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Comparative evaluation of five different storage media and temperature effect on human periodontal ligament fibroblast viability
Get PDFIntroduction: Following dental avulsion, the immediate recommended treatment is tooth replantation to avoid adverse effects. Therefore, the tooth must be stored in a physiological storage medium to preserve the viability of the periodontal ligament fibroblast (PDLF) cells during transportation to dental office. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of several storage media in preserving the viability of human PDLF cells at different times and temperatures.
Materials & Methods: In this experimental study, the human PDL cells were obtained from the healthy extracted third molars and cultured in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM). The studied media were DMEM (10% FBS + 1% penicillin G Na (10000 IU) + 1% streptomycin (10 mg)), tap water, sterilized whole milk, zero fat milk and soy milk. After the cells had reached sufficient density in the plate, they were added to the experimental media and kept at 1, 2, 4 and 24 hours at 4° and 37oCentigrade. After incubation, the cell viability was determined by tetrazolium salt-based colorimetric (MTT) assay. The results were statistically analyzed using Kruskal–Wallis and post hoc Tests.
Results: Whole milk and DMEM showed significantly higher protective effect than other media. The viability of PDL cells had significant difference at 4oC compared to 37oC at 4 and 24 h in DMEM group and at 24 h in whole milk group (p≤0.05).
Conclusion: The results have suggested that the whole milk like DMEM have enough essential nutrients for PDLFs and have confirmed the hypothesis that the milk similar to HBSS or DMEM might be effective in preserving the PDLF cells
Prevalence of mandibular accessory foramina using CBCT in a selected iranian population
Get PDFIntroduction: The aim of the current study was to evaluate the frequency of accessory foramina in human mandible.
Material & Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 400 cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of mandibles of 273 patients (120 males and 153 females), divided into four groups ≤30, 30–39, 40–49, and ≥50 years) with the mean age of 38.05±13.71 years (40.71±12.83 for males and 35.39±12.05 for females) were evaluated. The number and diameter of accessory foramina from midline to anterior border of ramus with 0.1 mm intervals were investigated. Data were analyzed with SPSS 17 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, I1, USA) using T-Test, Pearson's correlation coefficient and Fisher exact test.
Results: Totally, 568 accessory foramina with mean diameter of 0.35±0.15 mm were seen. The frequency of accessory foramina in the studied patients was 83% with mean frequency of 88% in males and 80% in females. These results showed a significant difference between the genders in frequency of accessory foramen (P<0.001) although no difference was observed among different age groups. The highest frequency belonged to anterior lingual of mandible. The frequency of accessory foramina in posterior mandible was higher in females, while males indicated higher frequency in anterior mandible. No significant difference was found in the frequency of accessory foramina between the right and left sides of the mandible.
Conclusion: The results suggested, the survey of accessory foramina is recommended in CBCT images of mandible for therapeutic reasons due to higher frequency of accessory foramina in mandible
Relationship between mothers\' awareness of eruption time of first permanent molar and its caries in 7-9-year-old children
Get PDFIntroduction: Since the first permanent molar (FPM) as a first permanent tooth erupts between 6-7 years old and has a long period of eruption, it is the most caries prone tooth. One of the problems is inadequate knowledge of parents about the eruption time of the FPM; because these teeth erupt behind the deciduous teeth without a primary successor. In the present study, mothers' knowledge about its eruption time and its effect on health of these teeth was evaluated.
Materials& Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 406 schoolchildren (7-9 years old) and their mothers using multi-stage sampling in Babol in 2017. Mothers completed the check list according to the study objectives. Clinical status of FPM was measured using DMFT (Decayed, Missed, Filled Teeth) index. Finally, data were analyzed with SPSS 18 using t-test and chi-square. Significance level was considered as p<0.05.
Results: Mothers’ awareness about the eruption time of FPM (p<0.001) was associated with higher ratio of children with sound FPM. Mothers’ education level was the most significant contributing factor to mothers' knowledge about FPM eruption time.
