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The Role of Melatonin on Metabolic Factors related to Periodontal Disease in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Get PDFBACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Regarding to various controlling and therapeutic interventions, the risk of periodontal disease in diabetics is three times that of non-diabetics. Because of the central role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of diabetes, interest in the use of antioxidants, including melatonin, as a complete therapeutic approach has increased. Therefore, this review study was performed to investigate the role of melatonin on metabolic factors associated with periodontal disease in patients with type 2 diabetes.
METHODS: This review study was conducted on various databases including Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar and Persian databases such as Magiran and SID and keywords such as type 2 diabetes, periodontal disease, melatonin, hyperglycemia, lipid profile, hypertension, obesity, and Inflammatory factors were carried out from 2000 to 2018.
FINDINGS: A review of studies indicates that melatonin supplementation can reduce progressive damage of periodontal tissue, blood glucose levels, lipid profiles, hypertension, obesity and inflammatory factors in T2DM patients with periodontal disease, and therefore it has a significant role in improving of these patients. On the other hand, it has been shown that increased blood glucose can reduce the production of melatonin from the pineal gland in diabetic patients. Therefore, the supplementation with melatonin in these patients can play a useful role in increasing the production of melatonin in the body by reducing blood glucose levels.
CONCLUSION:The obtained results showed that melatonin supplementation with its antioxidant role can have a beneficial role in improving the survival of T2DM patients with periodontal disease by balancing inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines
Neurofolicullar hamartoma presenting as a rare adnexal neoplasm in association with basal cell carcinoma
Get PDFBackground: Neurofollicular hamartoma (NFH) is characterized histopathologically by fascicles of spindle cells that laterally delimited by hyperplastic folliculosebaceous units. It usually appears on face, near the nose or nasolabial fold. It does not manifest true neural differentiation and recently the term spindle cell predominant trichodiscoma (SCPT) has been used instead. Case Presentation: We present a case of a 40-year-old male with co-incidence of NFH and basal cell carcinoma (BCC) that the mesenchymal components of NFH were similar to SCPT but these components highly expressed S-100 protein. We also discuss about the histological aspect of the neoplasia in this report and consider the findings of other reports in association with classification of NFH by means of cellular markers and morphological resemblance to other skin hamartomas. Conclusion: Neurofollicular hamartoma is a rare benign tumor that thought to represent the cellular end of a morphological spectrum with trichodiscoma. The morphological features and expression of S100 protein in neural element helped us to achieve the diagnosis of neurofollicular hamartoma. However, variable reports of S-100 protein expression in NFH are available and further studies are needed to determine the classification of this tumor
Effect of hydroxyethyl starch on acidosis in patients with aluminum phosphide poisoning
Get PDFBackground: Given the fact that various studies have reported the positive effects of hydroxyethyl starch therapy in controlling shock, this study aimed to compare the effects of hydroxyethyl starch on modifying acidosis and treating patients with aluminum phosphide poisoning. Methods: This was a randomized clinical trial that was conducted on 60 patients with aluminum phosphide poisoning. We compared the two groups of patients treated with hydroxyethyl starch and normal saline. Base excess and serum pH of arterial blood gases (ABG) were measured before and after the treatment and compared by t-test. Results: Results showed that arterial pH in the starch group and normal saline group increased by 0.13 and 0.18, respectively, and the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant. The difference in the base excess before and after treatment in the starch group and normal saline group was 6.41 and 5.39, respectively, and the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant. Changes in mean values of arterial pH after the intervention in comparison with before treatment were statistically significant (p<0.05). Conclusion: Overall, the results of the present study show that starch is at least as effective as normal saline in treating acidosis in patients poisoned with aluminum phosphide and can be used instead of normal saline, and both of the two treatments could be equally effective
Calcium and vitamin D supplementation effects on metabolic factors, menstrual cycles and follicular responses in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Get PDFBackground: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most popular endocrine disorder in reproductive age with unknown etiology and many comorbidities. This systematic review focused on the effectiveness of calcium and vitamin D (Ca/ Vit.D) supplementation on metabolic factors, menstrual cycles, and follicular responses in PCOS patients. Methods: Relevant studies were identified from the following electronic databases including Pub Med, Web of Science, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), The Cochrane Library, issue Oct. 2018, Evidence Based Medicine Reviews (EBMR), Google Scholar, EMBASE, as well as Farsi databases including Magiran and SID from 2000 to 2018. Out of 449 articles, six clinical trials met the inclusion criteria. Results: Out of six studies included in the study, only