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Comparative evaluation of the frequency of myofibroblasts between oral and cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas
Get PDFIntroduction: Differentiation of fibroblasts to myofibroblasts is an initial and very important event in tumor genesis. Myofibroblasts produce proteinases that stimulate invasion in cancers. Due to the more malignant potential of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) compared to cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) , the aim of the present study was to compare myofibroblasts between OSCC and CSCC to understand whether myofibroblasts can help more malignant potential of OSCC compared to CSCC or not.
Materials &Methods: This cross-sectional study included 40 cases of OSCC and CSCC and 20 cases of normal skin and normal oral mucosa. Then, 4-micron sections of paraffin-embedded tissue blocks of studied groups were stained immunohistochemically with α-SMA antibody. Mean percentage of myofibroblasts was calculated in invasive fronts of OSCCs with CSCCs and also in normal samples and staining intensity of cells for α-SMA marker and distribution pattern of myofibroblasts were determined.
Results: The differences of average percentage of myofibroblasts in OSCC and CSCC compared to normal groups were significant (Pvalue= 0.007 and Pvalue=0.003 respectively), but when we compared OSCCs and CSCCs, the difference was not significant. Also, there were no significant differences between OSCC and CSCC with regard to staining intensity and pattern.
Conclusion: Different biologic behavior of OSCC compared to CSCC doesn’t depend on myofibroblasts and other factors can be involved
Evaluation of the effect of handheld mobile phone use on activity of the parotid glands amylase enzyme
Get PDFIntroduction: Alpha amylase is the most abundant enzyme of parotid gland. This enzyme starts digestion of carbohydrates in the mouth. A pair of parotid glands is located in front of ears. Several studies have been conducted on the effects of mobile phones on the parotid gland. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of mobile phones on the activity of the amylase enzyme.
Materials &Methods: Totally, 251 men and women aged 18 to 55 years, who only used Hamrahe Aval's operator were included. Parotid salivary samples of each individual were bilaterally collected using capillary tube placed in the vicinity of Stensen's duct. Bilateral amylase activity of each individual was evaluated with spectrophotometric method in the laboratory considering dominant sides of phone conversation and chewing. Data were analyzed using Two-way ANOVA, χ2, T test and SPSS software.
Results: The relationship between the dominant phone conversation side and parotid amylase activity was not statistically significant but the correlation between prevailing chewing side and amylase activity was statistically significant (p=0.001).
Conclusion: Handheld mobile phone was not effective on parotid amylase enzyme activity whereas chewing was effective on parotid amylase enzyme activity
Quantity and quality of solid wastes produced in dental offices of babol city
Get PDFIntroduction: Dental wastes due to having bacterial disease-causing agents and toxic chemicals are categorized in hazardous wastes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the quantity and composition of dental waste produced by general and specialized dental offices in babol city.
Materials &Methods: From all dental offices (170 and 40 dental offices were related to general and specialized respectively) in babol city, 20 general and 5 specialized offices were randomly selected. Waste samples were collected three times a week (Sunday, Monday and Tuesday), 50 sub-groups were separated and weighted by a digital scale with accuracy of 0.01 gram. The data were presented by excel and word software in figures and tables.
Results: The total wastes of general and specialized offices were 11829 and 2831.5 kg/year, respectively. The percentages of domestic-type, infectious, pharmaceutical and toxic wastes in general dental offices were 52.5%, 42.5%, 4.7% and 0.3%; and in specialized offices were 42.5%, 50%, 7% and 0.5%, respectively. Most components in a variety of dental waste included plastic, paper, plaster molds, glass and metal.
Conclusion: Due to the large contents of plastic, paper, plaster molds, glass and metals in domestic- type and infectious wastes produced in the general and specialized dental offices, it is necessary to manage the wastes and their separation and recycling in source place
Tacrolimus and diabetic ketoacidosis after kidney transplantation in a 15-year-old girl (Case Report)
Get PDFTacrolimus is a main drug for induction and maintenance immunosuppression for patients with kidney transplants in many centers. One of important side effect of drug is post-transplant diabetes mellitus. Of course, diabetes ketoacidosis (DKA) is rare. In this report, a 12-year-old girl with DKA was presented after 45 days of kidney transplantation
Effectiveness of group stress management training on affective control and distress tolerance of mothers of children with sensory-motor disabilities
Get PDFBackground: The aim of present study was to determine the influence of stress management on affective control and distress tolerance in mothers of children with sensory-motor disabilities.
