Lithuanian Sports University Virtual Library
Not a member yet
4708 research outputs found
Sort by
Reliability and validity of sprint performance using the Alex7 motorized device /
No full textIntroduction: Advancements in technology have recently made it possible to implement effective training solutions across different environmental conditions. This study evaluated the reliability and validity of measures obtained from the innovative motorized device, Alex7 (Inosportas, Lithuania), and differences in speed and kinematic characteristics between resisted and assisted sprinting in young football players. Methods: Twenty-seven male athletes (mean age: 16.5 ± 0.8 years; height: 179.5 ± 6.9 cm; body weight: 67.7 ± 8.3 kg) each performed 30-m sprints twice under three different conditions: regular, resisted, and assisted sprinting. The Alex7 device provided the assistance and resistance during sprints. Results were compared with those from Witty timing gates. Ground contact time, flight time, stride length, and pace were measured using the OptoJump system. Reliability was assessed using two-way mixed intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) for single measures, the standard error of the mean (SEM), and the coefficient of variation (CV). Pearson's correlation coefficient determined the associations between Alex7 and Witty timing systems. Criterion-referenced validity was based on the mean difference and CV. Systematic bias was determined by limits of agreement using Bland–Altman analysis. Results: Running times obtained using the Alex7 equipment exhibited good to excellent test-retest reliability between sessions (ICC, 0.83–0.94) and good to excellent correlation (Pearson's r = 0.88–0.98) between the Alex7 and Witty systems in both assisted and resisted running conditions. However, the Alex7 device consistently produced longer running times than the Witty device (up to 0.16 s difference, p < 0.001). The different running conditions produced substantial variations in kinematic variables, such as stride length, ground contact time, and running speed (p < 0.001 for all), but the effects on flight time and running pace were smaller. Discussion: The Alex7 device shows high reliability for creating resisted and assisted running conditions for young football players. However, it tends to overestimate running time, necessitating caution when assessing the time parameters
Evaluating the impact of the nirvana fitness and functional training programs on young women’s state of body appreciation and its correlates /
No full textThis study examined the effects of the Nirvana Fitness (NF) program on state body appreciation (BA) and its correlates, as well as the mechanisms that could explain these changes. The study participants were allocated to NF (n = 21) and functional training (control, n = 22) groups and participated in an 8-week exercise intervention. The mean age was 24.4 ± 6.7. The participants filled out online questionnaires on state measures of BA, body surveillance (BS), functionality appreciation, body–mind connection, mindfulness in physical activity (SMS-PA), intrinsic exercise motivation (IM), satisfaction of basic psychological needs, and perceived physical fitness (PPF) immediately after the first and last sessions. The results revealed a significant improvement in state BA and its correlates in both groups, with no changes in PPF in the NF group or IM in either group. An interaction between group and time effects was revealed in a change of relatedness, indicating a stronger effect in the NF group. Positive changes in SMS-PA, BS, and satisfaction of the need for relatedness significantly predicted improvement in state BA. These findings highlight the importance of targeting mindfulness, body surveillance, and relatedness during physical activity in interventions aimed at promoting positive body image in university-aged women
Smart tourism organization activity: the case of influencer as a business marketing tool.