three studies had sufficient data for meta-analysis. Overall, studies showed that prescribing Ca/ Vit. D supplementation with metformin improved menstrual regularity and follicular maturation and significant decreases in serum insulin levels, homeostasis model of assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and fasting blood sugar (FBS) and also significant rises on quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI) at two studies. Hirsutism and level of testosterone decreased significantly after adding Ca/ Vit. D to metformin in two different studies. Based on two different trials, co-supplementation of Ca/ Vit. D had a significant impact to decrease serum triglycerides and VLDL-cholesterol levels as well as levels of cholesterol and LDL. Conclusion: It is possible that calcium and vitamin D supplementation improve menstrual disturbances and metabolic factors in PCOS in a long-term period, but further trials are still needed to confirm these findings
Butyrylcholinesterase level in poisoned patients by phosphide compounds
Get PDFBackground: Metal phosphides are widely used as a rodenticide and insecticide and poisoning with these substances has a very high mortality. The aim of this study was to evaluate the butyrylcholinesterase (BuCh) level in poisoning with metal phosphides. Methods: In this case series study, 60 poisoned patients with zinc phosphide (ZnP) and aluminum phosphide (ALP) who was admitted to poisoning ward in Hamadan, Iran, enrolled in the study and BuCh level was measured. The sex, age, amount of ingestion, time of consumption, signs and symptoms, ECG and arterial blood gas (ABG) changes and clinical outcomes were evaluated. Results: Most (58.3) patients were males, the mean age was 32.76±17.65 years. The average amount of ingestion was 7.5±4.6 and 2.5±2.96 gr for ZnP and ALP, respectively. Most signs and symptoms were hypotension (97), nausea and vomiting (82) and abdominal pain (32). The average amount of BuCh level in all patients was 5163.25±2158.31 U/L, that's while in ZnP and ALP poisoned patients was 5608±1577 U/L and 4721.46±2562U/L respectively. The most dysrhythmia (26.7) was sinus tachycardia. Acidosis was seen in 33.3 of patients. 14 patients died after hospital admission, which caused a 23.3 fatality rate. Conclusion: Our results showed that, there was no significant change in BuCh level in poisoned patients with phosphide compounds
The Relationship between Mothers’ Empowerment in Breastfeeding with Exclusive Breast Feeding in Infants
Get PDFBACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Exclusive breastfeeding until 6 months has a positive effect on the maternal and the child health. In the Qur'an had also been mentioned to the nutrition of infant with breastfeeding. Knowing the effective factors on it has significant role in promoting exclusive breastfeeding policy. This study aimed to investigate relationship between the mothers’ empowerment in breastfeeding with exclusive breastfeeding and identification of related demographic-reproductive factors.
METHODS: The cross-sectional study was done on 370 mothers with a six-month-old child admitted to the primary health care centers in Noor Township. Mothers were categorized according to type of breastfeeding to two the exclusive breastfeeding and the non-exclusive breastfeeding groups. The mothers’ empowerment in breastfeeding was assessed by breastfeeding empowerment questionnaire. The questionnaire includes seven domains of knowledge, attitude, skills of proper breastfeeding technique, skills of preventing and solving breastfeeding problems, breastfeeding sufficiency, receiving family support and Breastfeeding self-efficacy with probability total score in range of 45 to 225.
FINDINGS: The mean total score of the mothers’ empowerment domains in breastfeeding in the exclusive breastfeeding group (202.70±13.12) is significantly higher than the non-exclusive breastfeeding group (160.59±27.82) (p=0.015). In the final analysis after entering variables in the logistic regression model, the breastfeeding empowerment’s domains including; attitude (OR=1.688, CI-95%=1.137-2.506, p=0.009), skills of proper breastfeeding technique (OR=1.471, CI-95%=1.078-2.007, p=0.015), skills of preventing and solving breastfeeding problems (OR=1.521, CI-95%=1.099-2.106, p=0.011), breastfeeding sufficiency (OR=5.150, CI-95%=2.707-9.795, p=0.001), receiving family support (OR=1.636, CI-95%=1.184-2.260, p=0.003) and Breastfeeding self-efficacy (OR=1.113, CI-95%=1.088-1.139, p=0.001) were found as significant related factors.
CONCLUSION: The findings of the study showed that knowledge alone cannot increase the prevalence of breastfeeding, but should also focus on other domains of mothers' empowerment, especially the belief to breastfeeding sufficiency in mothers
Serum αFP Level in Cord Blood of Full Term Neonates Born in Babol City
Get PDFBACKGROUNDANDOBJECTIVE: Serum alpha-fetoprotein (αFP) level is considered as a diagnostic marker is higher than normal in many congenital tumors such as germ cell, hepatoblastoma, as well as liver and metabolic diseases in neonates. Normal neonates also have a higher level of alpha-fetoprotein than others, so it is important to diagnose this interference. In valid sources, the normal serum alpha-fetoprotein level in infants is related to advanced countries, which may vary in our country. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the serum levels of alpha-fetoprotein in the umbilical cord blood of term neonates born in Babol and to compare them in two genders.
METHODS: This cross-sectional study was performed on 500 neonates (37-42 weeks) born in hospitals in Babol city where physical examination was normal. At birth, 5 ml of umbilical cord blood was taken and samples were sent to the lab for measurement of alpha-fetoprotein. Serum alpha-fetoprotein level was measured by ELISA method and was compared in two genders.
