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Genome-wide association of gene regions controlling selenium and magnesium accumulation in walnuts (Juglans regia L.)
No full textWalnut (Juglans regia L.) is one of the most economically important species. It is of great importance to the food industry due to its nutritional value, and high content of many beneficial components such as macro and microelements. In the current study, the aim was to determine markers of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) associated with the gene(s) controlling the accumulation of Selenium (Se) and Magnesium (Mg) in walnuts. Se and Mg concentrations were measured in 154 genotypes of Juglans regia in 2021 and 2022. A total of 16,473 SNP markers were used for association mapping to analyze the marker-trait associations. The Se and Mg concentrations exhibited a normal distribution pattern with high heritability values (0.96 for Se and 0.98 for Mg) for the two years. Association mapping analysis was carried out with TASSEL software (v5.2.87) using the mixed linear model method. The result was that 17 markers for Se and 15 markers for Mg were significantly associated. A total of 189 and 86 putative candidate genes were detected for markers significantly associated with the Se and Mg levels, respectively. Among these genes, 33 genes are involved in ion binding, one gene in the binding and transport of Mg ions, 10 in hormone metabolism, and 53 in DNA and RNA binding. These potential candidate genes and markers observed in this study can be used in marker-assisted breeding programs to improve biofortified walnut varieties and further explore the genetic mechanisms underlying the Se and Mg accumulation.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye; The 1002 Rapid Support Program [122O658]This current study was funded by The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye with the 1002 Rapid Support Program (grant number 122O658)
Sürdürülebilir su mercimeği üretimi ile bitkisel bazli protein ve klorofil içeren sağlikli gida ürünlerinin geliştirilmesi
Get PDFYapılan bu tez çalışmasında, hayvansal proteinlere alternatif ve sürdürülebilir bir bitkisel protein kaynağı olan su mercimeğinin protein içeriğinin, yetiştirme ortamı olan Hoagland solüsyonu bileşimine bağlı olarak değişiminin belirlenmesi çalışmanın ilk aşaması olarak araştırılmıştır. Hoagland solüsyonu makro elementlerinden KH2PO4 (%33,06) ve Ca(NO3)2.4H2O'nun (%36,61) etken parametreler olduğu Plackett-Burman faktöriyel tasarımındaki katkı yüzdelerine göre belirlenmiştir. Etken parametreler ve pH değeri ile yanıt yüzey yöntemi ile gerçekleştirilen optimizasyon sonucu 3,92 mM KH2PO4, 7,95 mM Ca(NO3)2.4H2O ve pH 7,22 değeri optimum koşullar olarak bulgulanmıştır. Optimum koşullarda yetiştirilen su mercimeğinin protein içeriği başlangıca göre 9. gün sonunda %28 oranında artmıştır. Modifiye edilmiş Hoagland solüsyonunda yetiştirilen su mercimeğinin protein içeriği %41,74 iken ticari Hoagland solüsyonunda yetiştirilen su mercimeğinin protein içeriği %33,01 olarak belirlenmiştir. Protein içeriğinin en yüksek olduğu koşullarda yetiştirilen su mercimeklerinden maksimum verimlilikte protein ekstraksiyonu için gerekli koşullar ikinci aşamada optimize edilmiş ve ekstraksiyon verimini arttırmak amacıyla enzim ve ultrases destekli ekstraksiyonlar gerçekleştirilmiştir. Optimum koşullarda yetiştirilen su mercimeklerinden protein izolasyonu için belirlenen optimum koşullar; pH 9 değeri, 5 mL/g çözgen/katı oranı ve 55 ˚C ekstraksiyon sıcaklığı olarak belirlenmiştir. Enzim destekli ekstraksiyon protein verimini 2,1 kat, ultrases destekli ekstraksiyon 5,6 kat artış sağlamıştır. Ultrases destekli ekstraksiyon ile izole edilen protein konsantrelerinin kuru madde bazından protein içeriği %60,09 olarak belirlenmiştir. Protein konsantrelerinin mineral madde içeriği belirlenerek, alternatif protein kaynağı olarak tüketime uygun olduğu belirlenmiştir. Protein konsantrelerinin esansiyel amino asitleri içerdiği, pH 9 değerinde yüksek çözünürlük (%92,16), yüksek köpürme (%92,62) ve emülsiyon aktivitesi (%83,69) göstermiştir. Son olarak izole edilen protein konsantrelerinin atıştırmalık bar, ekmek ve kek ürünlerine eklenerek ürünlerin fiziksel, kimyasal ve duyusal özelliklerine etkisi belirlenmiştir. Gıda ürünlerine protein konsantresi eklenmesi ile ürünlerin protein içeriği arttırılması sağlanırken aynı