No full textThe аim of the reseаrch. To аnаlyze аnd reveаl the role of influencers аs а business mаrketing in the tourism orgаnizаtion. Reseаrch tаsks: 1. To reveаl the theoreticаl definition of а smаrt tourism orgаnizаtion 2. Discuss business mаrketing tools in а smаrt tourism orgаnizаtion. 3. To reveal influencers аs tourism business mаrketing tool. 4. To аnаlyze the аctivities of а smаrt tourism orgаnizаtion from the point of view of consumers аs аn opinion mаker аs а business mаrketing tool. Reseаrch method: • Аnаlysis of scientific literаture • Conducting quаlitаtive reseаrch, аccording to Chung-Whа аnd Youn-Kyung. 2019 Аttrаctiveness, Prestige, Professionаlism, Informаtiveness, Interаctivity, Imitаtion Desire, Purchаse Intention, аnd Word-of-mouth Recommendаtion Scаles Аdаpted for Use in Sociаl Networks • Mаthemаticаl stаtisticаl аnаlysis of the dаtа is performed, the received dаtа is аnаlyzed аnd systemаtized Conclusion: 1. Smаrt tourism orgаnizаtion is аn orgаnizаtion thаt, even in the presence of flow of dаtа, with the growing risk of informаtion overloаd, is аble to understаnd the needs of customers, providing quаlity аnd professionаl services, implementing the lаtest technologies in order to improve the customer's tourist experience, аnd to get the best feedbаck for its orgаnizаtion 2. Smаr tourism orgаnizаtion is dominаted by the mаin business mаrketing tools - websites, sociаl networks, mobile softwаre, virtuаl аnd аugmented reаlity. However, todаy's most relevаnt mаrketing tools аre sociаl networks (Instаgrаm, Fаcebook) аnd their аpps, which together with trаditionаl mаrketing tools (mediа, websites) аre developing into network mаrketing in tourism. 3. Influencers, аs а business mаrketing tool, аre still relаtively new, but аlreаdy а very effective sphere, which depends on the quаlity of the content presented, or the confidence spreаd by the opinion mаker, but not аll tourism compаnies choose these services, аnd trаditionаl аdvertising methods tend to become less аnd less effective in аttrаcting new customers. 4. The results of the study show thаt the chаrаcteristics of influencers - аttrаctiveness, prestige, professionаlism, informаtiveness, interаctivity, desire to imitаte - аre importаnt аmong respondents of different аges, educаtion, аnd different genders, but а stаtisticаlly significаnt difference wаs found. However, when evаluаting the intention to buy, the distributions in the аnswers of the survey respondents аre stаtisticаlly significаnt between аge аnd educаtion, а lаrger proportion of respondents аged 16-18 аnd 19-25 would not choose to purchаse а service or product thаn hаve no opinion, аs well аs professionаl аnd the mаjority of respondents with secondаry educаtion would not choose or hаve no opinion. Stаtisticаlly significаnt difference wаs found in verbаl recommendаtions, in the 19-25 аge group, when respondents would not shаre the product or service аdvertised by the influencer in their sociаl networks
The effect of locomotor training on gait parameters in pediatric patients with cerebral palsy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
No full textTyrimo pagrindimas. Cerebrinį paralyžių turinčių vaikų lokomotorinės funkcijos treniravimas yra pakankamai nauja sritis, todėl vis dar trūksta duomenų apie tokio treniravimo poveikį ėjimo funkcijai. Tikslas. Analizuojant atliktus mokslinius tyrimus, įvertinti lokomotorinės funkcijos treniravimo poveikį cerebrinį paralyžių turinčių vaikų eisenos parametrams. Metodai. Remiantis PubMed (MEDLINE) ir CINAHL Ultimate (EBSCOhost) atliktos klinikinių atsitiktinių imčių tyrimų paieškos rezultatais, atlikta sisteminė literatūros apžvalga ir metaanalizė. Rezultatai. Į sisteminę literatūros apžvalgą įtraukta 15 mokslinių tyrimų, kuriuose dalyvavo 375 cerebrinį paralyžių turintys vaikai. Atliktos metaanalizės rezultatai parodė, jog lokomotorinės funkcijos treniravimo intervencijos, lyginant su standartiniais cerebrinio paralyžiaus gydymo metodais, pasižymi mažu poveikiu ėjimo greičiui (Cohen d = 0,16), ėjimo ritmui (Cohen d = 0,16) ir žingsnio ilgiui (Cohen d = 0,18). Išvados. Standartinių procedūrų papildymas lokomotorinės funkcijos treniravimo intervencijomis turi mažo dydžio teigiamą poveikį cerebrinį paralyžių turinčių vaikų eisenos erdvės ir laiko parametrams – ėjimo greičiui, ėjimo ritmui ir žingsnio ilgiui. Reikšminiai žodžiai: cerebrinis paralyžius, vaikai, lokomotorinės funkcijos treniravimas, eisenos erdvės ir laiko parametrai
Atskirtį patiriančių vyrų savivertės ir socialinių įgūdžių kaita.