FINDINGS: Mean serum a FP levels was 76.57±35.25 ng/ml (range 2.3-160) and it was significantly higher in males (80.54±36.95 vs. 73.69±33.73 ng/ml) which was statistically significant (p=0.002).
CONCLUSION: The results of this study showed that the level of alpha-fetoprotein in neonates born in Babol is relatively high and also in males is more than females
The Effect of Cognitive–Behavioral Group Therapy on Menopausal Symptoms
Get PDFBACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The common symptoms of menopause are associated with anxiety and discomfort for most women, and this is one of the major healthcare challenges. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of cognitive – behavioral group therapy on menopausal symptoms (primary outcome).
METHODS: This randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted among 90 menopausal women with health records at two health centers in Tuyserkan in 2016 and were randomly assigned to two groups of intervention and control (45 patients in each group). To perform cognitive – behavioral group therapy, six 90-minute sessions were held for the intervention group for six consecutive weeks. Menopausal symptoms were discussed in each of these sessions based on cognitive techniques such as identifying negative automatic thoughts and behavioral techniques such as diaphragmatic breathing technique. Menopausal symptoms were assessed in both groups using the Greene Climacteric Scale (0 – 63) before the intervention and at the end of the sixth week. To adhere to ethics, the control group received one session of educational counseling after the assessments were done.
FINDINGS: There was no statistically significant difference in mean total Greene score between the cognitive– behavioral group (22.78±12.22) and control group (24.8±10.25) before intervention. After the intervention, the mean total Greene score decreased significantly in the cognitive – behavioral group (15.75±7.24) compared to the control group (24.97±9.25) (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: The results showed that cognitive – behavioral group therapy can decrease menopausal symptoms
Evaluating the status of agricultural articles of Iranian researchers at the Scopus citation database based on the Hirsch index
Get PDFBackground and aim: Today, the use of scientometric methods to evaluate the scientific outputs of researchers in various fields has been highly regarded and the Hirsch index (h-index) is one of the most important scientometric indices due to the simultaneous measurement of quantity and quality of scientific outputs. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the status of Iranian agricultural articles at the Scopus citation database based on the h-index.
Material and methods: This applied study was performed using a scientometric method. The research population consisted of 4037 agricultural articles produced by Iranian researchers from 2010 to 2016, which were extracted from Scopus. Excel software and SPSS 16 were used to draw tables and analyze the data, respectively. Moreover, the Spearman’s correlation coefficient and Pearson test were applied to answer the research hypotheses.
Findings: In this period, 4037 agricultural articles of 157 Iranian researchers were indexed at Scopus, of which the largest was in 2011. The Advances in Environmental Biology Journal had the highest number of articles (237) and the Bioresource Technology Journal had the highest h-index (19). The results of Spearman's correlation coefficient showed that there was a significant relationship between the h-index and number of articles (P-value <0.05).
Conclusion: Iran in the agricultural field is ranked 3rd place in the Middle East and 42th in the world based on h-index. Although Iran has been able to gain stable place in production of agricultural articles, it has not been successful in the region and world in citing its articles and h-index as well as further efforts are needed in this regard
Cytotoxicity Effects of Green Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles by Using the Extract of Tuber Spp. on Breast Cancer (MCF-7) Cells
Get PDFBACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Silver nanoparticles have antibacterial and anticancer activity. But the organic solvents used to produce these nanoparticles are toxic and can have devastating environmental effects. Therefore, there is a strong desire to use healthy methods for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles. Therefore, this study was performed to synthesize silver nanoparticles biologically from aqueous extract of Truffle and to study their biological effects on cancer cells.
METHODS: In this experimental study, to synthesize silver nanoparticles from aqueous extract of Truffle, 10 ml of fungus extract was added to 90 ml of 1 ml silver nitrate solution and incubated for 72 hours at room temperature. The physicochemical properties of the nanoparticles synthesized by XRD, FESEM and TEM were analyzed. Effects of Extract and Synthesized Nanoparticles were studied by MTT at concentrations of 0.025, 0.25, 0.25, 0.5 and 1 mg / ml on MCF-7 Cancer Cells at 72, 48, and 24 hours.
FINDINGS: The size of the nanoparticles was between 19 and 35 nm and their shape was mainly spherical. In cytotoxicity assay using MTT assay IC50 calculated for silver nanoparticles and extract in MCF-7 cells showed that silver nanoparticles had more cytotoxic effects than extract. The calculated IC50 for extracts and nanoparticles at 24, 48 and 72 hours were 0.73, 0.8, and 0.64 mg / ml, respectively, and for the nanoparticles were 0.6, 0.5, and 0.48, respectively (p <0.05).
CONCLUSION: The silver nanoparticles produced by bio-synthesis method have a higher cytotoxicity than the truffle fungus (Tuber spp.) extract