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Effect of Medium Compositions and Different Culture Conditions on the Physiological Properties and Clonal Micropropagation of Ficus carica L. cv. Sarılop Plant
No full textThe fig (Ficus carica L.), a crop of significant economic value, necessitates the development of innovative production techniques. This study seeks to establish an optimized protocol for the clonal micropropagation of the 'Sar & imath;lop' cultivar under in vitro conditions, focusing on determining the ideal medium compositions and environmental conditions (LED-lighting and culture vessel type) to maximize shoot and root regeneration. Various experiments on micropropagation were conducted using different nutrient media, plant growth regulators, and their combinations, as well as varying culture vessels and conditions. The highest mean number of shoots per explant (1.23) was observed in DKW medium. An even higher shoot count per explant (3.2) was recorded using DKW medium supplemented with 2 mg/L BAP and 0.5 mg/L IBA. The greatest mean shoot number occurred under white LED lighting in 265 mL glass jars and Magenta (2.33 and 2.30 respectively). The highest mean leaf lenght was observed under white lighting in Magenta vessel as 0.89 cm. In subculture experiment, node explants were subcultured four times at four-week intervals in 55 mL glass tubes, achieving the highest multiplication rate (3.27) during the third subculture. Subsequently, rooted plantlets (53.33%) were acclimatized with a 70% success rate. Ultimately, DKW medium was identified as the most suitable basal nutrient medium, with 2 mg/L BAP and 0.5 mg/L IBA being the optimal hormone combination for shoot propagation, and Magenta as the preferred culture vessel according to physiological parametres. These findings facilitated the development of a protocol that supports commercial production.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUBITAK)Open access funding provided by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUBITAK). This research did not receive any specific funding
Effect of Iron Accumulation on Bone Mineral Density in Patients Diagnosed With Transfusion-Dependent Thalassemia
No full textIntroduction: Transfusion-dependent thalassemia (TDT) is most commonly caused by defects in beta globin chain production. Iron overload, hypogonadism, vitamin D deficiency, adverse effects of desferrioxamine treatment, and delayed puberty due to loss of bone mass are the main complications of TDT. In the present study, we aimed to investigate bone complications and precursor markers in TDT patients. Materials and Methods: Our retrospective study included 93 patients, aged between 18 and 45, who were followed up in a tertiary care institution and did not have any disease other than TDT. The patients’ BMD values and biochemical parameters were compared. Results: Osteoporosis was observed in 33 of 93 patients, and the mean transferrin saturation of patients with osteoporosis was 60%, and the mean transferrin saturation of patients without osteoporosis was 42%. Patients with osteoporosis had transferrin saturation that was observed to be considerably higher than that of the group without osteoporosis (p = 0.006), with an average of 60%. Conclusion: Our investigation has demonstrated that in patients with TDT, elevated transferrin saturation may be a sign of osteoporosis. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved
Neolithic pottery from Eksi Höyük in the Upper Menderes Basin in western Anatolia: An archaeometric investigation of raw material sourcing and manufacturing processes
No full textThis study presents the first archaeometric investigation of Neolithic ceramics from Ekşi Höyük, a key early farming settlement in the Upper Menderes Basin, western Anatolia, dated to the second quarter of the 7th millennium BCE, with the main objective of understanding the raw material procurement strategies and technological practices of early Neolithic societies in the region. A multi-method analytical approach—combining petrographic thin-section analysis, X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM)—was applied to 56 ceramic sherds from the site and 16 reference clay samples collected from the surrounding areas. The results reveal that the Neolithic potters at Ekşi Höyük utilized multiple locally available clay sources with different clay properties, including metamorphic-derived clays and fine-grained basin deposits. Four distinct fabric groups were identified, reflecting varying clay selection strategies. Mineralogical and microstructural analyses revealed firing temperatures ranging from moderate (750–800 °C) to remarkably high (up to 900–1000 °C) in a single case—representing one of the earliest indications of such advanced pyrotechnological practice in Neolithic western Anatolia. These results demonstrate the increasing complexity of resource management, technological practices, and the emergence of craft specialization by the 6th millennium BCE within the early community at Ekşi Höyük. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved
