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A systematic review of health promoting effects of consumption of whey-based fermented products on adults
No full textIntroduction: Fermented whey-based products show significant potential as functional foods, owing to their rich nutritional profile and the generation of bioactive compounds during fermentation. This systematic narrative review evaluates the health effects of fermented-whey consumption based on evidence from human studies in adults. Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted using electronic databases including, PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library for studies published between 1.1.1970 and 31.12.2024. All human clinical studies conducted with adults over 18 years old were included in this study. Inclusion criteria were randomized controlled trials and clinical studies involving adults consuming fermented whey products. Data extraction and quality assessment were performed using CADIMA software and standardized protocols. Studies identified by the search strategy and extracted data were screened independently by 2 reviewers using the CADIMA software. Risk of bias was assessed using the Risk of Bias 2 tool. Results: After screening 1852 titles and abstracts and assessing 20 articles for eligibility, a total of 12 human intervention studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the systematic narrative review. Consumption of fermented whey products was associated with improvements in muscle mass, glycemic control, lipid profiles (notably triglycerides and LDL cholesterol), immune function (e.g., increased natural killer cell activity), and reductions in oxidative stress and inflammation. Some studies also reported benefits for gastrointestinal and urinary tract health. The health effects were attributed to increased bioavailability of branched-chain amino acids, bioactive peptides, and microbial metabolites such as exopolysaccharides and short-chain fatty acids. Most interventions were well tolerated, with no serious adverse effects reported. Conclusion: Fermented whey products demonstrate promising health benefits across multiple physiological systems. While current evidence supports their use as functional food ingredients, further large-scale, long-term clinical trials are needed to confirm efficacy and elucidate mechanisms of action. Fermented whey appears to be a safe and versatile option for enhancing adult nutrition and health.COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology) [PIMENTO CA20128]The author(s) declare that financial support was received for the research and/or publication of this article. The work was supported by PIMENTO CA20128 by COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology)
The Importance of Cyprus for the Indian Route in the Second Half of the 19th Century and Its Effect on British Foreign Policy
No full textXIX. yüzyılda İngiltere’nin küresel güç konumunu pekiştirmesinde Hindistan’ın stratejik önemi belirleyici bir unsur olmuştur. İngiltere, Hindistan’a giden yolları güvence altına almak amacıyla Akdeniz, Kızıldeniz ve Süveyş Kanalı gibi kritik bölgelerde kontrol sağlamaya çalışmıştır. Bu çerçevede Mısır, Kıbrıs ve Orta Doğu, İngiliz dış politikasının merkezinde yer almış, İngiltere bu bölgelerde ekonomik, askerî ve siyasi nüfuzunu artırarak Hindistan’ın güvenliğini sağlamayı hedeflemiştir. Bu bağlamda Kıbrıs’ın, İngiltere için stratejik açıdan değerli bir üs olarak ortaya çıktığı görülmektedir. 1878’de Kıbrıs Antlaşması ile İngiltere, Osmanlı Devleti’ne destek verme bahanesiyle Kıbrıs’ın kontrolünü “geçici” olarak ele geçirmiştir. Bu anlaşma İngiltere’nin Doğu Akdeniz’deki varlığını güçlendirirken, Hindistan ile Mısır’a giden ticaret yollarının güvence altına alınması amacını gerçekleştirmekteydi. Dolayısıyla İngiltere’nin Kıbrıs’a olan ilgisi, Hindistan ve Mısır’ın stratejik önemine odaklanan daha geniş bir jeopolitik stratejinin parçası olarak anlaşılmalıdır. İngiltere, Osmanlı’yı Rus yayılmacılığına karşı desteklerken, Osmanlı’nın zayıflamasıyla birlikte daha müdahaleci bir politika izlemiş ve Kıbrıs ile Mısır’ı doğrudan kontrol altına almıştır. İngiltere’nin Hindistan merkezli stratejik hamleleri, XIX. yüzyıl boyunca küresel dengelerde belirleyici bir etken olmuştur. Bu çalışma, XIX. yüzyılın ikinci yarısında, Hindistan ve Mısır politikaları çerçevesinde Kıbrıs’ın İngilizler için önemini konu almaktadır.In the 19th century, India played a decisive role in consolidating Britain’s global power. To secure the routes leading to India, Britain sought control over key strategic regions such as the Mediterranean, the Red Sea, and the Suez Canal. Within this framework, Egypt, Cyprus, and the Middle East became central to British foreign policy, as Britain aimed to strengthen its economic, military, and