zamanda klorofil, fenolik, flavonoid gibi biyoaktif madde içeriklerinin de değişimiyle antioksidan kapasitelerinde de artış sağlamıştır. Su mercimeği protein konsantresi ilave edilen ürünler yapılan duyusal analizler sonucunda panelistler tarafından kabul görmüştür.In this thesis, the first phase of the study investigated how the protein content of duckweed, a sustainable plant protein source alternative to animal proteins, varies depending on the composition of the Hoagland solution, which serves as its growing medium. The key parameters from the macro elements of the Hoagland solution, KH2PO4 (33.06%) and Ca(NO3)2·4H2O (36.61%), were determined based on the contribution percentages from the Plackett-Burman factorial design. The optimization performed using response surface methodology with the active parameters and pH value resulted in optimum conditions of 3.92 mM KH2PO4, 7.95 mM Ca(NO3)2·4H2O, and a pH of 7.22. Under these optimum conditions, the protein content of the duckweed increased by 28% by the 9th day. The protein content of duckweed grown in a modified Hoagland solution was found to be 41.74%, while that grown in commercial Hoagland solution was 33.01%. In the second phase, conditions for maximum protein extraction efficiency from the duckweed grown under the highest protein content were optimized. Enzyme and ultrasound-assisted extractions were performed to increase the extraction yield. The optimum conditions for protein isolation from the duckweed grown under optimal conditions were determined to be a pH value of 9, a solvent/solid ratio of 5 mL/g, and an extraction temperature of 55 °C. Enzyme assisted extraction increased protein yield by 2.1 times, while ultrasound-assisted extraction resulted in a 5.6-fold increase. The protein content of the concentrates isolated using ultrasound-assisted extraction was found to be 60.09% on a dry matter basis. The mineral content of the protein concentrates was analyzed, and it was determined that they were suitable for consumption as an alternative protein source. The protein concentrates contained essential amino acids and demonstrated high solubility (92.16%), high foaming (92.62%), and emulsion activity (83.69%) at pH 9 value. Finally, the isolated protein concentrates were added to snack bars, bread, and cake products, and their effects on the physical, chemical, and sensory properties of the products were determined. The addition of protein concentrate to food products increased their protein content, while also altering the levels of bioactive compounds such as chlorophyll, phenolics, and flavonoids, leading to an increase in antioxidant activities. The products containing duckweed protein concentrate were well-received by panelists in the sensory analysis
Novel Taurinamide-Based Compounds as Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors
No full textA series of taurinamide-based amides 1-19 were investigated for their effects on human (h) carbonic anhydrase (CA; EC 4.2.1.1) isoforms I, II, VA, VII, IX, and XII, which are all relevant for biomedical applications. According to inhibition data, most of the derivatives displayed affinity and selectivity for the hCA I isoform over the other isoforms tested, and compounds 1, 2, 4, 8, and 9 emerged as potent nanomolar inhibitors of hCA I and hCA IX, exhibiting K I values in the range of 0.65-0.83 and 0.59-0.96 mu M, respectively (asetazolamide K I = 0.25 for CA I and K I = 0.03 M for hCA IX). The X-ray structures of 15 and 18 in complex with hCA II provided detailed insights into the binding mode and molecular determinants. Substitution patterns were found to have a tuning effect on both affinity and selectivity toward specific isoforms, thus providing valuable insights for the design of new CA inhibitors.ECR Firenze [CRF 2018.1001]; Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) [SBAG-118S667]F. C. is grateful to ECR Firenze: project number CRF 2018.1001Progettazione e Sintesi di Nuovi Agenti per la Cura e la Profilassi di InfezioniBatteriche Resistenti.for partially funding this work. This study was also partly supported by research grants from the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK, project number SBAG-118S667
Ultra düşük güçlü IoT cihazlar için gerçek zamanlı işletim sistemi tasarımı ve geliştirilmesi
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A CASE of ALSTRÖM SYNDROME with A NOVEL VARIANT in ALMS1 GENE PRESENTING with CONE ROD DYSTROPHY AS FIRST FINDING
