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Early medieval cemeteries in north-western Bosnia and Herzegovina
No full textU ovom radu su obrađivana značajna ranosrednjovjekovna groblja na prostoru današnje sjeverozapadne Bosne i Hercegovine (lokaliteti Gomjenica – Baltine bare, Mahovljani – Kužno groblje, Bagruša i Junuzovci), s ciljem da se jasno prezentiraju njihova obilježja te njihov međuodnos. Posebna pažnja je posvećena pronađenom inventaru. Navedena groblja se većinski datiraju u period između 9. i 11. stoljeća. Razdoblje njihovog korištenja je bilo obilježeno osvajačkim pohodima i trgovinskim pothvatima te su se zbog toga prepoznale različite kulturne sfere unutar pronađenog materijala (bjelobrdska, starohrvatska i ketlaška kultura te staromađarski materijal). Među pronađenim nalazima, dominiraju nakit i ukrasne tvorevine, primjerice naušnice, prstenje i ogrlice. Uz nakit su istaknuti nalazi poput ostruga.This paper provides an analysis of early medieval cemeteries of significance located on the territory of today’s north-western Bosnia and Herzegovina. This covers Gomjenica - Baltine bare, Mahovljani - Kužno groblje, Bagruša and Junuzovci. The study includes comparisons of their distinctive characteristics as well as the correlation between them. A lot of importance was given to the discovered material. The cemeteries predominantly date back to the period between the 9th and 11th century. The span of their use was marked by conquests and trade ventures which led to the occurrence of numerous different cultural spheres (Bijelo brdo, Old Croatian and Köttlach culture, along with Old Hungarian material). Jewelry such as earrings, rings, and necklaces make up most of the finds. Apart from jewelry, spurs stand out as another notable find
Pitanja autorskog prava u politikama otvorene znanosti hrvatskih znanstvenih ustanova
No full textU europskom istraživačkom prostoru jasno je iskazano opredjeljenje ka ostvarivanju otvorene znanosti, a ERA Policy Agenda kao prvi prioritet postavlja otvoreno dijeljenje znanja i ponovnu upotrebu rezultata istraživanja, dok istodobno prepoznaje da je za ostvarivanje tog cilja potrebna i promjena zakonodavnog i regulatornog okvira vezanog uz autorsko pravo. Većina europskih zemalja adresira pitanja otvorene znanosti i s njima vezana autorskopravna pitanja na nacionalnoj razini - zakonima, politikama ili strategijama. U Hrvatskoj još nije usvojena nacionalna politika otvorene znanosti, stoga je za ostvarivanje ciljeva i implementaciju otvorenog pristupa znanstvenim rezultatima (prvenstveno znanstvenim publikacijama) važno kako se to pitanje rješava na razini pojedinih ustanova. Pojedine, iako ne i sve, ustanove u sustavu znanosti i visokog obrazovanja usvojile su institucijske politike otvorene znanosti ili otvorenog pristupa. Sadržaj, obuhvat i pristup određenim temama u tim se politikama ponekad znatno razlikuju, iako upravo pravilna formulacija može biti presudna za kasniji uspjeh u implementiranju politike. Posterom će se prikazati usporedba postojećih politika u nekoliko elemenata: spominje li se pitanje autorskog prava i intelektualnog vlasništva? Ako da, za koje vrste istraživačkih rezultata, na koji način i koja su prava i obaveze pojedinih dionika unutar ustanove? Uz to, ispitat će se stav ustanova prema korištenju otvorenih licencija za različite vrste sadržaja
Some psychological determinants of adherence in taking endocrine therapy in women with breast cancer
No full textUvod: Istraživanja ustrajnosti u uzimanju lijekova pokazuju relativno nisku ustrajnost kod svih lijekova, no od posebnog su interesa podaci koji ukazuju na nisku ustrajnost kada se radi o malignim bolestima, posebice raku dojke. Tako istraživanja pokazuju kako čak 50% žena oboljelih od raka dojke nije ustrajno u uzimanju endokrine terapije nakon aktivnog liječenja. Unatoč dokazanoj učinkovitosti dugotrajne primjene endokrine terapije u smanjenju recidiva i smrtnosti od raka dojke, često se bilježi smanjena ustrajnost u redovitom uzimanju iste, a čimbenici koji tome doprinose još uvijek nisu u potpunosti razjašnjeni.