Methods: This current study was a study with pretest-posttest and treatment group. The thirty mothers of children with sensory-motor disabilities were selected from sensory-motor disabilities center in Qum by 2015. The participants were randomly divided into control (n=15) and experimental (n=15) groups. Stress management training was conducted on experimental group during 8 sessions (90 minutes, twice per week). The research instrument was Affective Control Scale (ACS, 1997) and Distress Tolerance Scale (DTS, 2005). Participants were taken pre-test measures one week prior to the start of this training. Then the questionnaire was administered at post-test. Statistical analysis was performed using analysis of variance.
Results: The results indicated that there was a significant difference between the pretest and post-test scores in distress tolerance (±SD: 30.2±8.1, 33±9.3; F=7.58) anxiety (±SD:40.5±9.2, 44±8; F=1.79), anger (SD:±25.4±4.1, 39.4±5.6; F=1.03), and depressed mood (SD±27.7± 5.3, 38.6±7.4; F=1.70) in the experimental group (p<0.05). Additionally, the significant difference was not observed between score of pretest and posttest in positive emotion (SD±41.7±9.9, 39±7.48; F=1.08) in the experimental group (p<0.05).
Conclusions: The finding emphasized that the stress management reduced the level of distress tolerance, stress, anxiety, and anger in mothers with sensory-motor disability children. Hence, it can be considered enhancing the affective control in mothers of sensory-motor disability children in therapeutic intervention
Obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome and Pregnancy: a case report and a literature review
Get PDFMany women with polycystic ovary (PCO) are obese. These women have lower clinical pregnancy
rates when compared with their lighter counterparts. We hereby present a case of an obese PCOs
woman, who referred to our clinic, underwent a microinjection, and failed in pregnancy. Then, she
was recommended to have a change of lifestyle and lose weight along taking insulin-sensitizer
medicines. In the following 6 months, she lost 19 Kilograms and referred to us with a spontaneous
pregnancy. The object of this report was to determine the role of insulin intolerance medicines and
lifestyle improvement on enhancing the rate of pregnancy in the PCOs obese women
A comparative study of the effect of the oral gavage and the intraperitioneal administration of Cinnamomum camphora on the number of embryos in mice
Get PDFBackground: According to a popular Iranian belief, Camphor can not only suppress libido but
also decrease the function of the reproductive system. In this regard, this study was conducted to
Methods: In this study, 40 male and 80 female albino mice, weighing 30-35 g, were randomly
divided into 8 groups, including a control group, a sham group that received the vehicle only (olive
oil), and six experimental groups that received Camphor. Three experimental groups received
camphor by p.o. (gavage) and the other three experimental groups received camphor by i.p.
(intraperitioneal) in doses of 10, 20, and 40 mg/kg for 15 days. Mating was confirmed after
coupling a male with a female mouse. Vaginal plaque was also considered for mating. Embryos
were examined during the period of gestation.
Results: The mean number of embryos in control, sham, and received Camphor (10, 20, and 40
mg/Kg) by o. p. were 9.7 ± 4.6, 7.3 ± 4.3, 9.9 ±4.7, 8.6 ± 5.2, and 8.3 ±4.8, respectively. The mean
number of embryo in received Camphor (10, 20, and 40 mg/Kg) by i. p. were 7.6 ± 5.4, 8.3 ± 3.4,
and 7.3 ± 6.2, respectively. There were no significant differences in the number of embryos
between control, sham, and experimental groups in both groups.
Conclusion: Further investigations with more focus on the effect of Camphor on sexual behavior
in mice need to be carried out
History of menstrual disorders associated with gestational diabetes mellitus
Get PDFBackground: Despite the fact that many studies have been published about the risk factors
associated with gestational diabetes mellitus, its prevalence remains high. The aim of this study
was to examine the relationship between the history of irregular menses and gestational diabetes
mellitus among pregnant women.