The association of muscle weakness with functional disability in older patients with Diabetes mellitus: Measured by three different grip strength thresholds
No full textThe association of muscle weakness with poor outcomes is well defined in general older population, but there is insufficient data on the association of muscle weakness with functionality in older patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). We aimed to investigate the predictivity of muscle weakness defined as low grip strength thresholds determined by EWGSOP2, and two regional thresholds in older patients with DM for functional disability. Activities of Daily Living (ADL), Instrumental ADL (IADL), grip strength, comorbidities, anthropometric and biochemical data from outpatient clinic medical records were screened retrospectively. Low grip strength was determined by EWGSOP2, and two regional thresholds. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, sensitivity and negative predictive values were conducted to identify the discrimination power of three different grip strength thresholds for functional disability in patients with DM. A total of 197 patients with DM and 215 controls were included. In ROC analyses, regional thresholds were with higher sensitivity and negative predictive values for functional disability in both groups. For patients with DM, regional normative thresholds predicted functional disability both for ADLs and IADLs whereas for patients without DM normative thresholds predicted ADL, and calculated thresholds predicted IADL disability. Regional normative thresholds predicted both ADL and IADL functional disability in older patients with DM. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved
Bulgaristan Türklerinin Çağdaş Şiir Dünyasında “Dobruca”
No full textBalkanlarda geçmişten günümüze Türk dilinin ve kültürünün yerleştiği önemli bölgelerden biri olan Dobruca (Bulgarca: ????????, Rumence: Dobrogea) siyasi ve kültürel sınırların kesişim noktasında evrensel değerlerin ve kültürel farklılıkların uyum içerisinde varlık gösterdiği sosyal dokusunu günümüzde de korumaktadır. Dobruca’nın kültür mozaiğini oluşturan temel unsurlardan biri de kuşkusuz Türk dili ve edebiyatıdır. Romanya/Babadağ’da türbesi bulunan tarihî şahsiyet Sarı Saltuk bölgenin söz konusu çok kültürlü yapısı içerisinde Türk medeniyeti ve toleransını sembolize eden önemli figürlerden biridir. Dobruca Türk kimliğinin yansımaları sözlü ve yazılı edebiyatta Sarı Saltuk sonrası dönemde de varlık gösteren çok sayıda edebî üretimde yer almıştır. Günümüzde Silistre, Hacıoğlu Pazarcık, Balçık, Tutrakan, Akkadınlar vb. gibi yerleşim yerleri Bulgaristan dâhilinde yer almış olsa da edebî literatürde Dobruca kültür alanında değerlendirilmeye devam etmiştir. Bu çalışmada güney kısmı Bulgaristan’da yer alan Dobruca’nın Bulgaristan Türkleri nezdinde edebî üretime yansıyan yönü üzerinde durulmuştur. Çalışmada Bulgaristan Türklerinin toplum hafızasındaki “Dobruca” imajını ortaya koyan şairlere, şiir örneklerine ve tahliline yer verilmiş; Bulgaristan Türkü şairlerin şiirlerinde Dobruca’ya hasredilen duygu dünyasının bilim çevreleri ile paylaşılması amaçlanmıştır
Effects of sponge bath and swaddle bath applied in the neonatal intensive care unit on neonatal comfort: A randomized controlled trial
No full textPurpose: Bathing is an essential part of newborn care and may influence physiological stability, stress levels, and overall comfort. This study aimed to compare the effects of sponge bathing and swaddle bathing on newborn comfort and physiological responses. Design and methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) of a tertiary hospital in Izmir, Turkey, between March and September 2024. A total of 71 term, physiologically stable newborns without contraindications for bathing were enrolled and randomly assigned to either the swaddle bath group (n = 35) or the sponge bath group (n = 36) using block randomization. Physiological parameters (pulse rate, oxygen saturation, and body temperature) and newborn comfort levels were assessed using the COMFORT Neo Scale at three time points: before the bath, 10 min after, and 1 h after bathing. Data were analyzed using independent samples t-tests, chi-square tests, and post hoc power analysis in SPSS version 26. Results: Ten minutes after bathing, the swaddle bath group showed significantly lower mean pulse rates (140.91 +/- 9.99 vs. 148.52 +/- 14.66; p < 0.05) and higher oxygen saturation (p = 0.001) compared to the sponge bath group. While pre-bath and 10-min post-bath comfort scores were similar between groups, restlessness (p < 0.001) and pain scores (p = 0.004) were significantly lower in the swaddle bath group. Conclusion: The swaddle bath technique is more effective than the sponge bath method in supporting physiological stability and enhancing newborn comfort. Practice implications: Incorporating the swaddle bath method into NICU care protocols may improve the quality and comfort of neonatal care practices. (c) 2025 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies
Exploring the perspectives and challenges of general surgery residents in Türkiye: Insights from a survey on surgical training
No full textObjective: This study aimed to assess the perspectives of general surgery residents in T & uuml;rkiye regarding the conditions and methods of their training, as well as the methods and circumstances under which their training is conducted Material and Methods: The study involved 426 resident physicians undergoing training in general surgery at various institutions, including university hospitals, education and research hospitals, and foundation university hospitals, from January to March 2024. A web-based survey was distributed to the residents via email, containing 18 multiple-choice questions. The results were analyzed using the SPSS statistical software. Results:The study revealed that 21.36% of the resident physicians had been in training for 0 to 1 year, while 20.19% had been in training for 2 to 3 years. A significant portion, 62.44%, was receiving their training in education and research hospitals, 36.38% in university hospitals, and only 1.17% in foundation university hospitals. In terms of training adequacy, 48.36% of the residents felt they did not receive enough practical training, and 81.22% believed they lacked sufficient theoretical training. Furthermore, 66.10% reported insufficient support for conducting academic research, and only 47.65% were aware of the core training program. Regarding work hours, 35.45% of residents were on duty every other day, 7.28% worked more than eight shifts per month, and 68.08% reported working 60 hours or more per week. Additionally, 91.31% of the residents deemed their salaries inadequate, and 71.36% experienced delays in receiving their on-call pay. Notably, only 55.63% expressed satisfaction with their experience as general surgery residents. Conclusion: The findings of this research indicate that there is a lack of standardization in general surgery specialization training in T & uuml;rkiye.The report reveals that both theoretical and practical training are insufficiently provided and not delivered in a systematic manner. Additionally, general surgery residents expressed low levels of satisfaction with the training they receive. It is evident that improvements are necessary in several areas concerning the training and working conditions of resident physician
A risk in chronic pelvic pain: Sexual abuse
No full textBu çalışma, kronik pelvik ağrı (KPA) ile cinsel istismar geçmişi arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemeyi, literatür bulgularını sunmayı ve sağlık profesyonellerinin konu hakkındaki farkındalığını artırmayı amaçlamaktadır. Derleme kapsamında, KPA ve istismar arasındaki ilişkiyi inceleyen klinik ve epidemiyolojik araştırmalar taranmış, sistematik derlemeler ve meta-analizler gözden geçirilmiştir. Literatür taraması, PubMed, Scopus ve Web of Science gibi veri tabanlarından yapılmıştır. Araştırmalarda, özellikle cinsel istismar, cinsel şiddet ve çocukluk dönemi cinsel istismarının KPA üzerindeki etkisi vurgulanmıştır. Dahil edilen çalışmaların metodolojik kalitesi ve sınırlılıkları analiz edilerek, elde edilen bulgular derlenmiştir. Araştırmalar, KPA'ya sahip kadınların önemli bir kısmının istismar geçmişine sahip olduğunu göstermektedir. Cinsel istismarın ve fiziksel şiddet gibi deneyimlerin, bireylerin ilerideki yaşamlarında kronik ağrı ve diğer somatik belirtiler geliştirme riskini artırdığına dair bulgular bulunmaktadır. Ayrıca, psikolojik bozuklukların ağrı algısını artırarak KPA'nın kronikleşmesine katkıda bulunduğu belirlenmiştir.Kronik pelvik ağrı ile istismar arasındaki ilişkinin anlaşılması, tedavi yaklaşımlarında daha bütüncül bir yaklaşım geliştirilmesini zorunlu kılmaktadır. Sadece fiziksel semptomların değil, aynı zamanda psikososyal faktörlerin de dikkate alınması, hastaların yaşam kalitesini artırmada ve tedavi süreci için oldukça önemli bir faktördür. Bu derleme, KPA ve istismar ilişkisini anlamada önemli bir katkı sunmakta ve sağlık profesyonellerinin farkındalığını artırmayı hedeflemektedir.This study aims to examine the relationship between chronic pelvic pain (CPP) and sexual abuse history, present literature findings, and increase awareness of healthcare professionals on the subject. Within the scope of the review, clinical and epidemiological studies examining the relationship between CPP and abuse were scanned, and systematic reviews and meta-analyses were reviewed. The literature review used PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. In the studies, the effect of sexual abuse, sexual violence, and childhood sexual abuse on CPP was emphasized. The methodological quality and limitations of the included studies were analyzed and the findings obtained were compiled. Studies show that a significant portion of women with CPP have a history of abuse. There are findings that experiences such as sexual abuse and physical violence increase the risk of individuals developing chronic pain and other somatic symptoms in later life. In addition, it has been determined that psychological disorders contribute to the chronicity of CPP by increasing pain perception. Understanding the relationship between chronic pelvic pain and abuse necessitates the development of a more holistic approach to treatment approaches. Considering not only physical symptoms but also psychosocial factors is a very important factor in improving the quality of life of patients and the treatment process. This review makes an important contribution to understanding the relationship between CPP and abuse and aims to increase the awareness of health professional