No full textPurpose:Alström syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive monogenic ciliopathy, which is caused by a mutation of the Alström syndrome 1 gene. It is a multisystemic disorder characterized by insulin resistance, childhood obesity, cardiomyopathy, progressive hepatic and renal failure, sensorineural hearing loss, and retinal degeneration. In this study, we aimed to report a novel variant in Alström syndrome 1 gene causing Alström syndrome in a patient presenting with visual impairment.Methods:This was a case report.Results:A 10-year-old male patient presented with photophobia and visual impairment in both eyes. Anterior and posterior segment examinations were unremarkable bilaterally. Optical coherence tomography showed attenuated ellipsoid zone. Electroretinography revealed diminished cone and rod responses consistent with cone-rod dystrophy. Genetic testing demonstrated a novel homozygous variant in Alström syndrome 1 (NM_015120.4) gene. The patient also was found to have early stage dilated cardiomyopathy through systemic evaluation after the diagnosis of Alström syndrome.Conclusion:Cone-rod dystrophy in pediatric population is relatively rare condition that can be associated with syndromic ciliopathies. The authors presented a case of Alström syndrome with a novel variant in Alström syndrome 1 gene based on ophthalmic findings. Ophthalmologists play an important role in the diagnosis of this syndrome and early detection of systemic manifestations. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved
Development and validation of a cost-effective three-dimensional-printed cervical spine model for endoscopic posterior cervical foraminotomy training: a prospective educational study from Turkey
No full textStudy Design: Expanding upon established surgical simulation methods, we developed a fused deposition modeling three-dimensional (3D)-printed model of the C1-T1 vertebra for posterior cervical foraminotomy training that features silicone-based neural elements, polyurethane foam-based ligaments, and polyethylene terephthalate glycol vertebrae. Purpose: This study evaluated the effectiveness of a cost-efficient 3D-printed training model designed to help neurosurgical residents acquire fundamental skills in endoscopic posterior cervical foraminotomy while addressing the technique's challenging learning curve and limited training resources. Overview of Literature: Only a few studies have investigated the efficacy of such a model. Methods: Eight neurosurgery residents each with over 2 years of training completed four training sessions on two randomly assigned cervical spine levels using the newly developed 3D-printed model. A simple plumbing endoscope was used for real-time surgical visualResults: Among the 64 completed surgical levels, left-sided procedures showed significantly higher insufficient decompression rates than did right-sided procedures (25.0% vs. 3.6%, p=0.002). However, no significant difference in overall complication rates was observed between sides (p=0.073). Surgical parameters remained consistent across sides, with no significant differences in operative duration. Brunner-Langer analysis revealed substantial improvements in operative duration (mean duration decrease from 21:42 +/- 2:15 to 6:33 +/- 0:42 minutes, p=0.004) and total complications (mean decrease from 2.1 +/- 0.8 to 0.4 +/- 0.5, p=0.007) across sessions. Although fluoroscopy timing showed marginal improvement (mean duration decrease from 2:12 +/- 1:15 to 0:55 +/- 0:23 minutes, p=0.057), the number of fluoroscopic Conclusions: Our findings suggest that this novel 3D-printed cervical spine model could be a viable, low-cost option for neurosurgical training programs aiming to help residents develop essential endoscopic skills in a controlled setting. Facilitating early proficiency in posterior cervical foraminotomy can serve as a valuable intermediate step before transitioning to cadaveric models and clinical practice.Ege University Office of Scientific Research Projects [32406]This work was funded by the Ege University Office of Scientific Research Projects (Project number: 32406)
In vitro analysis of various mouthwashes: cytotoxic, apoptotic, genotoxic and antibacterial effects
