Lithuanian Sports University Virtual Library
Not a member yet
4708 research outputs found
Sort by
Changes in salivary markers during basketball long-term and short-term training periods: a systematic review /
No full textChanges in salivary markers have been largely assessed during different modalities of long-term and short-term basketball training across different basketball populations. The aim of this paper was to systematically review the literature assessing changes in salivary markers in basketball following long-term and short-term training periods. An electronic database search of articles published until October 2020 was completed in PubMed, SPORTDiscus, Scopus and Web of Science. Studies were then screened and selected using predefined selection criteria with 1080 articles identified. After removing 690 duplicates, 390 articles were included for screening, which revealed 15 articles that met the inclusion criteria. The main findings revealed no changes in testosterone (T), cortisol (C) or their ratio (T:C), while contrasting results were found in immunoglobulin A (IgA) and total protein (TP) levels across long-term periodized training periods in different basketball populations. The analysis of short-term training periods showed that strength-hypertrophy training induced higher C levels compared to a non-exercising day, one-power training and one-endurance training session in female basketball players, while no changes were evident for T and IgA. Moreover, the analysis of salivary markers in response to small-sided games (SSGs) documented a large-to-moderate increase in alpha-amylase (AA) from pre- to post-SSG and inconsistent results of C and T across differently designed SSGs. The current results provide a detailed description of salivary marker changes in response to different basketball long- and short-term training periods, which can help practitioners in designing sound training programmes to optimize players’ fitness and health status across different phases of the season
Comparison of glucose administration routes to determine glucose tolerance in old and young mice /
No full textBackground: It has been observed that old mice have a better tolerance to glucose than young after an intraperitoneal injection of glucose. We hypothesized that an intraperitoneal injection of glucose overestimates glucose tolerance in old mice. Methods: We assessed differences in glucose tolerance outcomes in 2- (young, n=23) and 23- to 27-month-old (old, n=23) male C57BL/6J mice after an intraperitoneal (IP) or intravenous (IV) injection, or oral gavage (OG) of glucose. Results: The area under the curve (AUC) of the changes of blood glucose concentration over 2 hours after glucose administration was lower in old than young animals (p<0.001). The AUC was higher after IV than either IP or OG (p<0.001). However, normalized to peak glucose concentration, the time course was similar in young and old animals, and was – except for an earlier peak in IV than OG (p=0.013) – independent of route of administration. Conclusion: We suggest that 1) to determine glucose tolerance the time course of changes in glucose concentration rather than the AUC, which is significantly affected by excursion magnitude, is preferable; 2) glucose tolerance can be measured equally well with IP, IV and OG; 3) there is no significant age-related difference in glucose tolerance in mice. Keywords: glucose tolerance test, glucose uptake, aging, glucose intolerance, mice, diabetes
Внутрішнє середовище сучасної і соціально відповідальної організації: психологічне благополуччя.
