmesiyle hazırlanmıştır. Bölgedeki pelajik sularda toplamda 75 cinse ait 194 diyatom türü tespit edilmiş olup, bunlardan 32’si zararlı tür kategorisine girmektedir. Bu türler arasında bazıları aşırı üreme göstermiştir. Bu çalışma, özellikle moleküler tekniklerin sınırlı kullanımı ve bazı türlerin domoik asit üretme potansiyeline sahip olmasına rağmen, bu bölgede toksisite değerlendirmelerinin eksikliği gibi önemli araştırma boşluklarını ortaya çıkarmaktadır. Gelecekteki araştırmalar, tür tespitinin doğruluğunu artırmak, zararlı alg üreme (HAB) risklerini değerlendirmek ve uzun vadeli izleme stratejilerini güçlendirmek için moleküler yöntemlerin ve domoik asit analizlerinin entegrasyonuna öncelik vermelidir. Ayrıca, tür kontrol listelerinin düzenli olarak güncellenmesi, kapsamlı veri setlerinin oluşturulması, biyolojik çeşitlilik değerlendirmelerinin geliştirilmesi ve Ege Denizi’nin Türkiye kıyılarındaki fitoplankton araştırmalarının ilerletilmesi açısından kritik öneme sahiptir.This study presents a comprehensive checklist of marine diatoms recorded along the Turkish coast of the Aegean Sea, based on the evaluation of 41 literature studies. A total of 194 diatom species, belonging to 75 genera, were identified in the pelagic waters of the region, with 32 species recognized as harmful. Among them, several species exhibited bloom events or reached high cell concentrations. The study also highlights significant research gaps, particularly the limited application of molecular techniques and some species are known to have domoic acid-producing potential, but their toxicity remains unexamined in this region due to the lack of dedicated studies. Future research should prioritize integrating molecular methods and domoic acid analyses to improve species identification, assess harmful algal bloom (HAB) risks, and strengthen long-term monitoring strategies. Furthermore, regularly updating species checklists is essential for developing comprehensive datasets, enhancing biodiversity assessments, and advancing phytoplankton research along the Turkish coast of the Aegean Sea