No full textObjective This study aims to investigate the cytotoxic, apoptotic, and genotoxic effects of eleven mouthwashes, which are hypothesized to pose potential toxic risks to oral mucosal tissues, through in-vitro experiments using human gingival fibroblast(hGF) cell cultures and to compare the antibacterial efficacy of these mouthwashes. Materials and methods Healthy hGF cell lines were derived from individuals under ethical standards. The cytotoxic effects of the mouthwashes (Colgate 2in1,Colgate Optic White, Colgate Plax, Curasept, Elmex, Kloroben, Listerine Cool Mint, Listerine Zero, Meridol, Oral-B Pro Expert, Sensodyne Pronamel) were assessed in real-time using the xCELLigence system, which monitored cellular activity at 5-minute intervals over 72 h. Apoptotic effects of the IC50 concentrations of the mouthwashes on hGF cells were evaluated using Annexin V and Caspase-3 assays. Genotoxic effects at IC50 concentrations were analyzed through the Alexa Fluor (R) 488 Mouse anti-H2AX assay. The antibacterial effect of mouthwashes on Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus rhamnosus was evaluated by modified microdilution method. Results According to the analysis of the IC50 values, Meridol was found to be the most cytotoxic mouthwash, while Listerine Zero was the least cytotoxic. The mouthwashes can be ranked in order of their cytotoxicity as follows: Meridol(0.011) > Elmex(0.029) > Colgate 2in1(0.187) > Colgate Plax(0.478) > Colgate Optic White (0.534) > Sensodyne Pronamel(0.577) > Oral-B Pro Expert(0.638) > Kloroben(0.766) > Curasept(1.872) > Listerine Cool Mint(2.334) > Listerine Zero(7.267)(p 0.05). Colgate Plax showed the most effective antibacterial effect on Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus rhamnosus(p < 0.05). Conclusion Mouthwash formulations showed varying cytotoxic effects on hGF and different antibacterial effectiveness. Essential oil-containing mouthwashes may be preferable to those with chlorhexidine or cetylpyridinium chloride, as they demonstrate less cytotoxicity, are more biocompatible, and have antibacterial efficacy. Clinical relevance The low cytotoxicity and potent antibacterial properties of essential oils render them a more safer choice for inclusion in mouthwash compositions.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUBIdot;TAK)Open access funding provided by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUB & Idot;TAK)
Performance of non-invasive fibrosis markers in biopsy-proven liver disorders
No full textBackground and Aim: The primary aim of this study was to investigate the concordance of Transient Elastography FibroScan (R) (FS) measurements, Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4), and the Aspartate Aminotransferase to Platelet Ratio Index (APRI) scores with each other and with liver biopsies in predicting histological fibrosis. Materials and Methods: In this single-center, cross-sectional, retrospective collected data cohort study spanning seven consecutive years, simultaneous FS measurements, FIB-4, and APRI scores of 778 patients with different diagnoses who had undergone liver biopsy were evaluated. Results: A total of 417 (53.6%) of the patients were female. The median age was 51 years. The diagnoses were HBV (n=228), metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) (n=185), HCV (n=58), cryptogenic (n=53), primary biliary cholangitis (n=40), autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) (n=28), overlap syndrome (OS) (n=23), multiple diagnoses (n=42), and other diagnoses (n=83). All three methods showed a strong correlation with histological fibrosis, and FS demonstrated a statistically significantly superior relationship compared to FIB-4 and APRI. In AIH and OS, FIB-4 and APRI scores do not show a consistent increase with histological stage; however, FS does. In MASLD, all three methods correlate with histologic stage, but FS measurements appear significantly superior. Conclusion: Although FIB-4, APRI, and FS correlate well with histological fibrosis, especially in MASLD, evaluation with FS, if available, should be preferred. In the evaluation of fibrosis in AIH and OS, laboratory-based indicators should be avoided
Fine structure in the ? decay of 179Hg and 177Au