No full textRelevance and novelty. A modern or in other words a modern organization aims to be an open, developing social system. It becomes maximally effective only if it is able to flexibly adapt to changes in the environment – new technologies, consumer needs, changing geopolitical and legal environment and society. Scientists Fayziyev et al. (2022), Abdiyev & Alimardonov (2022), Kudins (2022), Veldman & Willmott (2022), Mireckienė (2021), Linkevičius (2022), Popovič (2020), Pelikšienė (2022), etc. those who have studied the modern organization identify that it is a modern, open to change, learning organization that helps a person acquire competences, adopt the traditions and values of humanistic culture. Forms a creative and responsible, able to communicate and cooperate, effective personality in modern society. The organization's ability to develop is directly related to its ability to solve and manage conflict situations. Since conflicts are an integral part of the organization, it is important how organizations react to them, how they are analyzed, and what methods of resolution are chosen. One of the bright trends of the last few years, which has a long-term perspective and fits well with the concept of a modern organization, is the autonomization of management, forming separate work groups – teams (Kazočiūnienė, 2022; Žymantienė, 2022; Dambrauskienė, 2021, etc.). In this case, stability does not mean constancy or, even more, stagnation, but is focused on stable growth according to possibilities – planned or at least expected. However, the planning and systematicity of activities limit innovativeness, non-triviality, and at the same time, entrepreneurship. On the other hand, such an organization has all the prerequisites to be successful, especially if it operates in areas of activity characterized by a relatively long life cycle. In addition, in such organizations there are favorable conditions for the emergence of atypical strategies offered by individual structural entities. This is due to the fact that not only the strategy determines what structures will be chosen, but the existing structures no less determine the chosen strategy. Research object: the internal environment of a modern and socially responsible organization. The aim. To analyze the internal environment of a modern and socially responsible organization from the aspect of psychological wellbeing. Research tasks: 1. To reveal the theoretical essence of a modern and socially responsible organization; 2. Discuss the internal environment of the organization; 3. To identify the factors of the work environment of a modern and socially responsible organization that promote well-being Methods: Analysis, systematization, summarization and comparison of scientific literature
Speed, agility and power potential of young basketball players /
No full textBackground. As basketball constantly evolves, physical performance becomes more and more important. Physical fitness assessments are the most reliable way to find out at what level a basketball player is prepared to perform. Therefore, the main aim of this research was to determine if the speed, agility and power of under-16-year-old (U16) basketball players is related to their playing positions. Methods. The study included (n = 40) young basketball (aged 14.99 ± 0.84 years) players. The variables included height, body mass, body mass index (BMI), fat-free mass (FFM), the percentage of body fat (BF%), the counter movement jump (CMJ), counter movement jump with free arms (CMJ free arms), squat jump (SJ), 5m, 10m, 15m and 20m sprints, T-test, Illinois test and 505 test. Results. The results showed that centers are taller and heavier than other positions, while the speed, agility and power of forwards are greater than other positions. Conclusions. At the youth basketball level there are differences in anthropometric and physical fitness testing results between positions. This supports the fact that athletes may be more likely to be selected for a given position based on how their anthropometric and athletic abilities pair with the demands of a given position
Effects of acute noxious heat exposure on the attention required by tasks of three levels of difficulty in young healthy men /
No full textBackground: This article discusses the current knowledge on the effects of heat stress on cognitive abilities. Whole-body hyperthermia (WBH) has a negative effect on mental performance. In this study, we investigated whether short-term whole-body immersion in water at 45°C (HWI-45°C), which induces a strong neurotransmitter and temperature flux without inducing whole-body hyperthermia, would impair mental performance in humans. Methods: Fourteen men (aged 25±6 years) were enrolled in this study and participated in three experiments: (i) a brief (5-min) immersion of the whole body in 37°C water (WI-37°C); (ii) a brief (5-min) immersion of the whole body in 45°C water (HWI-45°C); and (iii) a control trial in a thermoneutral condition at an ambient temperature of 24°C and 60% relative humidity. Before and after immersion, cognitive performance was tested. All tests were performed in a quiet and semi-darkened laboratory. Results: Baseline simple, 2-choice and procedural reaction time and percentage of correct answers did not differ significantly across all trials. 2-choice reaction time was reduced (i.e. faster reaction) only after immersion to 37°C water. Interestingly, only whole-body immersion to 45°C was a sufficient trigger to reduce procedural reaction time. Conclusion: young healthy men do not deteriorate in response to whole-body hot water immersion for a short duration. By contrast, we here show faster reaction time in procedural reaction task, which was the most difficult of the three to perform. Keywords: Heat stress, hot water immersion, cognitive performance
The effect of spinal stabilization exercises and intervertebral differential dynamics therapy on back pain and function condition in lumbar disc herniation.