political influence in these areas to ensure the security of India. In this context, Cyprus emerged as a strategically valuable base for Britain. With the Cyprus Convention of 1878, Britain took control of the island under the pretext of supporting the Ottoman Empire, albeit on a “temporary” basis. This agreement not only reinforced Britain’s presence in the Eastern Mediterranean but also served to secure trade routes to India and Egypt. Thus, Britain’s interest in Cyprus should be understood as part of a broader geopolitical strategy centered on the strategic importance of India and Egypt. While Britain initially supported the Ottoman Empire against Russian expansion, its policies became more interventionist as the Ottoman Empire weakened, ultimately leading to direct British control over Cyprus and Egypt. Britain’s India-centered strategic maneuvers played a crucial role in shaping global power dynamics throughout the 19th century. This study examines the significance of Cyprus for Britain in the second half of the 19th century within the context of its policies toward India and Egypt
Differences in menstrual symptoms and practices among university students: A comparison of Turkish Republics, Middle Eastern, and African Countries
No full textObjective: This study aimed to determine the differences in menstrual symptoms and practices among university students from Turkish Republics, African, and Middle Eastern countries. Methodology: This study is a cross-sectional research conducted among international and domestic female students studying at a university in western Turkey. The sample consisted of 714 female students determined by the sampling method for a known population. The data of the study were collected online in the 2022-2023 academic year via the Personal Information Form and Menstrual Symptom Questionnaire. Mann-Whitney U test was used for the comparison of two independent groups, the Kruskal Wallis H test was used for the comparison of more than two independent groups, and the chi-square test was used for the comparison of categorical data. Results: The mean age of the students participating in the study was 21.49 +/- 1.80 years and 81.1% of the students were from Turkish Republics, 14.6% were Middle Eastern, and 4.3% were African. 98.7% of the students were single, and 90.1% had lived in urban areas. Turkish Republic students had less frequency of product changing during menstruation, more information about perineal hygiene during menstruation, use of cotton underwear, proper cleansing in the toilet, and standing showering during menstruation compared to other students (p<0.05). African and Middle Eastern students reported a higher frequency of not mentioning the continuation of sexual intercourse during menstruation compared to Turkish Republic students (p<0.05). Conclusions: The research has shown that there are international differences in the symptoms and practices related to menstruation among female students from different cultures and nationalities
Outcome of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in 19 patients with alpha-mannosidosis
No full text[Abstract Not Acaileble
THE REFLECTIONS OF THE DIGITAL AGE ON KANUN EDUCATION: THE USE OF QR CODES
No full textInstrument training is a fundamental component of music education, aiming to enhance musical understanding, develop skills, and foster creativity through learning to play an instrument. Over the past decades, rapid technological advancements have impacted various fields, particularly education, leading to new approaches, applications, and innovations. The widespread adoption of digitalization, an outcome of technological progress, has expanded and diversified educational tools, requiring educators to integrate them into their teaching methods. The Covid-19 pandemic in 2020, which posed serious health risks, made adaptation to digital education essential. The increasing integration of technology in education has enabled the development of new teaching and learning methods. One such approach, blended learning, combines face-to-face and online environments, merging traditional classroom activities with digital resources such as online study materials. In this context, the present study examines the role of QR codes in Kanun education, a traditional Turkish musical instrument, within the framework of digitalization. Following a case study approach, the research analyzes previous studies on QR code use in Kanun instruction. The study explores the effects of QR codes through sample exercises on digital platforms. Moreover, beginner-level exercises incorporating audiovisual support are proposed to enrich Kanun education and foster a more interactive learning experience.Instrument training is a fundamental component of music education, aiming to enhance musical understanding, develop