Sanatçı Bünyamin Balamir’in Çağdaş Türk Resim Sanatındaki yeri ve eserlerinde doğadan soyutlama bağlamında manzara resmine getirdiği özgün yorum
No full textBu araştırmada Çağdaş Türk sanatının önemli isimlerinden biri olan sanatçı Bünyamin Balamir'in eserlerinde doğadan soyutlama bağlamında manzara resmine getirdiği özgün yorumun incelenmesi ve Türk Resim Sanatındaki yerini ortaya koymak amaçlanmıştır. Çağdaş Türk Sanatının gelişim hareketine, Cumhuriyet öncesi ve sonrası dönemlerden günümüze kadar, kronolojik sırayla yer verilmiştir. Sanatçının sanat yaşamı, çocukluk dönemlerinden itibaren incelenmiş olup, sanat serüveninin başlaması ve gelişiminde etken olan faktörler belirlenmiştir. Balamir'in yaşamı boyunca, uyarıcı etmen olarak nitelendirdiği olaylar neden-sonuç ilişkisi içerisinde kişisel yorumu ile değerlendirilmiştir. Sanatçının yayımlamış olduğu makale ve kitapların bilgileri paylaşılmış; sanatçı hakkında yapılan araştırmalara ve yazılara yer verilmiştir. Balamir'in sanat dilini oluşturma yolculuğunda yıllar içerisinde değişimler gösteren teknik ve malzeme araştırmaları ele alınmış, üslubunun oluşmasında ona ilham kaynağı olan sanatçılara değinilmiştir. Eserlerinin konuları ve eserlerinde yer verdiği imgeler incelenmiştir. Araştırmada betimsel nitelikli tarama modeli kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın evrenini, Bünyamin Balamir'in öğrenim sürecinden günümüze kadar üretmiş olduğu tüm sanatsal yapıtlar oluşturmaktadır. Bu geniş yapıtlardan, belirli ölçütler çerçevesinde sınırlı sayıda eser seçilerek amaçlı örnekleme yöntemi ile örneklem oluşturulmuştur. Sanatçının farklı dönemlerini temsil eden ve soyutlayıcı manzara anlayışını yansıtan 25 adet özgün eseri çalışma örneklemini oluşturmuş, seçilen eserler hem sanatçının ifade dilindeki dönüşümü gözlemlemeyi hem de manzara resminin soyutlama yoluyla nasıl biçimlendi ini analiz etmeyi mümkün kılmıştır. Doğayı klasik görünümünden uzaklaştıran sanatçı, onu farklı bir boyuta taşıyarak; fantastik olarak nitelendirilebilecek, düşsel manzaralar oluşturmaktadır. Ayrıca yaşadığı coğrafyanın kültür ve sanatından beslenerek, resimlerinde yer verdiği özel sembol-imgelerle, doğa görünümleri ile binlerce yıl önce yaşamış Anadolu uygarlıklarına ait nesneleri resimlerinde birleştirmektedir. Bünyamin Balamir örnekleminde sanatçıların aslında kültürel mirası nasıl dönüştürdükleri de ortaya konulmaktadır. İnsan–doğa–yaşam ekseninde şekillenen sanat yolculuğunda, tezin yazıldığı yıl itibarıyla 52. sanat yılını geride bırakan Bünyamin Balamir, eserlerinde yaşamın sade ama derin yönlerini yalın ve etkileyici bir anlatımla yansıtmaktadır. Sanatçı, gizem ve fantastik kurguyu temiz, parlak renkler, özgün imgeler ve güçlü plastik değerlerle harmanlayarak, kendine has bir anlatım dili geliştirmiştir. Bu özgün yaklaşımıyla Balamir'in, kuşaklar boyunca sanatçılara ve sanatseverlere ilham kaynağı olmayı sürdüreceği kuşkusuzdur. Sanatçının eserlerinde kullandığı imge ve sembollerin anlamlarının sadece literatür taraması yolu ile değil, doğrudan kendi ifadeleriyle ele alınmasının; sanat anlayışı, eğitim felsefesi ve ilham kaynaklarının birincil ağızdan sunulması açısından önemi büyüktür. Bu yönüyle çalışma, yalnızca sanatseverler değil, aynı zamanda akademik düzeyde araştırma yapacak öğrenciler için de nitelikli bir kaynak olacaktır. Araştırma sonucunda, Bünyamin Balamir'in kendini eserleri aracılığıyla güçlü biçimde ifade eden, sürekli yenilenen bir sanatçı kimliği taşıdığı; özgün üslubuyla manzara resmi geleneği içinde farklı bir alan açtığı, Türk resmine ise çağdaş ve özgün katkılar sunduğu açık biçimde ortaya konmuştur. Tezin yazıldığı yıl 72 yaşında olan sanatçı, çalışmalarını halen Ankara'daki atölyesinde sürdürmektedir.This research aims to examine the original interpretation of landscape painting in the context of abstraction from nature in the works of artist Bünyamin Balamir, one of the important names of Contemporary Turkish art, and to reveal its place in Turkish Painting. The development movement of Contemporary Turkish Art is given in chronological order from the pre-Republic and post-Republic periods to the present day. The artist's artistic life has been examined since his childhood, and the factors that were effective in the beginning and development of his artistic adventure have been determined. The events that Balamir described as stimulating factors throughout his life have been evaluated with his personal interpretation within a cause-effect