Cilj: Cilj je ovog istraživanja bio utvrditi doprinos sociodemografskih varijabli – dobi i bračnog statusa, varijabli povezanih sa zdravljem – proširenosti bolesti, propuštanja doze endokrine terapije i promjena u endokrinoj terapiji te psiholoških varijabli - anksioznosti i depresivnosti, lokusa kontrole te uvjerenja o endokrinim i općim lijekovima na ustrajnost u uzimanju endokrine terapije kod žena oboljelih od raka dojke.
Metoda: Sudionice su bile žene oboljele od raka dojke starije od 18 godine koje su najmanje 6 mjeseci na endokrinoj terapiji i nemaju psihijatrijskih bolesti (N=120) ispunile su Upitnik o ustrajnosti u uzimanju lijekova, Upitnik anksioznosti i depresivnosti, Upitnik uvjerenja o lijekovima, Upitnik uvjerenja o endokrinim lijekovima i Upitnik za ispitivanje percipiranog izvora kontrole zdravlja te su prikupljeni podaci o bolesti i liječenju te sociodemografski podaci.
Rezultati: Pokazano je da su propuštanje doze lijeka, promjena lijeka u procesu liječenja i vjerovanje o štetnosti lijekova značajni prediktori ustrajnosti u uzimanju endokrine terapije. Tim varijablama objašnjeno je 24% varijance ustrajnosti u uzimanju endokrine terapije kod žena oboljelih od raka dojke. Ovim istraživanjem nije dobiven doprinos dobi i bračnog statusa, proširenosti bolesti, anksioznosti i depresivnosti, lokusa kontrole te uvjerenja o nužnosti lijekova, prekomjernog propisivanja lijekova od strane liječnika niti zabrinutosti oko uzimanja lijekova na ustrajnost u uzimanju endokrine terapije u žena oboljelih od raka dojke.
Zaključak: Ovi rezultati ukazuju na kompleksnost odluka o uzimanju lijekova u žena oboljelih od raka dojke i nužnost dodatnih provjera mogućih čimbenika koji su povezani s ustrajnosti u liječenju.Introduction: Approximately 80% of breast cancer patients are diagnosed with hormone receptor-positive tumors. For these patients, adjuvant endocrine therapy (AET) is a cornerstone of treatment and typically includes tamoxifen or aromatase inhibitors (AIs), with or without gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists, depending on tumor characteristics and menopausal status. Current international guidelines recommend a standard treatment duration of five years, although extended therapy up to ten years may be advised based on individual tumor and patient profiles. Robust clinical evidence supports the efficacy of endocrine therapy in substantially reducing the risk of disease recurrence and breast cancer-specific mortality. Nonetheless, despite these well-established benefits, suboptimal adherence to AET presents a persistent and significant clinical concern. While non-adherence is recognized across various therapeutic domains, its prevalence in the context of oncology—and breast cancer in particular—is especially alarming. Empirical data indicate that up to 50% of patients discontinue or inconsistently adhere to endocrine therapy following completion of active treatment, thereby potentially compromising long-term clinical outcomes. This reduced adherence persists despite the proven efficacy of long-term endocrine therapy in lowering recurrence rates and improving survival outcomes. The multifactorial nature of adherence behaviour in this setting remains insufficiently understood, warranting further investigation to elucidate the underlying determinants and to develop targeted interventions aimed at improving adherence to medication. Socioeconomic factors associated with lower adherence to endocrine therapy among women with breast cancer include older age (>70 years), younger age (<40 years), and lower socioeconomic status. Some studies have indicated that being in a committed partnership or marriage is positively associated with better adherence. Among healthrelated factors, a higher burden of comorbidities has been linked to reduced adherence. In patients with early-stage breast cancer, higher adherence has been observed among those with higher tumor grade and lymph node involvement, compared to those with lower-grade tumors. A switch from tamoxifen to aromatase inhibitors within the first year of treatment has been associated with decreased adherence. Additionally, adverse effects of endocrine therapy have been frequently reported in the literature as a primary reason for treatment discontinuation. Among psychological factors, anxiety and depression have been consistently associated with lower adherence to endocrine therapy. Other relevant psychological predictors include an external health locus of control and negative beliefs about medications—specifically, beliefs that medications are harmful, unnecessary, overprescribed by physicians, and concerns regarding their use.