skills, and foster creativity through learning to play an instrument. Over the past decades, rapid technological advancements have impacted various fields, particularly education, leading to new approaches, applications, and innovations. The widespread adoption of digitalization, an outcome of technological progress, has expanded and diversified educational tools, requiring educators to integrate them into their teaching methods. The Covid-19 pandemic in 2020, which posed serious health risks, made adaptation to digital education essential. The increasing integration of technology in education has enabled the development of new teaching and learning methods. One such approach, blended learning, combines face-to-face and online environments, merging traditional classroom activities with digital resources such as online study materials. In this context, the present study examines the role of QR codes in Kanun education, a traditional Turkish musical instrument, within the framework of digitalization. Following a case study approach, the research analyzes previous studies on QR code use in Kanun instruction. The study explores the effects of QR codes through sample exercises on digital platforms. Moreover, beginner-level exercises incorporating audiovisual support are proposed to enrich Kanun education and foster a more interactive learning experience
An Analysis of the Efficient Fading Through Ozone Technology and Washing for Denim Fabrics Enhanced with Hemp Fibre
No full textThis study reveals the use of hemp fibers, which are considered more environmentally friendly compared to traditional fibers, in denim fabrics and evaluates the denim washing processes using ozone fading methods. Pre-washing, ozone fading, and post-washing to prevent yellowing were applied to dark and light-colored 70% cotton- 30% hemp denim fabrics dyed with indigo. Denim fabrics soaked with hard and soft water for 60% pick-up value were subjected to ozone fading for 5, 10, and 15 minutes at an ozone capacity of 25%, 50%, and 75%. The weight, thickness, air permeability, tear strength, stiffness, and color properties of the fabrics were measured. Compared to raw denim, the results demonstrated decreases in fabric weight, air permeability, and circular bending stiffness after the washing processes. Thickness, tear strength, color difference, and yellowness values increased. On the other hand, the ozone washing system saved 53% water, 27% energy, and 41% time per 1 pair of denim pants compared to traditional washing methods
Trappsol® CycloTM (hp?Cd) for the long-term treatment of Niemann Pick type C1: Efficacy and safety data from 4 clinical studies and the ongoing expanded access program
No full text[Abstract Not Acaileble
Ekstrüde Ambalajlar ve Aktif Ambalaj Teknolojileri: Gıda Endüstrisindeki Kullanım Potansiyeli ve Yenilikçi Yaklaşımlar
No full textGıda ambalajları, ürünlerin korunması, taşınması ve tüketiciye sunulmasında kritik bir rol oynamaktadır. Ancak, mikrobiyal bozulma gibi sorunlar endüstri için ciddi bir sorun olmaya devam etmektedir. Bu problem doğrultusunda, modifiye atmosferde ambalajlama teknolojisi, akıllı ambalajlama teknolojisi ve aktif ambalajlama teknolojisi gibi çeşitli gıda ambalajlama uygulamaları geliştirilmiştir. Bu teknolojilerden biri olan aktif ambalajlama, ambalajın içine veya yüzeyine aktif bileşenlerin eklenmesiyle gıdaların raf ömrünü uzatmayı ve kalitesini artırmayı hedefleyen bir sistem olup özellikle mikrobiyal bozulma gibi sorunlara karşı etkili bir çözüm sunmaktadır. Bu amaçla, gıda ambalaj endüstrisinde genellikle düşük maliyetli ve iyi mekanik performansa sahip doğal, sentetik ve yarı sentetik polimerler kullanılmaktadır. Bu polimerler, ekstrüzyon kalıplama gibi teknolojilerle işlenerek çeşitli ambalaj filmleri elde edilmektedir. Gıda ambalajlama endüstrisindeki ambalaj filmlerinin aktif ambalaj olarak kullanım potansiyellerinin incelenmesinin hedeflendiği bu çalışmada çeşitli gıdalardaki uygulama örnekleri incelendiğinde, endüstride kullanılan aktif ambalajlama sistemlerinin başarılı sonuçlar verdiği, uygulanan ürünlerin raf ömrüne ve kalitesine katkıda bulunduğu görülmüştür
First record of a Late Miocene hominid from North Macedonia
