Repository of Research and Investigative Information
Not a member yet
797 research outputs found
Sort by
Simultaneous bilateral rupture of patellar tendons in diabetic hemodialysis patient: A case report
Get PDFBackground: Bilateral rupture of the patellar tendon is a very rare injury, which takes place in relation to chronic systemic diseases. These injuries are known causes. Some of these causes are particular in patellar tendon rupture and another are in quadriceps tendon rupture.
Case presentation: 70-year-old diabetic man with simultaneous bilateral patellar tendon disruption of proximal insertion without trauma, receiving long-term hemodialysis.
Conclusions: In the present study, we report a case of patellar tendon rupture that has two differences with literature: first, renal failure is a known risk factor for quadriceps tendon rupture, and secondly, the prevalent age of patellar tendon rupture is less than 40 years. Clinical picture, diagnosis, pathogenesis and treatment are discussed. Finally, the literature is reviewed based on previous studies
Evaluation of mandibular premolars root canal morphology by cone beam computed tomography
Get PDFIntroduction: To achieve a successful endodontic treatment, the clinician has to identify the different canal configurations.mandibular premolars have the wide variety of root canal morphology and they are known as the most difficult teeth to treat in endodontics.CBCT provides a non-invasive 3D confirmatory diagnosis as a complement to conventional radiography.The aim of this study was to evaluate the root canal morphology inmandibular premolars using CBCT technology.
Materials & Methods: A total of 114 cone-beam computed tomographic images including 228 mandibular first premolars and 228 mandibular second premolars with fully developed roots, were investigated.The CBCT images were collected from private oral and maxillofacial radiology centers in Isfahan, were examined in axial section and the information of each tooth was recorded by three examiners. Then, the data were analyzed by computer analysis such as; t-test, McNamara, chi-square test.
Results: Of the first premolars 89.56% had a single canal and 10.09% had two canals and 0.44% was C shaped. Of the second premolars 97.37% had one canal and 2.19% had two canals. None of mandibular premolars had three canals and just one C-shaped canal was observed (0.44 %). There was no significant correlation between the prevalence of the diversity of canals and gender.
Conclusion: In this study, most of the mandibular premolars had single canal and first mandibular premolars were five times more likely to have two canals than second premolars
Evaluation of educational programs in endodontics, periodontics and oral & maxillofacial surgery departments of babol dental school from students’ perspective based on CIPP model
Get PDFIntroduction: Evaluation is a tool that can be used to achieve the goals of higher education. The aim of this study was to evaluate the achievement level of educational objectives in Babol dental school using the CIPP (content, input, process, and product) model based on the point of view of students. Materials&Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed using a researcher-made questionnaire based on CIPP model for educational groups of oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMFS), endodontics and periodontics among dental students admitted to Babol University of Medical Sciences in 2008 and 2009. Total scores were calculated for each field and categorized as&nbsp; undesirable, relatively desirable and desirable with scores&nbsp; less than 50, 51-70 and 71-100, respectively. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA, T-test and Tukey HSD tests and P <0.05 was considered significant. Results: The mean scores of four areas were not significantly different between groups for two entries using ANOVA test. By comparing two groups, the mean scores of input area were significantly different in periodontics (p=0.007) and OMFS (p=0.002) departments. Conclusion: Achieving to educational goals within the context area was desirable in all departments. But there are some problems in other studied areas which must be pay attention
Accuracy of vertical bitewing radiography in determination of root length of maxillary primary molars
Get PDFIntroduction: Considering the good geometry and possibility of simultaneous observation of the roots of the maxillary and mandibular molars in vertical bitewing radiography, the present study was conducted to evaluate the accuracy of vertical bitewing radiography in determination of root length of maxillary primary molars. Materials & Methods: One hundred first primary molars and forty second primary molars which were planned to be extracted for reasons other than this study, were used in this cross-sectional study. All radiographs were taken by a radiologist with vertical bitewing technique using XCP pediatric bitewing film holder. The root length was measured from the highest visible point of the occlusal surface to the most apical point of the root using caliper with accuracy of 0.1 mm. After removing the teeth, the length of each root was measured from the highest point at the occlusal surface to the tip of the root. Data were entered into SPSS 20 and analyzed using Pearson correlation and one sample t-test. Significance level was considered as 0.05. Results: According to the results of one sample t-test, although the root length was estimated slightly higher than the actual size in all cases, the difference was significant only for distobuccal root of the first primary molar (P˂0.05). The results of Pearson correlation test showed that in 95 of cases, the true root length values were consistent with those measured by radiography. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, except for distobuccal root of first primary molar, &nbsp;the vertical bitewing could precisely determine the root length of primary molars
T375c Mutation of FGFR3 Gene in Bladder Epithelial Cells of Patients with Bladder Cancer
Get PDFBACKGROUND AND AIM: The FGFR3 gene plays an important role in regulating growth, differentiation and angiogenesis. The genetic changes of the FGFR3 gene are one of the most important factors in bladder cancer. Active mutations of FGFR3 have been observed in about 70% of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancers. The present study was conducted to evaluate T375C mutation of FGFR3 gene in genomic DNA extracted from bladder epithelial cells and the risk of bladder cancer.