No full textResearch problem. Lumbar spinal disc herniation causes lower back pain, impaired function, deteriorates quality of life. Spinal stabilization exercises or intervertebral differential dynamic therapy are often used to reduce pain and improve function. However, it is not clear how the complex application of these therapies works in lumbar disc herniation. Research hyposthesis. We hypothesize that spinal stabilization exercises and intervertebral differential dynamic therapy will improve core function and reduce pain in lumbar disc herniation. The aim of the research. To determine the effect of spinal stabilization exercises and intervertebral differential dynamic therapy on back pain and functional condition of lumbar spine hernia. Reaearch tasks: 1. To evaluate the effect of spinal stabilization exercises on back pain and functional condition in lumbar spine hernia. 2. To evaluate the effect of spinal stabilization exercises and intervertebral differential dynamic therapy on back pain and functional condition. 3. To compare the effects of spinal stabilization exercises and intervertebral differential dynamic therapy on back pain and functional status. Research methods. The study included 24 individuals with lumbar spine hernia, of which 13 were women and 11 were men. The study included individuals who were diagnosed with intervertebral disc herniation in the L4-L5 or L5-S1 segment. Subjects' pain intensity was assessed on a numerical analog scale (SAS), the Ito test was used to assess back muscle static endurance, the McGill test was used to assess the static endurance of the abdominal muscles, and the Oswestry Disability Index Questionnaire was used to assess functional condition. Results. The study and control groups results showed that both groups had a statistically significant improvement in reducing pain intensity (p0,05). Conclusions: 1. Spinal stabilization exercises effectively reduced back pain and disability, increased abdominal and muscular static endurance. 2. Spinal stabilization exercises and intervertebral differential dynamic therapy have been effective in reducing back pain and disability, increasing abdominal and muscular static endurance. 3. Spinal stabilization exercises and intervertebral differential dynamic therapy were more effective in increasing abdominal and back muscle static endurance and reducing back pain than spinal stabilization exercises alone, but the effects on disability were similar
The benefits of physical activity for the elderly.
No full textThe objects of the study: the impact of physical activity on physical capacity and quality of life in older people. The relevance of the study: the level of physical activity of the elderly population is still low and the quality of self-esteem of the target group is low. Lack of motivation and knowledge of physical activity and diseases of the circulatory system in the elderly. Research methods: questionnaire (standardized Yesavage questionnaire geriatric depression scale (GDS)). The following data of the participant are recorded: EQS, calculated BMI (body composition with medical electronic scales), strength, flexibility and endurance tests. Blood test. Hypothesis: physically active older people are less likely to experience depression, are more active and healthier than people who are less physically active and lack motivation for physical activity. The goal of the sdudy: to analyze the benefits of physical activity of older people for their health. The following objectives were set to reach the aforementioned goal: 1. Identify and evaluate the effects of strength, flexibility, and endurance training on the ability of older people; 2. To identify and evaluate the links between strength, flexibility and endurance training and quality of life in older people; 3. Identify and evaluate the interrelationships between strength, flexibility, endurance training, and depression in the elderly. Findings of the study: 1. Evaluating the results obtained by the participants, we can state that, flexibility, endurance training for the elderly improves physical capacity and there is a need to maintain or improve health care. 2. Older people attending strength, flexibility and endurance training monitor the aging process of the Elderly and thus improve the quality of life. 3. Elderly strength, flexibility and endurance training into depressive and emotional experiences
Short-term physical activity reduction effects on muscle strength, body composition and heart rate.