Aim of the study: This study had two primary aims. The first aim was to examine adherence to endocrine therapy in a sample of women diagnosed with breast cancer in the Republic of Croatia. The second aim was to investigate the contribution of sociodemographic variables (age and marital status), health-related variables (disease extent, changes in therapy, and missed doses of endocrine therapy), and psychological variables (levels of anxiety and depression, health locus of control, and beliefs about general and specific endocrine medications) to adherence to endocrine therapy among women with breast cancer.
Participants: This study included 120 women diagnosed with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer who were either currently undergoing or had previously received adjuvant endocrine therapy, including tamoxifen, aromatase inhibitors (AIs), and/or gonadotropinreleasing hormone (GnRH) agonists. Eligibility criteria included: female sex, age over 18 years, a minimum of six months of continuous endocrine therapy, and absence of diagnosed psychiatric disorders. All participants provided informed consent prior to enrollment. Participants ranged in age from 39 to 75 years, with a mean age of 56.2 years (SD = 6.84). The majority resided in urban areas with more than 200,000 inhabitants (43.3%), while 10% lived in rural settlements with fewer than 1,000 residents. In the total sample, 70% of participants were married and 86.7% had children. Most participants had completed secondary education (45%). Regarding employment status, 50.8% of participants were employed full-time, and 7.5% were on medical leave at the time of data collection. The average duration of breast cancer was 4.7 years (SD = 3.68), ranging from 6 months to 20 years. None of the participants had metastatic disease, while 41.3% had been diagnosed with locally advanced breast cancer. The mean duration of endocrine therapy was 44.1 months (SD = 32.32), or approximately 3.6 years, with a range from 0 months (indicating non-adherence) to a maximum of 156 months. The median duration of therapy was 36 months. Additionally, 32.4% of participants reported having experienced a change in their endocrine therapy regimen during treatment.
Instruments: Medication adherence was assessed using the Medication Adherence Report Scale (MARS_5). Psychological variables were measured using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), the Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire (BMQ), and the Beliefs about Endocrine Therapy Questionnaire. The Perceived Health Locus of Control Questionnaire (ZLK_90) was used to assess participants’ beliefs about control over their health outcomes. In addition, a structured questionnaire was used to collect sociodemographic data (e.g., age, marital status) and clinical information, including disease stage, treatment type, therapy changes, and frequency of missed doses.
Procedure: The study was conducted at the University Hospital Centre Zagreb, specifically at the Breast Cancer Outpatient Clinic of the Department of Oncology. Additional participants were recruited in collaboration with two breast cancer patient organizations: Caspera (Split) and Nismo same (Zagreb). After confirming eligibility criteria, participants were informed about the purpose and procedures of the study and provided written informed consent. They were then asked to complete a battery of self-report questionnaires, either during their regular clinic visits or in patient organizations. Clinical data were obtained through medical records and participant self-reports. Data collection was carried out between October and December 2024.
Data Analysis: Descriptive statistics were used to summarize participant characteristics. Correlation and regression analyses were conducted to examine the relationship between sociodemographic, clinical, and psychological variables and adherence to endocrine therapy. Statistical significance was set at p < .05.
Results: The results show that 26.2% of participants reported having missed at least one dose of their prescribed endocrine therapy in the past month, with the number of missed doses ranging from 1 to 30. A total of 15.7% of participants reported that they had considered discontinuing endocrine therapy. The most frequently reported reasons for discontinuation were side effects and psychological factors associated with taking endocrine therapy. Among participants who reported considering discontinuation, the average duration of therapy was 3 years and 8 months. Notably, 84.4% of participants stated they would be willing to extend the duration of their endocrine therapy if recommended. Within the total sample (N = 120), 7.5% of participants had experienced a temporary interruption in their treatment, ranging from 2 to 60 months. Overall, 42.5% of participants reported full adherence to their prescribed endocrine therapy. Analysis of the mean scores on the psychological scales revealed that participants, on average, reported low levels of depressive symptoms. Anxiety levels were within the nonclinical range but were near the upper threshold of that category. Scores on the Beliefs about Overprescription of Medicines and Beliefs about Harmfulness of Medicines subscales were, on average, in the moderate range. In contrast, scores on the Beliefs about the Necessity of Endocrine Therapy and Concerns about Endocrine Therapy subscales approached the upper end of the scale, indicating a high level of endorsement of both beliefs among participants. The results show that missing a medication dose, changing the medication during the treatment process and belief about the harmfulness of medications are significant predictors of adherence in taking endocrine therapy regularly. These variables explained 24% of the variance of adherence in taking endocrine therapy in women with breast cancer. This research did not find the contribution of age and marital status, cancer stadium, anxiety and depression, locus of control and beliefs about the necessity of medications, excessive prescription of medications by doctors, or concerns about taking medications on adherence in taking endocrine therapy in women with breast cancer.
