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Distortion corrected kernel density estimator on Riemannian manifolds
No full textManifold learning obtains a low-dimensional representation of an underlying Riemannian manifold supporting high-dimensional data. Kernel density estimates of the low-dimensional embedding with a fixed bandwidth fail to account for the way manifold learning algorithms distort the geometry of the Riemannian manifold. We propose a novel distortion-corrected kernel density estimator (DC-KDE) for any manifold learning embedding, with a bandwidth that depends on the estimated Riemannian metric at each data point. Exploiting the geometric information of the manifold leads to more accurate density estimation, which subsequently could be used for anomaly detection. To compare our proposed estimator with a fixed-bandwidth kernel density estimator, we run two simulations including one with data lying in a 100 dimensional ambient space. We demonstrate that the proposed DC-KDE improves the density estimates as long as the manifold learning embedding is of sufficient quality, and has higher rank correlations with the true manifold density. Further simulation results are provided via a supplementary R shiny app. The proposed method is applied to density estimation in statistical manifolds of electricity usage with the Irish smart meter data.</p
Onto-epistemological understandings of generative artificial intelligence in education
No full textOver the past decade, the growth in generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) is reshaping and changing how we interact, learn, and workand is likely to bring ongoing change in the future. However, currenteducational understandings, frameworks, and models concerning digitaltechnologies and digital literacies are remaining relatively static and hierarchical and donot adequately accommodate GenAI’s unique learningcapabilities, creative potential, and agency. In this conceptual article, we use critical dialogic inquiry and employ ecological thinking using thenotion of symbiosis and posthuman perspectives to explore and speculate about the nature of GenAI and its potential impact on educators andlearners. We offer a new way of conceptualizing human relationships with GenAI, which we call“symbi(AI)tic understandings.”Symbi(AI)ticunderstandings acknowledge the evolving and contextual relationships between partners: from balanced mutualism to one-sided commensalismto potentially harmful parasitism. Thus, we position human–GenAI relationships as part of change futures in which there are complexassociations between technology and human endeavor. These understandings aim to foster more nuancedways of being with and thinkingabout technology: ways which are vital for educators and learners as they transition into an era of education with AI
‘The times they are a changing’:negotiating diverse sexualities and masculinities in male rugby union
No full textResearch concerning masculinities and homosexuality reveals contradictory findings, with inclusive masculinity theorists uniquely declaring the declining significance of homophobia in sports. To examine these contested findings, we interviewed straight and gay rugby union players to understand how they reflect on issues of homosexuality and negotiate the associated complexities in changing times. Our findings showed signs of greater acceptance of diverse sexualities yet we still found continued use of homophobic slurs and, at times, overt examples of homophobia. We concluded that the rugby players were subject to competing discourses of homosexuality. On the one hand, they were broadly aware that overt homophobia was now frowned upon and they were accordingly careful to not present themselves as homophobic. On the other hand, many still distanced themselves from homosexuality to ensure that they were not perceived as gay, as they still believed that homosexuality was stigmatised. In discussing our results, we raise critical concerns with inclusive masculinity theory, and illustrate that homophobia still presents as a serious social problem that impacts the health and well-being of queer people yet, at the same time, social change towards greater acceptance of diverse sexualities is an apparent trend.</p
Comments on: exploratory functional data analysis
No full textA useful approach to exploratory functional data analysis is to work in the lower-dimensional principal component space rather than in the original functional data space. I demonstrate this approach by finding anomalies in age-specific US mortality rates between 1933 and 2022. The same approach can be employed for many other standard data analysis tasks and has the advantage that it allows immediate use of the vast array of multivariate data analysis tools that already exist, rather than having to develop new tools for functional data.</p
Information preservation, a neglected component of information literacy:Development of information preservation literacy in rural Bangladesh
No full textThe issue of information literacy (IL) in contexts where people do not have easy access to libraries and to sources of information has not received much attention in IL research. In particular, rural areas in developing countries where there are no public libraries and travelling to town to access information is arduous and time-consuming need a different approach to IL than what is recommended for societies served by public libraries. This article reports on the findings from 52 semi-structured interviews conducted in January 2023 with villagers in two remote and marginalised areas of Bangladesh where an Information and Communication Technologies for Development (ICT4D) project had been conducted in 2016-2019. The findings presented in this paper are based on a thematic analysis of the interview transcripts with a particular focus on the interrelationships between IL and information preservation. The interviews revealed an improvement in IL among the participants in the ICT4D project, as well as among those who had not participated in the project, but had benefited from it indirectly, particularly in relation to preserving information that is useful to them. The authors argue that an important component of IL programmes in marginalised rural communities should be information preservation literacy, that is an awareness of and the skills to keep information that can be useful later on
From strategic HRM to sustainable HRM? Exploring a common good approach through a critical reflection on existing literature
No full textThe emergence of sustainability discourse has provided new avenues and momentum for human resource management (HRM) scholars to extend existing lines of enquiry and to generate new ones. This has led to a surge of research interest in sustainability in the last decade, not least as a response to the growing environmental concerns and, more recently, to the Sustainable Development Goals launched by the United Nations in 2015. The rapidly emerging body of research is accompanied by confusion and critiques regarding what sustainable HRM entails, how it can be measured, and who may benefit. This perspective paper discusses these issues by focusing on common good HRM as the latest variant of sustainable HRM and identifies challenges as well as opportunities for research. It draws on stakeholder theory, legitimacy theory, cultural perspective, and HR ecosystem theory to illustrate how future studies can advance our knowledge of common good HRM by building on the existing strong body of HRM scholarship and embracing a broader range of stakeholders, epistemological perspectives, and methodological approaches.</p
Cloud-native simulation framework for gossip protocol:Modeling and analyzing network dynamics
No full textThis research paper explores the implementation of gossip protocols in cloud native framework through network modeling and simulation analysis. Gossip protocol is known for their decentralized and fault-tolerant nature. Simulating gossip protocols with conventional tools may face limitations in flexibility and scalability, complicating analysis, especially for larger or more diverse networks. In this paper, gossip protocols are tested within the context of cloud native computing, which leverages its scalability, flexibility, and observability. The study aims to assess the performance and feasibility of gossip protocols within cloud-native settings through a simulated environment. The paper delves into the theoretical foundation of gossip protocol, highlights the core components of cloud native computing, and explains the methodology employed in the simulation. A detailed guide has been provided on utilizing cloud-native frameworks to simulate gossip protocols across varied network environments. The simulation analysis provides insights into gossip protocols’ behavior in distributed cloud-native systems, evaluating aspects of scalability, reliability, and observability. This investigation contributes to understanding the practical implications and potential applications of gossip protocol within modern cloud-native architectures, which can also apply to conventional network infrastructure.</p