METHODS: In this case-control study, 100 healthy individuals and 100 patients with bladder cancer who referred to health centers in northern Iran were selected using convenience sampling after confirmation of the diagnosis of this disease after pathological examinations of the biopsy. Differences in the frequency of allele and genotype were evaluated. After urine centrifugation, genomic DNA was extracted from cell precipitate using commercial kit. The status of T375C mutation of FGFR3 gene was studied using specific primers and tetra-ARMS-PCR technique.
FINDINGS: The frequency of genotypes was 94% (TT), 4% (TC) and 2% (CC) in the case group versus the absence of the TC and CC genotypes in the control group. There was a significant relationship between allelic and genotypic distribution (p = 0.0124 and p = 0.0192, respectively).
CONCLUSION: The results indicate that the T375C mutation of the FGFR3 gene may be a genetic susceptibility factor to bladder cancer
Prevalence of Soft Tissue Calcification in Panoramic Radiographs in Northern of Iran
Get PDFBACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Soft tissue calcification is a relatively common issue in panoramic radiography. Some of these calcifications may have non-specific clinical symptoms as feeling of foreign body, dysphagia, otalgia and non-reflective cough. Therefore, for correct diagnosis and avoiding incorrect and excess treatments it’s necessary to have information about prevalence of these calcifications in regional populations. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of soft tissue calcification in panoramic radiographs in a selected population in northern Iran.
METHODS: In this cross sectional study, panoramic radiographs of 5000 patients referring to Oral & Maxillofacial radiology department of Babol dental school from 2014 to 2017 were examined. Radiographs were evaluated for the presence of any calcification, and their prevalence and their relationship with age were evaluated in two groups of under and over 40 years of age and gender.
FINDING: The prevalence of the observed soft tissue calcifications including calcification of stylohyoid ligands was 484 cases (9.7%), tonsilolith 52 cases (1%), calcification of lymph nodes 9 cases (0.2%), calcification of carotid artery 22 cases (0.4%) and thyroid cartilage calcification was 17 cases (0.3%). No cases of rhinolith, antrolith, sialolith and phlebolitis were found. The amount of tonsilolith (34 to 18 cases) and lymph node calcification (7 versus 2 cases) were significantly higher in men. (p=0.002 and p =0.048).
Also, the prevalence of calcification of stylohyoid ligament (290 versus 194 cases) (p=0.001), tonsilolith (13% vs. 39 cases) (p=0.001), calcification of carotid artery (18 versus 4) (p=0.001), and thyroid (14 versus 3) (p=0.003) were significantly relevant with age.
CONCLUSION: The results of this study showed that soft tissue calcifications are prevalent and the most common is stylohyoid ligament calcification
Lack of Genetic Association between Interleukin-18 Gene Polymorphism (rs1946518) and Chronic Hepatitis B Infection
Get PDFBACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Interleukin 18 is a member of the cytokines that play an important role in the Th1-mediated immune response by inducing interferon-gamma activity in collaboration with Interleukin-12 (IL-18). Interleukin 12 and Interleukin 18 can play an important role in purifying viruses. Considering the importance of IL-18, this study was conducted to investigate the relationship between Interleukin-18 Gene polymorphism (-607 C/A: rs1946518) and the susceptibility to chronic hepatitis B infection.
METHODS: In this case-control study, the genomic DNA of 115 patients with chronic hepatitis B (with positive results of HBsAg and Anti-HBcAb serology testing) and 115 non-HBV-infected controls (negative results of HBsAg and Anti-HbcAb serology testing and no history of liver disease) was extracted by salting-out method and the genotype of single-nucleotide polymorphism (-607 C / A: rs1946518) was sequenced using PCR-RFLP method.