No full textRelevance of the research. Research on social exclusion makes it possible to formulate and present a definition of personal exclusion (Evans, Pelletier and Szkola, 2017), to analyze the phenomenon of exclusion (Levidow and Papaioannou, 2018), to highlight the reasons for the separation of a person or group from family, community, society and normative practices (Tereškinas, Bučaitė-Vilkė, 2015). Analysis of exclusion experiences (Dingle, Cruwys and Frings, 2015), the extent of exclusion (Wilson, Jacues, Johnson and Brotherton, 2017), studies of the personal harm caused by exclusion (Saridi et al., 2017) encourage attention to socially vulnerable groups (Tangcharoensathien et al. al., 2018), invites you to consider the perspectives of inclusion (Valtorta, Kanaan, Gilbody, Ronzi and Hanratty, 2016). Research on social exclusion highlights the problematics of the research field in this area - the most obvious, measurable cause of social exclusion is poverty (Valtorta, Kanaan, Gilbody, Ronzi and Hanratty, 2016). Social exclusion should be seen not only as material deprivation (Evans, Pelletier and Szkola, 2017), it is formed by discrimination (Hall, 2018), which limits a person's participation in social and cultural processes of society (Schmidt, 2014), loss of work, relationships with loss of loved ones (Becker, 2014), imprisonment (Barkauskaitė-Lukšienė and Gudžinskienė, 2013), addiction to alcohol and drugs (Amesberger et al., 2019), loss of health (Kastenbutt, Legnaro and Schmieder, 2014). The study of the problematic field of social exclusion is particularly narrowed by the lack of research on men as a specific social group. Studies rarely analyze the exclusion of men on the basis of society's stereotyping, their social exclusion is rarely viewed as psychosocial insecurity, experienced psychological discomfort (Albert, 2016), experienced feeling of shame, lack of self-confidence, undermining of respect, dignity and self-worth (Panadero et al., 2017). There is an even greater lack of research on the inclusion of marginalized men, their involvement in social life through social activities that bring them together. Research (Schneider & Diehl, 2014; Nelson, Kling, Wängqvist, Frisén & Syed, 2018) has revealed that one of the activities that reduces the social exclusion of men, emphasizes masculinity, helps men to better self-esteem, more self-confidence and involvement in purposeful, social life is sport (Amesberger, Finkenzeller, Muller and Wurth, 2019). However, in order to reduce and overcome long-term social exclusion (Baumer and Meek, 2018), which deeply traumatizes men's personality (Peters, 2018), sports activities alone are often not enough. Making socially significant, positive decisions requires secure social connections (Hall, 2018; Psychou et al., 2019), interpersonal support (Barry et al., 2018). Men can expect this in the groups of social skills development (Warkentin, 2017; Barry et al., 2018), personal growth and social change (Canal-Domínguez, Muñiz, & Suárez-Pandiello, 2017). During such groups (Allen, 2017; Burrmann, 2018; Cronin, De Vita, Donini, & Iovino, 2019), closer interpersonal communication (Coakley, 2015; Carthy & McGilloway, 2015), sharing of sensitive experiences (Trakšelys, 2012; Sami, Mahmoudi and Aghaei, 2015; Fernández-Gavira, HuetteGarcia, & Velez-Colon, 2017; Enright & Gard, 2016), development of opportunities for social inclusion (Šniras, 2013; Noak, Kauper, Benbow, & Eckstein, 2013) are observed. On the basis of the lack of examination of men's social exclusion, self-esteem, and social skills issues, a problematic question was raised - how sports activities and social change group contribute to increasing the self-esteem and social skills development of men experiencing social exclusion? The purpose of the study is to reveal the educational effects of the sports activity and the social change group on the self-esteem and social skills of men experiencing social exclusion.. Research tasks: Name the factors leading to men's social isolation, low self-esteem, lack of social skills; To theoretically base the social skills and self-esteem development model of men experiencing exclusion and to prepare a program of educational impact and monitoring based on it; To determine and evaluate the impact of the sports activities, social skills and self-esteem development program on the social skills and selfesteem of men experiencing exclusion. Research hypothesis. Participation of socially excluded men in sports and social change group activities increases their self-esteem and develops social skills of these men. Research data were collected using a written survey (the questionnaire consists of ten statements about self-evaluation). An interview survey was applied (the change in social skills was recorded using a semi-structured interview). An educational experiment was carried out (possibility to check the change in men's self-esteem and social skills during the group of sports activities and social changes). The study included men selected through purposive sampling (Palinkas, Horwitz, Green, Wisdom, Duan, & Hoagwood, 2015). Two essential criteria were set for this targeted selection: the first criterion – men experiencing social exclusion due to the use of alcohol, psychotropic, narcotic substances, going through a divorce, losing their job, experiencing isolation, in prison, longer or shorter prison sentences and/or serving a probation sentence. The second criterion - men had to participate in an educational experiment for half a year: some men participated in the group of sports activities and social changes for half a year (70 men), other men participated only in sports activities (30 men). The method of quantitative and qualitative data analysis was used for the analysis of research data. The scientific novelty of the dissertation is based on the fact that the analysis of scientific literature, research, and studies made it possible to identify and substantiate the characteristics, causes, and consequences of men's social exclusion, to recognize the uniqueness of men and the needs of this unique social group. Essential theoretical findings are highlighted in the dissertation: research tools and methodologies for assessing social exclusion; methods of organizing sports activities to reduce social exclusion; rograms for social changes, social activities and social decision groups, increasing self-esteem and developing social skills. Using these theoretical findings, the future educational experiment was constructed. The monitoring system developed in the dissertation is intended for monitoring the changes in self-esteem of men experiencing social exclusion and the development of social skills, and establishes the practical significance of the dissertation. The half-year educational experiment, aimed at increasing men's self-esteem and developing social skills, is the first and so far the only one in Lithuania, which has collected empirical data valuable for science. 