No full textThe alpha-decay fine structure of 179Hg and 177Au was studied by means of decay spectroscopy. Two experiments were performed at the Accelerator Laboratory of the University of Jyv & auml;skyl & auml; (JYFL), Finland, utilizing the recoil separator RITU and a digital data acquisition system. The heavy-ion induced fusion-evaporation reactions 3682Kr + 44100Ru and 3888Kr + 4292Mo were used to produce the 179Hg and 177Au nuclei, respectively. Studying the evaporation residues (ER, recoils)-alpha 1-alpha 2 correlations and alpha-gamma coincidences, a new alpha decay with E alpha = 6156(10) keV was observed from 179Hg. This decay populates the (9/2-) excited state at an excitation energy of 131.3(5) keV in 175Pt. The internal conversion coefficient for the 131.3(5) keV transition de-exciting this state was measured for the first time. Regarding the 177Au nucleus, a new alpha decay with E alpha = 5998(9) keV was observed to populate the 156.1(6) keV excited state in 173Ir. Two de-excitation paths were observed from this excited state. Moreover, a new 215.7(13) keV transition was observed to depopulate the 424.4(13) keV excited state in 173Ir. Properties of the 179Hg and 177Au alpha decays were examined in a framework of reduced widths and hindrance factors. For clarity and simplicity, the spin and parity assignments (e.g. J pi) are presented without brackets throughout the text.EU-FP7-IA project ENSAR [262010]; Slovak Research and Development Agency [APVV-20-0532]; Slovak grant agency VEGA [2/0067/21, 2/0175/24]; Academy of Finland (CoE in Nuclear and Accelerator-Based Physics) [131665]; European Research Council through the project SHESTRUCT [203481]; UK Science and Technology Facilities Council; Ministry of Education, Science, Research and Sport of the Slovak Republic; Centre for Scientific and Technical Information of the Slovak RepublicThe authors express their gratitude to the staff of the Accelerator Laboratory of the University of Jyvaeskylae for their excellent technical support. This work was supported by the EU-FP7-IA project ENSAR (No. 262010), the Slovak Research and Development Agency under contract No. APVV-20-0532, Slovak grant agency VEGA (contract No. 2/0067/21 and No. 2/0175/24), the Academy of Finland (CoE in Nuclear and Accelerator-Based Physics, grant to T.G., Contract No. 131665), the European Research Council through the project SHESTRUCT (Grant Agreement No. 203481), the UK Science and Technology Facilities Council.Open access funding provided by The Ministry of Education, Science, Research and Sport of the Slovak Republic in cooperation with Centre for Scientific and Technical Information of the Slovak Republi
Thermal Analysis of Small-Scale Axial Flux Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors for LVAD Systems
No full textThis paper addresses the design and thermal analysis of Axial Flux Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines (AFPMSMs) integrated into continuous flow left ventricular assist devices (LVADs). Allowed temperature rise limitation due to medical application was the primary motivation of this research. Thermal challenges are further elevated due to the limited volume, which increases the thermal loading of the motor. Furthermore, effective cooling of both the rotor and stator was achieved, which is an innovative aspect of this work. Within the scope of this study, the thermal aspects of AFPMSMs specifically for LVAD pumps were examined, and their validations were carried out through analytical calculations and simulation studies along with some experimental work. It was validated by the FEA that the temperature of the fluid at the LVAD pump inlet under rated load increased by only 0.04 degrees C. Therefore, the pump design presented does not pose any risks to the patient. Subsequently, to validate the design, an AFPMSM prototype was manufactured and tested in a laboratory environment. These tests showed that under the rated load, the winding temperature increase was 26.5 degrees C, and the outer case temperature increase was 15.1 degrees C. These results are consistent with both analytical and simulation results. This study demonstrated that the LVAD pump design is thermally suitable and that the established analytical equations are accurate in both simulation and experimental tests. Additionally, the novel integration of AFPMSM and pump yielded significantly higher current-carrying capacity due to the devised effective cooling mechanism.The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey [118S176]This work was supported by The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey under Contract 118S176