Conclusion: These results indicate the complexity of decisions about taking medication in women with breast cancer and the necessity of additional studies of possible factors that are associated with adherence in taking endocrine therapy in women with breast cancer
Local development based on the examples of the cities of Varaždin County
No full textUloga je lokalne samouprave poticanje razvoja lokalne zajednice. Tako lokalni razvoj podrazumijeva sve aktivnosti vezane uz planiranje i provedbu inicijativa društveno-ekonomskog razvoja naselja ili općine sa svrhom unapređenja kvalitete života, javnih službi i okoliša, te promoviranje akumulacije i obnavljanja materijalne imovine i zaštita prirodnog i izgrađenog okoliša (Odraz.hr, n.d.). Konkretno lokalni razvoj se može sagledati u primjerima izgradnje i poboljšanje infrastrukture, poboljšanje zdravstvene skrbi i obrazovanja te općenito poboljšanje općih životnih uvjeta građana. Lokalna samouprava ima ulogu prepoznavanja potreba građana te zajedničkim dijalogom s različitim akterima društva doći do rješenja. Primjećuje se kako su u Hrvatskoj neke lokalne samouprave djelotvornije i uspješnije u provedbi projekata i akcija koji poboljšavaju opći životni standard građana. Kao primjer, mogu se istaknuti gradovi i općine Varaždinske županije. U ovom se radu provodila analiza i prikaz sekundarnih podataka kojom su se detaljno analizirali pokazatelji lokalnog razvoja gradova Varaždinske županije, kao i tematska analiza podataka na temelju provedenih intervjua i fokus grupa. U okviru istraživanja, provedena su četiri polustrukturirana intervjua te dvije fokus grupe s građanima. Rezultati istraživanja pokazali su kako Varaždinska županija i gradovi županije imaju visoke indekse razvijenosti te svakim mjerenjem indeks raste.The role of local government is to encourage the development of the local community. Thus, local development includes all activities related to planning and implementing initiatives for the socio-economic development of a settlement or municipality with the purpose of improving the quality of life, public services and the environment, and promoting the accumulation and renewal of material assets and protecting the natural and built environment (Odraz.hr, n.d.). Specifically, local development can be seen in examples of building and improving infrastructure, improving healthcare and education, and generally improving the general living conditions of citizens. Local government has the role of recognizing the needs of citizens and, through joint dialogue with various stakeholders in society, finding solutions. It has been noted that in Croatia, some local governments are more efficient and successful in implementing projects and actions that improve the general standard of living of citizens. As an example, the cities and municipalities of Varaždin County can be highlighted. This paper analyzed and presented secondary data, which provided a detailed analysis of local development indicators of the cities of Varaždin County, as well as thematic analysis of data based on interviews and focus groups. As part of the research, four semi-structured interviews and two focus groups with citizens were conducted
Compliance with Grice's Maxims in the Headlines of Croatian News Portals