1. The participation of men experiencing social exclusion in sports activities and in a social change group increases their self-esteem and develops social skills.. 2. Men's participation only in sports activities increases their selfesteem and develops social skills, but not as much as men who participated in the social change group too. Dissertation conclusions, practical recommendations, empirical research data obtained during this dissertation study can be useful for psychologists, social workers, educators, andragogists, sports and other specialists who work with men experiencing social exclusion. Application of the monitoring model in practice can ensure systematic, consistent work in providing assistance to men experiencing social exclusion, increasing their inclusion, integrative perspectives. CONCLUSIONS 1. The analysis of the factors causing men's social exclusion, low self-esteem, and lack of social skills revealed that: men experience social exclusion due to insufficient education, lack of a job, poorly paid work, loss of health, divorce, breakdown of family relationships, separation from friends, relatives, their usual, important activities, hobbies, use of alcohol, narcotic and psychotropic substances, forced short-term or long-term isolation in prison, discriminatory behavior of society towards men, lack of social skills, low self-esteem; men's low self-esteem is shaped by society's stereotypical attitude towards them, men react painfully to society's comments towards them due to their social and emotional vulnerability, low economic status; men's lack of social skills manifests itself in undeveloped social and emotional self-awareness, understanding, self-expression, selfmanagement, limited opportunities to effectively communicate and act, cooperate and make socially responsible decisions. 2. Based on the theoretical basis of the model of social skills and self-esteem development of men experiencing discrimination, and the development of an educational impact and monitoring program based on it, it was revealed that: after highlighting the importance of men's physical self-awareness and positive self-evaluation based on the scientific literature analysis, it became clear that physical activity not only has a strengthening effect on physical health, it defines biopsychosocial health and psychological wellbeing. Therefore, one part of the social skills and self-esteem development model for marginalized men consists of group and individual physical activities during which men can develop social skills and increase self-esteem; another part of the social skills and self-esteem development model of men experiencing exclusion is given meaning by the activities of the social change group. Because stereotypical norms of masculinity, masculine ideology isolate men from psychological support specialists who can help them find more targeted social solutions, but this does not prevent them from talking about their problems in a safe environment of people with similar experiences, and the activities of a social change group are one of such opportunity (empowering vulnerable men to participate in group activities aimed at appropriate social solutions). Therefore, the skills of establishing and maintaining social connections can be strengthened in social decision-making, interpersonal activities, interpersonal support groups, wherever sensitive, but everyone connecting experience can provide psycho-emotional and social strength; a six-month long educational impact and monitoring program based on a theoretically based model of social skills and self-esteem development of men experiencing exclusion can help develop social skills of self-relation (intrapersonal skills), social skills of relationship with the environment (interpersonal skills), social skills of relationship with activities skills (making a self-help plan), analyze and adjust the selfhelp plan (review, analysis, adjustment of the activity plan); evaluate intrapersonal skills and interpersonal skills in terms of self-evaluation (strengthening of self-esteem); evaluate the skills of the relationship with the activity (strengthening of self-esteem). 3. The application of the sports activities, social skills and selfesteem development program had a positive effect on the change of selfesteem and social skills of men experiencing social exclusion. After analyzing the results of the educational experiment, it can be seen that the experimental group of men who took part in both educational and behavioral correction activities - sports and the social change group - experienced extremely positive changes in self-esteem. Men in the experimental group who participated in social change group activities demonstrated better intrapersonal, interpersonal, and relational skills than men in the control group who did not participate in social change group activities. A control group of men who engaged in only sports activities also experienced positive changes in self-esteem, only the changes were less pronounced than in the group that engaged in both activities and whose experimental education was based on a combination of two different methods of education and correction
Krepšinio statistinių rodiklių svarba nugalėtojų ir pralaimėjusių komandų nustatymui U16 MKL čempionate.