Methods: This case-control study was conducted on 51 pregnant women with gestational diabetes
mellitus in prenatal clinics of Ayatollah Rouhani hospital in Babol, Mazandaran, from January 1,
2014 to December 31, 2015. At first, women with family history of diabetes mellitus, prepregnancy
diabetes mellitus, previous gestational diabetes mellitus, age >35 years, weight >110 kg
were excluded from the study. Then, one random control was systematically selected for each
case, which was matched for age. All statistical analyses were performed through SPSS (Version
22). P-values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant.
Results: Irregular menses was not associated with gestational diabetes. The mean menarche at age
was lower among the women with gestational diabetes (p=0.03). There was a significant
association between menarche at age and gestational diabetes (OR, 6.74; 95% CI, 1.41-32.17).
Dysmenorrhea did not differ between subjects with and without menstrual irregularities.
Conclusion: We concluded that early menarche at age (<12 years) could be an important
consideration for obstetricians, who adopt a selective screening approach to gestational diabetes
Effect of composite shade, curing time and mode on temperature rise of silorane and methacrylate- based composite resins
Get PDFIntroduction: The present study was performed to evaluate the effects of light-curing modes and shades of methacrylate and silorane-based composite resins on temperature rise during polymerization of composite resins.
Materials &Methods: In this in vitro study, ninety composite samples with two types of composite resin - methacrylate-based and a low-shrinkage silorane-based were prepared, in 3 groups (30 samples in each group), Group 1: Filtek Z250 (shade A3), Group 2: Filtek Z250 (shade B2) and Group 3: Filtek P90 (shade A3). To evaluate temperature changes, 15 samples and the other half were light-cured using the standard and soft start curing modes for 40 seconds, respectively. A k-type thermocouple was used to recorded temperature changes.
Results: Temperature rise in the silorane-based composite resin group (group 3) was higher than that in the methacrylate-based one (group 1) (P<0.001). Temperature rise with the darker shade (group 1) was higher than that with lighter shade (group 2) (P<0.001). Standard curing resulted in more temperature rise compared to soft start curing; however, the difference was only significant in group 2 (P<0.001). In all groups, temperature increased with an increase in curing time and the temperature rise pattern during the first 10 seconds with the soft start curing was not consistent with the standard curing (in group 2 and 3); the temperature rise pattern was milder than the soft start curing (P<0.001).
Conclusion: Factors such as composite resin type, shade and curing mode affected temperature changes in composite resins evaluated in the present study
The Effect of mode of delivery on the umbilical artery pH
Get PDFBackground: Abnormal umbilical cord pH can be indicated a distress imposed of newborn and can also be useful in determining the prognosis of the newborn. There are different views about the effect of the neonatal delivery method on the blood gas analysis of the umbilical artery. This study aimed to determine the effect of the method of delivery on umbilical artery pH.
Methods: In this Cross-Sectional study, 150 singleton newborns of 37 to 42 weeks, with birth weight 2500 to 4000 g, were allocated. The samples were calculated for values, based on similar studies, and were divided into two groups, including vaginal delivery and caesarian section under spinal anesthesia which have the least difference in pH. Umbilical artery blood gas analysis of both groups were studied. Finally, using statistical T-test for the quantitative data and chi-square for the qualitative data, hypotheses were answered. P-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: Average gestational age was between 39±0.9 weeks and 76 (50.6%) and 74 (49.4%) of neonates were male and female respectively. The average birth weight was 3368.7±473.5 g. In this study, average umbilical artery pH at birth by vaginal delivery and by cesarean section was 7.25±0.06, 7.26 ±0.06 respectively (P>0.05). In this study, in both groups significant differences were seen in all the blood gas values except the umbilical cord artery pH.
Conclusions: Our study showed that the pH level of umbilical artery blood was in normal range among newborns of both groups, but Po2 and Pco2 were more appropriate in vaginal deliveries. Due to the prognostic value of umbilical artery PH and the essentiality of prognosis in the newborns under stress, we recommend that this study should be done in the emergency situation, too