No full textAim of study - To elucidate the influence of short - term reduction of physical activity on the voluntary isometric knee extensor and flexor muscle strength, body composition, and heart rate with load. Methods - subjects were divided into two groups: the control group and the study group. There were 12 subjects in the study group and 12 subjects in the control group. The subjects were young non-athletic boys and girls. Initially, the subjects were acquainted with the course of the study and filled in questionnaires. The body composition of the subjects was then checked with the help of “Tanita” scales. The subjects then performed a heart rate test, during which the pulse was monitored with a “Sigma Pc 3.11” heart rate monitor at a load of 1.5w / kg for 3 minutes and then a 3 minutes with 2w / kg load on the “Monark894E” ergometer without interruption. A third test was then performed, in which four maximal series of extensions / flexions in the isometric muscle contraction mode were performed with the help of “Biodex3” with a rest interval of 1 minute between each movement. After all tests, smart bracelets were issued to subjects to track the number of steps, the average number of steps in the study was to be 2000 steps or less, and the control group continued to maintain its normal physical activity. After two weeks, all tests were repeated in both groups. Results - After two weeks of step reduction interventions, the voluntary isometric force of the knee extensor muscles in the study group decreased, heart rate while performing 2w / kg load increased, and lean body mass decreased. Knee extensor muscle strength decreased by 3%, heart rate increased by an average of 2.4% with a 2W/kg load, and lean body weight decreased by 1.2%. Conclusion: 1. After 2 weeks of physical activity limitation heart rate increased statistically significantly while performing 2 W/kg load. 2. Knee extensor muscle strengths decreased statistically significantly after 2 weeks of step restriction to an average of 2,000 steps per day of intervention. 3. After a 2-week intervention limiting the number of steps to 2,000 steps per day, there was a statistically significant reduction in lean body mass
Analysis of the results of world javelin throwers of different age and gender in 2000-2021.
No full textThe dynamics of the world javelin throw results is a key indicator of the athlete’s development. It’s important to find out how the results change over the 21st century, what are the multiannual results change between the leading athletes and is there any statistically significant differences between the main competitions results. Aim: to analyse different age groups and genders elite javelin throwers results in 2000-2021. Objectives: 1) To compare season leaders results in 2000-2021; 2) To analyse the multiannual results change of leading men and women and to predict their results for 2022-2023; 3) To determine the difference between the results of the World Championships and the Olympic Games javelin throw finalists in the qualifying and final stages. Hypotheses: 1) According to the multiannual change in J.Vetter's results, the use of a modified exponential function should predict a men world record in the two incoming years; 2) There are statistically significant differences between the qualification and final results of the main world competitions. Methods: statistical analysis of the results and best lists of elite javelin throwers. Results: 1) In 2000-2021 the results of the season leaders are variable. The mean of the woman results is 69,27±1,80 m, for men 91,57±2,37 m; 2) According to the prediction of results J.Vetter in 2023 should improve the men's world record by 11cm (98,59 m) and M.Andrejczyk exceed 70 m boundary (70,53 m); 3) There’s no statistically significant differences between qualification and final results (p>0,05), except woman’s U-20 World championships results (p<0,05). Corelation between main competitions results fluctuates from very weak to very strong. Conclusion: results of elite throwers in 2000-2021 are variable. J. Vetter and M. Andrejczyk results change shows a world record for men in 2023 and a 70 m for women. Season best results are different from main competition results. There’s no difference between qualification and final results
Safe patient handling education: analysis from European higher education institutions /
No full textObjectives: According to current research, patient handling is not universally taught in academic nursing programs in Europe. Miscellaneous patient handling education may expose students and novice health care workers to occupational hazards, especially if the evidence-based contents of safe patient handling are not recognized. Health care workers deal with high physical workloads daily, which points out the importance of evidence-based curricula contents from the early phases of education. The aim of this study was to describe the patient handling education and to analyse the differences in curricula among higher education institutions (HEIs) in Europe. Material and Methods: The study used a cross-sectional design and was conducted in HEIs educating health care professionals in Europe. The data was collected through a Webropol questionnaire consisting of structured and open-ended questions. Results: Only 68.4% of the respondents stated that they have a framework that guides the patient handling education. Additionally, some answers referred to guidelines that are not adequate to be referred to as evidence-based guidelines on patient handling. There is variation in emphasizing workplace safety and risk assessment issues in the curricula, and variation in teaching of assistive aids. Conclusions: Currently the patient handling education in the studied HEIs does not meet the requirements of evidence-based practice. The establishment of a European-wide framework, including both theoretical and practical training for safe patient handling is needed. The inclusion of risk assessment and workplace safety issues is essential to improve the risk management knowledge and skills and further avoid work-related musculoskeletal disorders