No full textThis study aimed to determine basketball performance indicators that differentiate winning and losing teams in the U16 age group, specifically in the MKL championship. The objectives of the study were to investigate the significance of well-studied basketball performance indicators, such as 2-point shooting percentage, 3-point shooting percentage, defensive rebounds, and offensive rebounds, as well as the team defensive pressure based on data from the statistical protocol in the 2- point and 3-point zones. Additionally, the study investigated the significance of basketball performance indicators from an advanced statistical protocol, including assists to turnovers ratio, steals to turnovers ratio, turnover percentage, scoring run, points in paint, fast break points, second chance points, and points from turnovers in determining winning and losing teams. Based on the findings, there is a significant difference in the mean number of points in paint and assists to turnovers ratio between winning and losing teams in the U16 MKL basketball championship. The study showed that points in paint is the second most important factor after scored points, while assists to turnovers ratio is a significant indicator that determines winning and losing teams in the championship. The study's hypothesis that well-studied basketball performance indicators are significant in distinguishing winning and losing teams was confirmed, and the study found that advanced statistical protocol indicators also play a vital role in determining game outcomes. Overall, this study's findings provide valuable insights for coaches and players to identify essential performance indicators to improve their team's game and increase their chances of success in the U16 MKL championship
How to foster intrapreneurial intentions of sport science students? A cross-cultural symmetric and asymmetric approach /
No full textIntrapreneurs are needed in the sport sector due to its competitive nature. However, little attention has been paid to this topic within sport entrepreneurship literature. This paper aims to examine the cross-cultural applicability of Ajzen’s theory of planned behavior for predicting the intrapreneurial intentions (II) of sport science students from two European countries and to discover if there is a moderating effect of country’s culture on the antecedents of II. A questionnaire to collect the data was used. The sample is composed by 736 final year sports sciences students from Spain and Lithuania. The combination of a symmetric (Structural Equations Modelling) and asymmetric (Qualitative Comparative Analysis) approach was used to examine the students’ country culture as a potential moderator. Results indicate Ajzens’s theory of planned behavior as a suitable framework to predict intrapreneurial intentions (II). Moreover, it is highlighted that the country’s culture can have a moderating effect on the university students’ II. Educational policy makers should consider the impact of county culture when promoting intrapreneurial behavior. In Spain, it should be developed a positive attitude towards intrapreneurial behavior, while in Lithuania it is more important to foster that they perceive as having the necessary skills to be an intrapreneur
Effects of dance and movement therapy on physical ability, flexibility and psychological state for individuals under constant stress /
No full textBackground and Study Aim. Dance and movement therapy defined as culturally creative, unique, but at the same time and a universal phenomenon encompassing bodily movements, bodily self – expression, feelings, stories, body interactions with self and others. Aim of the Study was to evaluate the impact of dance and movement therapy on the physical capacity, flexibility and psycho – emotional state of individuals under constant stress. Material and Methods. The study included 18 – 45 years old females (N=20) who has psycho – emotional disorders and came to this facility for rehabilitation treatment procedures. To assess functional physical capacity was used 6 – minute walk test. For flexibility assessment, to determine the mobility of the lumbar cross section of the spine was used Schober's sample. For psycho – emotional state assessment and for setting the symptoms of depression and anxiety in subjects was used Hospital Anxiety and Depression Symptom (HADS) Scale. The fatigue was measured by Fatigue Impact Scale. Results. Positive statistically significant change in the psycho – emotional state of the subjects was in both groups, however in dance and movement therapy group this state improvement is twice large than in physiotherapy group. The mean values of the HADS scale decreased by 3.1 ± 3.981 points in the first group of subjects treated with physiotherapy and by 6.9 ± 4.62 points in the second group treated with dance and movement therapy. During physical capacity assessment we observe a statistically significant basic change in both groups. In the first study group the average 6 – minute test increased by 35.2 ± 24.89 meters and in the second study group by 27.5 ± 19.44 meters. Conclusions. Dance movement therapy has a positive effect on psycho – emotional state, flexibility and physical ability of people experiencing constant stress. As observed, dance and movement therapy have a positive effect not only on flexibility or physical ability, but also on psycho – emotional state. Dance and movement therapy can be easily applied among different age population. All this makes physiotherapy a highly essential tool to improve person‘s well – being and quality of life
