Monash University Research Portal
Not a member yet
41460 research outputs found
Sort by
Efficient Private Set Intersection by Utilizing Oblivious Transfer Extension
No full textThe private set intersection (PSI) allows two parties to know the intersection of their sets securely without revealing anything else. Many PSI protocols have been proposed, and many efficient schemes are based on oblivious pseudorandom functions (OPRF) built from oblivious transfer (OT). In this paper, we first propose a computationally friendly OPRF protocol by combining an OT extension (Crypto'03) with an oblivious key-value store (OKVS). By directly utilizing our OPRF protocol, we propose our PSI protocol. Compared with the most computationally friendly OT-based PSI protocol KKRT (CCS'16), our protocol can overcome the uncertainty issue of cuckoo hashing and runs faster 22.3% ∼ 41.2%. Compared with spot-low (Crypto'19) that has the lowest communication costs among the OT-based protocols, our protocol can run 69.5 × ∼1/4124.6 × faster than it with only 22% ∼ 23% more communication cost. CM (Crypto'20) aimed to balance computation and communication costs in their protocol such that it can run the fastest when the bandwidth is not high and not low. Our protocol outperforms CM in all settings with 5.8% ∼ 6.4% less communication costs. By utilizing our OPRF protocol, we also propose a more functional oblivious programmable pseudorandom function (OPPRF) protocol, allowing a party to securely obtain the payloads that correspond to common items. Our OPPRF protocol can be 1.7 × ∼1/42.4 × as fast as the state-of-the-art OPPRF protocol (Eurocrypt'21) in the LAN setting.</p
‘I feel like I get something else to think about’:How do Australian young people see their relationship with TikTok?
No full textTikTok has become a significant site for youth culture and simultaneously the focus of a moral panic surrounding its impact on young people. The social media platform's content recommendation algorithm has been framed as ‘addictive’, and young people are often imagined as especially vulnerable to its appeal. TikTok has also been criticised for circulating dangerous or extreme content, unsafe for its young audience. However, absent from this debate is the perspective of young users and an understanding of how they conceptualise their agency on the platform. This paper draws on qualitative interviews with 16 young people, most located in Sydney, Australia, exploring what TikTok means to them, and how the platform affordances enable or limit their usage of the app. Our participants offered complex understandings of the platform that acknowledge its pull, as well as the way they pull TikTok towards the relations of care and friendship they thoughtfully mobilise it for. We argue that these accounts call for a rethinking of agency in and from digital platforms as beyond something that these young people either possess or something that resides in the pull of the platform, and instead consider more relational, place-based and collective agential lived experiences.</p
Universally Composable Traceable Ring Signature with Verifiable Random Function in Logarithmic Size
No full textTraceable ring signatures (TRSs) allow a signer to create a signature that maintains anonymity while enabling traceability if needed. It merges the characteristics of traditional ring signatures with the ability to trace signers, making it ideal for applications that demand both confidentiality and accountability. In a TRS scheme, a ring of potential signers generates a signature on a message without disclosing the actual signer’s identity. However, the identity can be traced if the signer uses the same tag for multiple signatures. This paper introduces a novel formal construction of TRS under universally composable (UC) security. We integrate verifiable random functions (VRFs) and zero-knowledge proofs for membership, employing Pedersen commitments. Our signature schemes maintain a logarithmic size while preserving the UC security guarantees. Additionally, we explore the potential to extend the property of one-time anonymity in TRS to K-time anonymity.</p
Developing a behaviour identification method for healthcare waste management:a case study of hospital waste management in Australia
No full textBackground: Healthcare generates millions of tonnes of waste each year, with some of this waste not getting disposed of in its most appropriate streams. Due to the importance of correct sorting and transporting of generated waste, human behaviour plays a crucial role in the waste disposal process. Thus taking a behavioural science approach to the challenge of healthcare waste management has potential to value-add to existing research and practice efforts. A fundamental step in applied behaviour change projects is the identification of specific behaviours that can have positive impact. To support this, this project developed a new method to comprehensively identify and map the often interconnected waste management behaviours in a healthcare setting. Methods: To develop the new behaviour identification method, previous work on ‘waste flow diagrams’ was extended and overlaid with principles of behavioural science, clearly defining the identified behaviours with regards to their actor, action, target, context and time. The method was applied to the management of waste generated in the perioperative area in a large, metropolitan, public hospital in Australia. Results: Applying the developed method to the management of waste from the described hospital setting identified 184 specific, interconnected waste management behaviours performed by thirteen actor groups (including anaesthetists, surgeons, nurses, technicians, cleaning staff). Conclusion: This project has applied established principles of behavioural science to traditional waste flow diagrams and thereby developed a new behaviour identification method. The developed method lays the groundwork for future behaviour prioritisation work, which can be followed by an investigation of influences on behaviour performance. Ultimately, this process can support the design of a targeted behaviour change intervention to improve healthcare waste management.</p