No full textU ovom se završnom radu analiziraju komunikativne maksime Paula Henryja Gricea u novinskim člancima hrvatskih portala (Jutarnji list, Večernji list, Nacional i 24sata). U prvom se dijelu rada definira pragmalingvistika te se objašnjavaju njezini temeljni pojmovi. Zatim se opisuje Griceovo načelo suradnje i njegove komunikacijske maksime: maksima kvantitete, kvalitete, relacije i modaliteta. U središnjem, praktičnom se dijelu rada analizira deset novinskih članaka političke tematike s hrvatskih portala. Za svaki od deset članaka provedena je analiza s ciljem utvrđivanja razine poštivanja Griceovih maksima. Kako bi se objektivno donio sud o razini pridržavanja maksima kvantitete, relacije i modaliteta provedena je anketa s izvornim govornicima hrvatskoga jezika. Poštivanje maksime kvalitete utvrđeno je opisnom analizom, dok se o preostalim maksimama (kvantiteta, relacije i modaliteta) zaključak donosi na temelju analize rezultata provedene ankete tj. na temelju odgovora izvornih govornika hrvatskoga jezika
Predictors of intentions towards infidelity
No full textNevjera ili prevara najčešći je razlog prekida romantičnog odnosa te ostavlja duboke psihološke i emocionalne posljedice na pojedince. Unatoč tome, stope nevjere u društvu su visoke. Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je ispitati koji su faktori povezani sa sklonošću nevjeri u romantičnim odnosima te ustanoviti koja skupina faktora (sociodemografski faktori, individualni faktori ili faktori odnosa) najbolje predviđa sklonost nevjeri u romantičnim vezama. Podaci su prikupljeni online upitnikom u kojem je sudjelovalo 318 sudionika koji su trenutno u heteroseksualnoj romantičnoj vezi. Dobiveni rezultati pokazuju da su muškarci, osobe manje predanosti vezi i osobe koje alternative trenutnom odnosu percipiraju kvalitetnijima sklonije nevjeri u romantičnim vezama. Najboljim sklopom prediktora sklonosti nevjeri pokazali su se faktori odnosa, a samostalni doprinos predviđanju sklonosti nevjeri zamijećen je kod varijable dobi, straha od propuštanja, predanosti vezi, kvalitete alternativa vezi te stupnja ulaganja u vezu.Infidelity is the most common cause of romantic relationship dissolution and leaves profound psychological and emotional consequences on individuals. Despite this, rates of infidelity in society remain high. The aim of this study was to examine the factors associated with the intentions towards infidelity in romantic relationships and to determine which group of factors (sociodemographic, individual or relational) best predicts intentions towards infidelity. Data was collected via an online questionnaire completed by 318 participants who were currently engaged in a heterosexual romantic relationship. The results indicated that men, individuals with lower commitment to their relationship and those who perceive available alternatives as of higher quality were more prone to infidelity. Relationship factors emerged as the best set of predictors of intentions toward infidelity. Additionally, independent contributions to the prediction of infidelity tendencies were found for the variables of age, fear of missing out, relationship commitment, perceived quality of alternatives, and investment in the relationship
Surveillance systems SORM and Prism
No full textSORM (Система Оперативно-Розыскных Мероприятий) i PRISM (SIGAD US-984XN), dva značajna sustava za masovni nadzor koji se koriste u Rusiji i Sjedinjenim Američkim Državama, ilustriraju napredak tehnologije u obavještajnom sektoru, ali isto tako postavljaju pitanje o granicama između nacionalne sigurnosti i temeljnih ljudskih prava. Posljedice ovakvih sustava na društvo su velike jer povećavaju mogućnost nepovjerenja građana prema državnim institucijama i osjećaj nesigurnosti. Oba sustava djeluju uz visoku razinu tajnosti te se oslanjaju na suradnju teleoperatera, međutim SORM zahtijeva fizičku opremu u mrežama operatera dok PRISM koristi digitalnu suradnju s više američkih tehnoloških tvrtki kao što su Google, Microsoft i Facebook. Nadalje, velika razlika je i u zakonodavstvu – SORM može djelovati bez sudskog naloga, dok PRISM zahtijeva odobrenje FISA suda.