relationship. Information on the articles and books published by the artist has been shared; research and writings about the artist have been included. Balamir's technical and material researches that have changed over the years in the journey of creating his artistic language have been discussed, and the artists who inspired him in the formation of his style have been mentioned. The subjects of his works and the images he included in his works have been examined. A descriptive screening model has been used in the research. The universe of the study consists of all the artistic works that Bünyamin Balamir has produced from his education period to the present day. From these large works, a limited number of works were selected within certain criteria and a sample was created using the purposeful sampling method. The 25 original works of the artist, representing different periods and reflecting his abstract landscape approach, constituted the study sample, and the selected works made it possible to observe both the transformation in the artist's language of expression and to analyze how landscape painting was shaped through abstraction. The artist, who distances nature from its classical appearance, takes it to a different dimension and creates fantastic, imaginary landscapes. In addition, by feeding on the culture and art of the geography he lives in, he combines natural landscapes with objects belonging to Anatolian civilizations that lived thousands of years ago in his paintings with special symbol-images he includes in his paintings. In the example of Bünyamin Balamir, it is also revealed how artists actually transform cultural heritage. In his artistic journey shaped on the axis of human-nature-life, Bünyamin Balamir, who left behind his 52nd year in art as of the year the thesis was written, reflects the simple but deep aspects of life in his works with a plain and impressive narrative. The artist has developed a unique narrative language by blending mystery and fantasy fiction with clean, bright colors, original images and strong plastic values. With this unique approach, it is undoubtedly that Balamir will continue to inspire artists and art lovers for generations. It is of great importance that the meanings of the images and symbols used by the artist in his works are addressed not only through literature review but also directly with his own words; in terms of presenting his understanding of art, educational philosophy and sources of inspiration from the first person. In this respect, the study will be a qualified source not only for art lovers but also for students who will conduct research at an academic level. As a result of the research, it is determined that Bünyamin Balamir has an artist identity that expresses himself strongly through his works and is constantly renewing; It has been clearly demonstrated that with his unique style he opened up a different area within the tradition of landscape painting and made contemporary and original contributions to Turkish painting. The artist, who was 72 years old when the thesis was written, still continues his work in his studio in Ankara
Discovery of host genetic factors through multi-locus GWAS against toxoplasmosis in sheep: addressing one health perspectives
No full textToxoplasma gondii stands as one of the most successful pathogens, capable of infecting nearly all warm-blooded species. It is estimated that up to 50% of human population might harbor Toxoplasmosis infections. One of the primary transmission routes is the consumption of tissue cysts from infected farm animals used for food production. Thus, controlling Toxoplasmosis in farm animals is of vital importance for human health and food safety. Selective breeding in farm animals, where available, could complement classical control measures like biosecurity measures, vaccination, and test-and-cull methods. This multidisciplinary approach will make the eradication of Toxoplasmosis more effective. For this purpose, we conducted four multi-locus genome-wide association (GWA) approaches to identify the polygenic factors underlying innate resistance to Toxoplasma gondii in naturally infected sheep. Our findings indicate that 16 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), exhibiting varying degrees of statistical power, play a significant role in host immunity against T. gondii infection. We propose the genes containing these SNPs or located within 100 +/- Kb of them (PLSCR5, EPHA3, DGKB, IL12B, CGA, WDR64, TMEM158, CLMP, and SIAE) as potential candidate genes. This study represents the first exploration of host genetic factors against Toxoplasmosis in livestock, utilizing the ovine paradigm as its foundation.Funding for this research was provided by the Republic of Turkey Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, General Directorate of Agricultural Research and Policies (TAGEM); General Directorate of Agricultural Research and Policies (TAGEM)The authors express their gratitude to the General Directorate of Agricultural Research and Policies (TAGEM) for invaluable support