Accelerating multi-directional diffusion MRI through patch-based joint reconstruction
No full textDiffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) is a valuable technique for studying tissue microstructure and connectivity in the brain. However, acquiring high-resolution dMRI data is time-consuming, limiting its clinical applicability. Traditional parallel imaging techniques can accelerate the acquisition of dMRI, but they are constrained by the geometry factor. In this study, we propose a novel patch-based multiple diffusion directions joint reconstruction method that simultaneously capitalizes on the intra- and inter-image correlation across multiple diffusion directions by grouping similar 3D image patches and then enforces the sparsity of these groups in sensitivity encoding (SENSE) reconstruction, termed PB-SENSE. The simulation and in vivo experiments demonstrated that the proposed method can achieve high-quality images comparable to those obtained from fully sampled data, even with an acceleration of 5. This suggests that the proposed method has the potential to enhance the practical application of high-resolution diffusion imaging.</p
Bridging the Technical Gap:A Unified Representation Framework for Voice-based Community Engagement Platforms
No full textHCI practitioners in development contexts utilize collaborative digital technologies for community engagement in international development, often mediated through platforms like social media, tele-conferencing, and Interactive Voice Response (IVR). However, the lack of standardized representation approaches for these platforms impedes effective communication among stakeholders. We propose a unified graphical framework for characterizing and representing collaborative platforms, focusing on audio/voice-based engagements. Our framework segments community engagement sessions into engagement formats, characterizing them with preconditions, configurations, and outputs, and visualizes them using state machine-based representations. A field study demonstrates the framework’s effectiveness in supporting stakeholder communication for real-life scenarios. We contribute to CSCW literature by providing a standardized approach that offers a common framework/language for discussing, developing, or reconfiguring collaborative platforms. Our findings show that this framework enables non-governmental organizations and researchers to navigate under-explored design spaces, enhancing the utilization of voice-based platforms for engaging distributed marginalized communities.</p
Participatory Grantmaking builds community resilience:lessons and insights from the Cobargo Community Bushfire Recovery Fund
No full textParticipatory Grantmaking (PGM) is gaining traction as an inclusive and democratic funding model that shifts decision-making power to those directly affected by funding outcomes. In parallel, research and practice in disaster resilience increasingly highlight the importance of moving beyond top-down models toward approaches that foster local leadership, strengthen participatory governance, and build adaptive capacity. While PGM aligns with these shifts, most documented examples focus on philanthropic or social justice contexts. There is limited empirical research on how community-led PGM functions in disaster recovery settings or how it contributes to long-term community resilience. This article contributes both theoretical and practical insights by examining a community-led grantmaking initiative established in response to the 2019–20 bushfires in Cobargo, New South Wales, Australia. Through a co-produced case study of the Cobargo Community Bushfire Recovery Fund (CCBRF), we explore how PGM can serve not only as a funding mechanism but also as a relational and resilience-building practice. We identify factors that enabled or constrained implementation and show how community-led PGM helped strengthen key resilience capacities, including local leadership, collaborative decision-making, and social and economic capital. In doing so, the article responds to calls from communities, governments, disaster management agencies, and scholars for place-based investment models that support self-determination and local capability. We conclude that community-led grantmaking offers a scalable and context-responsive framework for operationalising resilience – when grounded in local practice and structurally supported by inclusive policy and institutional settings.</p
Traversing self and other:the professional identity of immigrant English teachers
No full textThe professional identity of immigrant English teachers (IETs) in Australia is profoundly shaped by their lived experiences and systemic positioning as the marginalized “Other.” Misrecognition stemming from non-native accents, linguistic varieties, race, culture, and foreign qualifications often situates IETs in deficit-based frameworks compared to white native English-speaking teachers. Employing hermeneutic phenomenology and narrative inquiry, this long-term study examines how IETs navigate systemic barriers and discursive contestations to reconstitute their professional identities informed by their lived experiences over time. Drawing on concepts of self and the Other, power, dialogism, and hybridity, the findings reveal that IETs employ critical reflection and agentive strategies to challenge dominant discourses of nativeness and non-nativeness. Despite persistent structural inequities, they demonstrate hybrid professionalism and envision themselves as cosmopolitan educators. The study calls for inclusive policies and practices that recognize IETs’ multilingual and multicultural expertise across migration, settlement, and professional practice phases. Educational institutions must recognize and normalize intercultural capabilities and intersectional understandings of diversity to foster inclusive teaching environments. Beyond education, these findings underscore the broader relevance of addressing systemic barriers for immigrant professionals across sectors. Further research is needed to examine the long-term impacts of such inclusive practices on professional integration, development, and contributions to multicultural educational landscapes.</p