No full textKnown for over a century, the Late Miocene mammalian faunas of Veles, North Macedonia, have long been recognized for their scientific importance. However, hominid remains had not been previously reported from this fossil-rich area. Here, we report the discovery of an isolated upper molar from the vicinity of Veles & horbar;most likely from the Belushka locality & horbar;which constitutes the first known record of a Late Miocene hominid from the Republic of North Macedonia, and provide a review of the associated mammalian assemblages. The molar & horbar;probably an M 3 & horbar;exhibits a relatively large crown, broad and low cusps, inferred thick enamel, low dentine horns, and short, thick roots that are not markedly divergent. These characteristics, along with its inferred middle Turolian (MN12) age and Balkan provenance, suggest that the Veles molar belongs to an indeterminate member of the hominid tribe Graecopithecini. Together with the Graecopithecus freybergi mandible from Pyrgos Vassilissis, Greece, and an isolated graecopithecin upper premolar from Azmaka, Bulgaria, the Veles specimen provides rare additional evidence for the survival of apes well into the Turolian of the Balkan Peninsula. Furthermore, the Veles fossil faunas now document the co-occurrence of apes (Graecopithecini indet.) and monkeys (Mesopithecus), a pattern rarely observed in the Eurasian Miocene fossil record. (c) 2025 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.Ege University Scientific Research Project Grant [FM-GAP-2024-31985]; NEEMO project (Neanderthal and Early Modern Human Interactions in the Central Balkans) of the Science Fund of the Republic of Serbia [FM-GAP-2024-31985]; Ministry of Science, Technological Development and Innova-tion of the Republic of Serbia [7746827]; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) [451-03-137/2025-03/200163]; Social Sciences and Human-ities Research Council of Canada (SSHRC) [RGPIN-2019-04113]The authors would like to thank Petar Milovanovic (Center of Bone Biology, Institute of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia) for performing the mu CT scan of the Veles hominid molar. We also thank the Co-Editor-in-Chief, Song Xing, and the two anonymous reviewers for their comments and suggestions, which greatly improved the quality of this manu-script. Funding was provided by the NEEMO project (Neanderthal and Early Modern Human Interactions in the Central Balkans) of the Science Fund of the Republic of Serbia (Grant No. 7746827) and the Ministry of Science, Technological Development and Innova-tion of the Republic of Serbia (Contract No. 451-03-137/2025-03/200163) to P.R., the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) Discovery Grant (RGPIN-2019-04113) to M.R., P.R., Z.M., S.A., and S.M., the Social Sciences and Human-ities Research Council of Canada (SSHRC) Partnership Grant (895-2024-1005) to M.R., J.L., and P.R., and the Ege University Scientific Research Project Grant (FM-GAP-2024-31985) to S.M
Comparison of Magnetic and Transcutaenous Tibial Nerve Stimulation Added to Bladder Training for Overactive Bladder: A Randomized Controlled Trial
No full textIntroduction and Hypothesis This study aimed to compare the efficacy of magnetic stimulation (MStim) and transcutaneous tibial nerve stimulation (TTNS), both combined with bladder training (BT), in women with idiopathic overactive bladder (iOAB). Methods Women with iOAB were randomized into three groups: group 1 received BT only; group 2 received MStim plus BT; and group 3 received TTNS plus BT. MStim and TTNS were administered twice weekly, 30 min per session, for a total of 12 sessions over 6 weeks. The primary outcome was the positive response rate, defined as >= 50% fewer incontinence episodes, measured via a 3-day bladder diary at 6 weeks. Seconder outcomes included incontinence severity (pad test), voiding frequency, incontinence episodes, nocturia, number of pads used, symptom severity (OAB-V8), QoL (IIQ-7). Results According to the sample size calculation, 66 women were included in the study, with 22 assigned to each group. The three groups were comparable in terms of demographic and clinical characteristics. The positive response rate (primary outcome) was significantly higher in groups 2 and 3 compared to group 1 at week 6 (66.7% and 90.5% vs. 35.0%, p = 0.001), with no significant difference between groups 2 and 3 (p = 0.130). Both stimulation groups (each n = 21) demonstrated significant improvements in incontinence severity, incontinence episodes, number of pads used, symptom severity, QoL, and treatment satisfaction compared to the BT-only group (n = 20) (p < 0.0167). No significant differences were found between group 2 and group 3 for these parameters. Voiding frequency significantly improved in group 3 (med 11 to 6) compared to group 1 (med 11 to 8) and group 2 (med 12 to 8) (p < 0.0167). Conclusions Both MStim plus BT and TTNS plus BT are more effective than BT alone in women with iOAB. These two stimulation methods have similar clinical efficacy, with TTNS demonstrating greater effectiveness in reducing voiding frequency. Clinical trial registration This study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT05387824.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUBITAK)Open access funding provided by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUBITAK). This study was not supported by any of the funding sources