Evidence for the utility of cfDNA plasma concentrations to predict disease severity in COVID-19: a retrospective pilot study /
No full textBACKGROUND: COVID-19 is a worldwide pandemic caused by the highly infective SARS-CoV-2. There is a need for biomarkers not only for overall prognosis but also for predicting the response to treatments and thus for improvements in the clinical management of patients with COVID-19. Circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) has emerged as a promising biomarker in the assessment of various pathological conditions. The aim of this retrospective and observational pilot study was to investigate the range of cfDNA plasma concentrations in hospitalized COVID-19 patients during the first wave of SARS-CoV-2 infection, to relate them to established inflammatory parameters as a correlative biomarker for disease severity, and to compare them with plasma levels in a healthy control group. METHODS: Lithium-Heparin plasma samples were obtained from COVID-19 patients (n = 21) during hospitalization in the University Medical Centre of Mainz, Germany between March and June 2020, and the cfDNA concentrations were determined by quantitative PCR yielding amplicons of long interspersed nuclear elements (LINE-1). The cfDNA levels were compared with those of an uninfected control group (n = 19). RESULTS: Plasma cfDNA levels in COVID-19 patients ranged from 247.5 to 6,346.25 ng/ml and the mean concentration was 1,831 ± 1,388 ng/ml (± standard deviation), which was significantly different from the levels of the uninfected control group (p < 0.001). Regarding clinical complications, the highest correlation was found between cfDNA levels and the myositis (p = 0.049). In addition, cfDNA levels correlated with the "WHO clinical progression scale". D-Dimer and C-reactive protein (CRP) were the clinical laboratory parameters with the highest correlations with cfDNA levels. CONCLUSION: The results of this observational pilot study show a wide range in cfDNA plasma concentrations in patients with COVID-19 during the first wave of infection and confirm that cfDNA plasma concentrations serve as a predictive biomarker of disease severity in COVID-19
Strength gains after 12 weeks of resistance training correlate with neurochemical markers of brain health in older adults: a randomized control 1H-MRS study /
No full textPhysical exercise is considered a potent countermeasure against various age-associated physiological deterioration processes. We therefore assessed the effect of 12 weeks of resistance training on brain metabolism in older adults (age range: 60–80 years). Participants either underwent two times weekly resistance training program which consisted of four lower body exercises performed for 3 sets of 6–10 repetitions at 70–85% of 1 repetition maximum ( n = 20) or served as the passive control group ( n = 21). The study used proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy to quantify the ratio of total N-acetyl aspartate, total choline, glutamate-glutamine complex, and myo-inositol relative to total creatine (tNAA/tCr, tCho/tCr, Glx/tCr, and mIns/tCr respectively) in the hippocampus (HPC), sensorimotor (SM1), and prefrontal (dlPFC) cortices. The peak torque (PT at 60°/s) of knee extension and flexion was assessed using an isokinetic dynamometer. We used repeated measures time × group ANOVA to assess time and group differences and correlation coefficient analyses to examine the pre-to-post change (∆) associations between PT and neurometabolite variables. The control group showed significant declines in tNAA/tCr and Glx/tCr of SM1, and tNAA/tCr of dlPFC after 12 weeks, which were not seen in the experimental group. A significant positive correlation was found between ∆PT knee extension and ∆SM1 Glx/tCr, ∆dlPFC Glx/tCr and between ∆PT knee flexion and ∆dlPFC mIns/tCr in the experimental group. Overall, findings suggest that resistance training seems to elicit alterations in various neurometabolites that correspond to exercise-induced “preservation” of brain health, while simultaneously having its beneficial effect on augmenting muscle functional characteristics in older adults