FINDING: The genotype frequency of TT, GT, and GG in patients was 40%, 49.6%, and 10.4% in patients, and 41.7%, 42.6%, and 15.7% in the control group, respectively. No significant difference was found between the patients group and the control group.
CONCLUSION: Based on the results of this study, there was no clear relationship between IL-18 polymorphism and the potential for chronic hepatitis B infection. Therefore, this polymorphism cannot be a potential factor for chronic hepatitis B
Evaluation of expectation of patients and their parents from orthodontic treatment in babol in 2016-2017
Get PDFIntroduction: The aim of this study was to recognize and investigate the expectations of patients and their parents from orthodontic treatment in order to increase the satisfaction from treatment outcome and enhance the patients’ cooperation in Babol in 2017.
Materials & Methods: Totally, 200 people (100 patients aged 12-18 with one of their parents) who were attending for their first orthodontic treatment session participated in this cross-sectional study. Participants completed a self-administered questionnaire which was translated by Forward-Backward method from English to Persian language. Data were analyzed using SPSS 22 through descriptive statistics and t-tests.
Results: The most important expectations of patients and their parents from the first appointment of orthodontic treatment were check -up, diagnosis, discussion about treatment, and oral hygiene checking. Patients’ expectations from first appointment were higher than their parents in “brace being fitted” (p=0.001), lower in “have a discussion about treatment plan” (p=0.006), “have x-rays” (p=0.003), and “have oral hygiene checked” (p=0.03). The highest expectation of patients as well as their parents from the type of orthodontic treatment was fixed braces. The main expectation of patients and parents from orthodontic treatment was the demand for straightening teeth and improving aesthetics.
Conclusion: Parents than patients had more reasonable expectations from the first appointment of orthodontic treatment. Parents had higher expectations from orthodontic treatment benefits. Age and gender did not have significant effect on the type and level of expectations of parents and patients
In vitro antifungal effect of cinnamon extract on candida species
Get PDFIntroduction: Cinnamon zeylanicum is used for various medical purposes. The aim of this study was to compare the antifungal efficacy of cinnamon and amphotericin B against Candida species in vitro. Material & Methods: Candida albicans (C. albicans) and Candida krusei (C. Krusei) were obtained from the Iranian Industrial and Scientific Research Center. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of cinnamon extract was determined and compared with that of amphotericin B. Results: The results of this study showed that Amphotericin B, ethanolic&nbsp; and aqueous extract of cinnamon inhibited the growth of C. albicans and C. Krusei with different MICs. Conclusion: Ethanolic extract of cinnamon has inhibitory effects on Candida species comparable to that of amphotericin B. So, it can be used as a herbal alternative
Gonor¬rhea and syphilis co-infection and related risk factors in HIV patients from Shiraz, South of Iran
Get PDFBackground: Neisseria gonorrhea and Treponema pallidum as an obligate human pathogen are two common causes of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of N. gonorrhoeae and T. pallidum among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients in the southwest Iran.
Methods: This retrospective study was performed from 2004 to 2013, on HIV patients who were tested for detection of gonorrhea and syphilis infection at Shiraz HIV/AIDS Research Center. ELISA technique was used for preliminary detection of HIV and confirmed by a Western Blotting test. Gonorrhea was routinely diagnosed using direct Gram-staining and culturing on selective agar. Syphilis was routinely diagnosed by RPR test.
Results: Of the 806 HIV patients, 39 (2.6%) cases had co-infection with gonor¬rhea. Compared with mono-HIV infected patients, gonor¬rhea was significantly more likely among the males (69.4% vs. 92.3%, P=0.002). History of addiction and prison seems to be a significant risk factor for gonor¬rhea infection (P<0.05). Also, the mean of CD4+lymphocyte was higher among gonor¬rhea infected patients (368±238 vs. 415±328). Logistic regression analysis showed that sexual contact increased risk of gonococcal infection about 4 fold (OR: 4, CI: 1.7-9.39, P=0.001). None of the HIV patients had syphilis co-infection.
Conclusions: As a preliminary survey, our findings provided unique information on the prevalence of gonorrhea and syphilis co-infections among HIV patients. Moreover, we introduced the main risk factors associated with gonorrhea co-infection in HIV patients in our region including gender, history of addiction and prison, CD4+lymphocyte count, and transmission routes for effective management of STDs