Ovaj rad opisuje tehničke, pravne i etičke aspekte ovih sustava te govori o njihovim utjecajima na privatnost i sigurnost građana. Nadalje, ukratko su opisani Sigurnosno – obajveštajni sustavi RH te sustav Echelon, kao i programski alati za dubinsku analizu i nadzor. Na kraju, rad razmatra budućnost globalnog nadzora te daje preporuke za zaštitu privatnosti u digitalnom dobu.SORM (Система Оперативно-Розыскных Мероприятий) and PRISM (SIGAD US- 984XN), two prominent mass surveillance systems used in Russia and the United States respectively, illustrate the advancement of technology in the intelligence sector, but also raise questions about the boundaries between national security and fundamental human rights. The consequences of such systems on society are significant, as they increase the potential for citizens’ distrust in government institutions and a general sense of insecurity. Both systems operate under high levels of secrecy and rely on the cooperation of telecommunications operators; however, SORM requires physical equipment to be installed within operators’ networks, whereas PRISM utilizes digital cooperation with several American tech companies such as Google, Microsoft, and Facebook. Furthermore, there is a major legal difference—SORM can operate without a court warrant, while PRISM requires authorization from the FISA court. This paper describes the technical, legal, and ethical aspects of these systems and discusses their impact on citizens’ privacy and security. Furthermore, it briefly outlines the Security and Intelligence Systems of the Republic of Croatia and the Echelon system, as well as software tools for in-depth analysis and surveillance. In conclusion, it examines the future of global surveillance and provides recommendations for protecting privacy in the digital age
Physical Activity and Dietary Habits of Primary School Students
No full textTjelesni aktivitet i prehrambene navike važan su dio odgojno-obrazovnoga procesa. Potrebno je već od prvih razreda posvetiti pažnju razini tjelesnoga aktiviteta i kvaliteti prehrambenih navika osnovnoškolaca kako bi se osigurao njihov cjelovit razvoj. U Republici Hrvatskoj nedostaje istraživanja kojima bi se kvalitativno ispitala mišljenja i stavovi osnovnoškolaca o tim temama te kojima bi se otkrili razlozi postojanja negativnih trendova u njihovim navikama. Sukladno tome, cilj je ovoga rada, primjenom metode rada na dokumentaciji, kategorizirati i analizirati objavljene i dostupne radove od 2014. do 2025. koji kao glavnu temu imaju tjelesni aktivitet i prehrambene navike osnovnoškolaca. Analizirano je ukupno 46 radova, što ukazuje na nedovoljnu zastupljenost radova o toj tematici. Prvim istraživačkim pitanjem došlo se do odgovora o zastupljenosti radova o tjelesnome aktivitetu i prehrambenim navikama o obzirom na različite kategorije: zastupljenost u odabranim časopisima, prema godinama objavljivanja, prema području znanosti autora, prema znanstvenoj prozi, učestalosti istraživačkih i teorijskih radova, metodologiji i metodi prikupljanja podataka, prema uzorku ispitanika i zastupljenosti razreda osnovne škole. Drugim se istraživačkim pitanjem došlo do informacija o: najzastupljenijim glavnim temama radova o tjelesnome aktivitetu i prehrambenim navikama osnovnoškolaca, razini dnevne tjelesne aktivnosti, odnosu prema sportu, razini sjedilačkoga načina života, kvaliteti školske prehrane, osviještenosti učenika o vlastitim navikama i smjernicama za rad u školama. Rezultati kvantitativnih istraživanja ukazuju na negativan trend tjelesnoga aktiviteta i prehrambenih navika osnovnoškolaca, što zahtijeva brzu i kvalitetnu reakciju stručnjaka. Također, potreban je i doprinos pedagoga u radovima o tjelesnome aktivitetu i prehrambenim navikama osnovnoškolaca, koji trenutačno nedostaje.Physical activity and dietary habits are an important part of the educational process. From the very first grades, it is necessary to pay attention to the level of physical activity and the quality of dietary habits among primary school students to ensure their holistic development. In the Republic of Croatia, there is a lack of research that qualitatively examines the opinions and attitudes of primary school students on these topics, as well as studies that identify the reasons behind the emergence of negative trends in their habits. Accordingly, the aim of this paper, using the method of document analysis, is to categorize and analyze published and available papers from 2014 to 2025 that focus on the physical activity and dietary habits of primary school students. A total of forty-six papers were analyzed, which indicates an insufficient representation of this topic in existing literature. The first research question provided answers regarding the representation of documents on physical activity and dietary habits across various categories: representation in selected journals, by year of publication, by the scientific field of the authors, by scientific prose, frequency of research and theoretical papers, methodology and data collection methods, sample characteristics, and the representation of primary school grade levels. The second research question provided information on: the most common main topics of papers on physical activity and dietary habits of primary school students, daily physical activity levels, attitudes toward sports, levels of sedentary behavior, the quality of school meals, students’ awareness of their habits, and guidelines for practice in schools. The results of quantitative research indicate a negative trend in the physical activity and dietary habits of primary school students, which calls for a prompt and effective response from professionals. Additionally, there is a need for greater involvement of pedagogues in studies on physical activity and dietary habits of primary school students, as their contribution is currently lacking
