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Hypergraph node representation learning with one-stage message passing
No full textHypergraphs as an expressive and general structure have attracted considerable attention from various research domains. Most existing hypergraph node representation learning techniques are based on graph neural networks, and thus adopt the two-stage message passing paradigm (i.e. node → hyperedge → node). This paradigm only focuses on local information propagation and does not effectively take into account global information, resulting in less optimal representations. Our theoretical analysis of representative two-stage message passing methods shows that, mathematically, they model different ways of local message passing through hyperedges, and can be unified into one-stage message passing (i.e. node → node). However, they still only model local information. Motivated by this theoretical analysis, we propose a novel one-stage message passing paradigm to model both global and local information propagation for hypergraphs. We integrate this paradigm into HGraphormer, a Transformer-based framework for hypergraph node representation learning. HGraphormer injects the hypergraph structure information (local information) into Transformers (global information) by combining the attention matrix and hypergraph Laplacian. Extensive experiments demonstrate that HGraphormer outperforms recent hypergraph learning methods on five representative benchmark datasets on the semi-supervised hypernode classification task, setting new state-of-the-art performance, with accuracy improvements between 2.52 % and 6.70 %. Our code and datasets are available.1</p
Examining factors influencing belonging amongst immigrant adolescents:a scoping review
No full textBelonging, the sense of connection with others, is vital to adolescent development and wellbeing, contributing to lower depression and anxiety, higher academic achievement, and greater social integration. Using Bronfenbrenner's Ecological Systems Model, this scoping review examined individual (e.g., age, gender) and socio-ecological factors (e.g., family dynamics, peer relationships) influencing belonging among immigrant adolescents, identifying their interplay across family, school, and community contexts and the need for multi-level interventions. Using the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology, 25 studies met eligibility criteria. Findings indicated a range of individual-level factors influence belonging across school, family, and community contexts, such as heritage language proficiency enhancing ethnic identity belonging and gender influencing community belonging (with boys reporting weaker belonging). Additionally, socio-ecological factors at the micro, meso, exo, macro, and chrono levels, including family dynamics, peer relationships, school environment, community diversity, and historical context, were found to significantly impact belonging. This review emphasises the complex interplay of these factors and the need for multi-level interventions, such as school-based language support programs and community integration initiatives, to enhance social integration and reduce mental health risks among immigrant adolescents. Future research is recommended to explore belonging amongst Australian immigrant adolescents specifically and to develop comprehensive strategies for enhancing belonging.</p
Does telemedicine technology affect prescribing quality in primary care? The case of antibiotics
No full textWe study the impact of telemedicine technology on antibiotic prescription rates using linked administrative data from Australia on physicians and their patients. We classify physicians by their relative use of virtual consultations after the introduction of government-subsidised telemedicine services and compare their antibiotic prescribing rates before and after telemedicine services became available. We find that more intense telemedicine adopters prescribe less antibiotics while keeping prescribing quality unchanged. Our results are not explained by patient sorting, doctor shopping, or changes in the intensity of consultations.</p
The contested political economy of Norway's oil and gas industry
No full textNorway, Western Europe's largest petroleum exporter, faces a profound paradox: its economic prosperity relies heavily on hydrocarbon production, yet it champions some of the world's most ambitious climate policies. Petroleum exports account for 18 % of GDP and 42 % of total export value, while domestic CO₂ emissions reach 50 million tonnes annually, excluding emissions from exported fuels, which would multiply its climate footprint tenfold. This paper examines Norway's dual role as a strategic energy supplier and a climate leader during a period of European energy insecurity. We analyze the implications of expanding oil and gas exploration on the Norwegian Continental Shelf, assess production- and consumption-based emission accounting frameworks, and propose a more comprehensive climate accountability approach. A new discussion section synthesizes political economy perspectives on the feasibility of reducing production, identifies key actors shaping policy, and evaluates arguments for continued extraction amid global energy transition. Our findings highlight the tension between short-term energy imperatives and long-term climate commitments, offering pathways for reconciling these competing priorities. The study contributes novel insights by integrating emission accounting reform with strategic policy options, advancing the debate on how resource-rich nations can align fossil fuel dependence with climate responsibility.</p
Who stands up to persuade? Voluntary influencers in public support for Pigouvian taxation
No full textWe examine how voters choose to influence others' attitudes toward policy, focusing on the context of Pigouvian taxation. Data from a controlled laboratory experiment show that individuals are generally reluctant to stand up and persuade others. Among those who do, both tax supporters and objectors are equally likely to volunteer—and equally persuasive. As a result, overall negative attitudes toward Pigouvian taxes persist. Moreover, it is the strength of individuals' initial views, rather than an informational advantage, that increases the likelihood of self-nomination as first voters, regardless of the direction of those views. These findings help explain the enduring lack of public support for welfare-enhancing tax policies and suggest avenues for addressing it.</p
Photographing Biblical Modernity:Frank Scholten in British Mandate Palestine
No full textPhotographing Biblical Modernity offers the first in-depth appraisal of the photographic archive of Frank Scholten (1881–1942), a queer Dutch photographer and Catholic convert whose work in Palestine between 1921 and 1923 provides a remarkable lens on the intersecting dynamics of modernity, religion, colonialism, and visual culture. Drawing on over 26,000 photographs, it situates Scholten’s work within transnational religious, colonial, and nationalist networks. Employing a relational methodology, Photographing Biblical Modernity treats photography not merely as visual documentation but as a site of layered cultural encounters shaped by the movements of people, ideas, and ideologies. It interrogates biblical visuality, the performance of indigeneity, intercommunal relations, and the gendered politics of labour and nationalism. Through interdisciplinary engagement with visual culture, Middle East studies, and gender theory, this book considers how Scholten’s positionality offers insights into both the granular details of Palestinian society and broader macro-historical shifts during a period of profound transition. Rather than framing Palestine as a biblical relic, Scholten’s photographs reveal a socially and politically complex society under early British Mandate rule. Ultimately, this book positions Scholten’s archive as a vital historical source for understanding the layered and contested narratives that have defined Palestine’s modern history.
Students as designers with Augmented Reality
No full textThis chapter explores Augmented Reality (AR) in education to support students as designers, highlighting its effectiveness across learning levels and subject areas. It discusses the growing body of research on AR use by teachers and students whilst noting that there is a gap in the literature on student-led AR design. The chapter provides examples of how AR enhances student motivation, understanding of abstract concepts, problem-solving skills, and collaboration, and connects this to Constructionist learning theory and the low floor, high ceiling, wide walls learning approach. Challenges are acknowledged, including the technical complexity of AR platforms, limited resources, and teacher preparedness. The chapter also identifies issues with AR accessibility for students with special needs and teacher hesitation in adopting AR due to unfamiliarity. It addresses the potential of students designing their own AR experiences, drawing on case studies that demonstrate the benefits of design-based learning approaches.</p