The relationship between body dysmorphic disorder symptoms, visual perception, and trait anxiety
No full textTjelesni dismorfni poremećaj (TDP) je poremećaj karakteriziran opsesivnim mislima o percipiranim nedostacima u izgledu. Vizualne perceptivne abnormalnosti mogu biti važne u percepciji tih nedostataka, a anksioznost također može biti važna u perceptivnim abnormalnostima. Cilj ovog istraživanja je bio ispitati moderacijsku ulogu anksioznosti kao osobine ličnosti u međuodnosu izraženosti simptoma TDP-a i sposobnosti globalnog vizualnog percipiranja podražaja te lica. Istraživanje je provedeno online putem na 177 sudionika. Samoprocjenom se ispitala izraženost simptoma TDP-a te anksioznosti kao osobine ličnosti, globalna pristranost vizualne percepcija ispitala se uratkom na Navon zadatku, a efekt inverzije lica u vremenu reakcije i točnosti ispitao se uratkom na Mooney zadatku. Rezultati su pokazali značajnu negativnu povezanost između izraženosti simptoma TDP-a i globalne pristranosti vizualne percepcije te efekta inverzije lica izraženog u točnosti. Nije utvrđena značajna
povezanost sa efektom inverzije lica izraženim u vremenu reakcije. Utvrđen je moderacijski efekt anksioznosti kao osobine ličnosti u odnosu između izraženosti simptoma TDP-a i globalne pristranosti vizualne percepcije. Njihova negativna povezanost izražena je tek na iznadprosječnoj razini anksioznosti kao osobine ličnosti. Anksioznost nije moderirala odnos između simptoma TDP-a i efekta inverzije lica, ni u vremenu reakcije ni u točnosti. Rezultati sugeriraju važnost tretmana usmjerenih na razvoj sposobnosti globalnog procesiranja podražaja te na smanjenje anksioznosti kod osoba s TDP-om.Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is characterized by obsessive thoughts about perceived appearance flaws. Visual perceptual abnormalities may play a key role in perceiving these flaws, and anxiety may also influence these abnormalities. This study examined the moderating role of trait anxiety in the relationship between BDD symptom severity and global visual perception of stimuli and faces. The study was conducted online with 177 participants. Selfreport measures assessed BDD symptoms and trait anxiety, global visual perception bias was examined using a Navon task, and the face inversion effect measured by reaction time and accuracy was assessed using a Mooney task. Results showed a significant negative association between BDD severity and global visual perception bias, as well as the face inversion effect measured in accuracy. No significant relationship was found between BDD symptoms and the face inversion effect measured by reaction time. Anxiety moderated the relationship between BDD severity and global visual perception bias, with a negative association found in participants with the highest level of anxiety. Anxiety did not moderate the relationship between BDD symptoms and the face inversion effect in either reaction time or accuracy. These results highlight the importance of treatments targeting global processing abilities and anxiety reduction in individuals with BDD
Automatic identification and classification of culturally significant objects in photographs using artificial intelligence
No full textDiplomski rad istražuje primjenjivost YOLO arhitekture u svrhu automatske identifikacije i klasifikacije objekata od kulturne i povijesne važnosti na fotografijama. Teorijski dio rada obuhvaća temeljne koncepte unutar područja umjetne inteligencije, s fokusom na strojno učenje i konvolucijske neuronske mreže te pruža pregled razvoja YOLO arhitekture kroz različite verzije. Istraživačko-eksperimentalni dio uključuje treniranje različitih veličina modela umjetne inteligencije i njihovu usporedbu kroz niz evaluacijskih mjera s obzirom na broj epoha treniranja. U konačnici su prikazani dobiveni rezultati uz interpretaciju i kratak osvrt na moguće smjerove budućeg razvoja sličnih sustava.The thesis explores applicability of the YOLO architecture for automatic identification and classification of culturally and historically significant objects in photographs. The theoretical part of the thesis covers fundamental concepts in the field of artificial intelligence, with a focus on machine learning and convolutional neural networks and provides an overview of the development of the YOLO architecture through its various versions. The experimental investigation involves training artificial intelligence models of different sizes and comparing them using a set of evaluation metrics relative to the number of training epochs. The results obtained are presented and interpreted and are followed by a brief discussion of potential future directions for developing similar systems