Conclusion: Mothers’ education and their knowledge about the FPMs eruption time were the major predictors of FPM caries status
Effects of sirolimus on Lung function in patients with Lymphangioleiomyomatosis
Get PDFBackground: Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a progressive lungs disease that affects women at reproductive years. Sirolimus inhibits mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and its administration in past studies was hopeful in treatment of patients with LAM. The aim of this study was to evaluate sirolimus therapy on lung function in LAM patients. Methods: We conducted a trial to evaluate the effect of sirolimus on six patients with LAM who had severe or very severe obstructive lung disease, and one-year follow up. Maintenance level of Sirolimus was 10-15 ng/ml. Serial visits (including physical examination, evaluation of signs and symptoms of disease and adverse events due to treatment), spirometry, 6MWT done at baseline 3, 6, 9 and 12 months after. Spirometric parameters walk distance and O2 saturationbefore and after exercise at first and the end of treatment were measured. Results: Four patients had TSC-LAM while the other 2 patients had S-LAM. The mean level of sirolimus was 13 ng/ml after one-year treatment. Mean FEV1 at enrollment and end of study was 1000cc (33 predict) and 1228cc (42 predict) respectively (P=0.674). The mean FVC at baseline and end of study was 1648cc (49 predict) and 1866cc (55 predict) (P=0.996). The mean FEV1/FVC at enrollment and the end of treatment was 58 and 62 respectively (P=0.753). The mean FEF25-75 at first and at the end of treatment was 16 and 26, respectively (P=0.028). The mean walk distance in 6MWT at first and at the end of study was 315 meters (P=0.9). The mean percentage of O2 saturation at rest was 84 and 92 at first and at the end of study (P=0.104). Conclusion: In LAM patients, sirolimus has been shown stabilizeto or improve lung function, rest and exertional O2 saturation. Sirolimus was effective in LAM patients who had severe or very severe physiological disorders
Early screening of gestational diabetes mellitus using maternal hemoglobin A1C: Revision of current screening guidelines
Get PDFBackground: HbA1C has been a known predictor and diagnostic test for diabetes type 2. However, this test has not yet been widely studied in GDM and more importantly no cutoff point has been defined for HbA1C in GDM. We investigated the efficacy of screening during first and second trimester of pregnancy and defined appropriate cutoff points according to HbA1C and FBS for predicting maternal GDM among women with none to minimal previously known risk factors. Methods: This is a prospective multi-centered cohort study. Individuals were evaluated at first trimester, at 20-24 weeks and 24-28 weeks of gestation. GDM tests were done during visits and accuracy of each of these measurements was evaluated. Results: Overall, 356 entered the study, among which 25 individuals and 30 individuals developed GDM during 20-24 and 24-28 weeks of gestation, respectively. HbA1C measured during first trimester at a cut-off of 5.35 predicted GDM of 24-28 weeks with an accuracy of 85.6, sensitivity of 80, and specificity of 80. Furthermore, at a cut-off of 5.75 measured at 20-24 weeks, HbA1C predicted GDM with an accuracy of 94.5, sensitivity of 97, and specificity of 96. Conclusion: Screening programs during first trimester and at 20-24 weeks of pregnancy, using HbA1C, can significantly aid in the early prediction of GDM, even among women with no to minimal previously known risk factors, which shows a need for revision in current guidelines
Management of muscular dystrophy during osteoarthritis disorder: A topical phytotherapeutic treatment protocol
Get PDFBackground: Creatine kinase-muscle (CK-MM) and aldolase A (AldoA) levels are proven to be realistic biochemical markers to detect muscular dystrophy during osteoarthritic disorders (MD-OADs). The aim of this study is to normalize the MD-OADs characterized by muscle weakness, atrophy, inflammatory disorders, pain with chronic arthropathy by specialized topical phytotherapeutic treatment. Methods: Baseline data were collected and evaluated from 153 patients, aged 59.89±11.37years, and suffering with MD-OADs for 7.89±1.90 years. Serum CK-MM and aldoA levels were measured at baseline and after a six- week treatment using the appropriate kits. All patients underwent standardized physical, radiographic examinations and completed a questionnaire. All the patients were treated with topical application of phytoconstituents from the extracts of seven Indian medicinal plants namely Cissus quadrangularis, Calotropis gigantea, Zingiber officinalis, Rosemarinus officinale, Boswellia serratia, Curcuma longa and Withata somnifera mixed with sesame oil and beehives wax for six-week. Results: The elevated levels of biomarkers, CK-MM and aldoA, were reduced to their mean±SEM values 82.77±1.32 and 4.94±1.30U/L, respectively at the end of six-week treatment and the improvements of deranged anatomical features, Pearson’s correlation coefficients, international-approved pain related abnormalities (VAS, WOMAC, KPS and KOOS) and reduction of weight at the end of treatment were all highly significant (p<0.0001). Conclusion: It is firmly confirmed that MD-OADs resulted with the elevated levels of CK-MM, and AldoA, along with deranged anatomical features (KGB, DTM, DCM, DAP, DBP, SLR, KFS and KES) and pain related parameters (VAS, WOMAC-index, KPS, KOOS and BMI) can be successfully normalized by topical phytotherapeutic treatment protocol
Left Atrial Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma with Right Atrium Invasion
Get PDFBackground: Primary cardiac tumors are rare (0.001 to 0.03). Malignant tumors account for 25, of which 75 are cardiac sarcomas. Case Persentation: Here, we report a case of a 57-year-old male with palpitation and history of left atrial (LA) myxoma resection presented to cardiology clinic for postsurgical follow up and transthoracic echocardiography revealed a large non-homogenous mass in LA with right atrium invasion, which was confirmed by trans-esophageal echocardiography. The patient underwent surgical resection of tumor and the pathological diagnosis was malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH). Conclusion: MFH could be asymptomatic and the diagnosis be established as a surgical or complementary examination. In patients with history of myxoma resection and cardiac masses, further evaluation is recommended.  
Muscle strength in diabetics compared to non-diabetic elderly subjects: A cross sectional and case-control study
Get PDFBackground: With the growing population of the elderly, the prevalence of disabilities and chronic diseases will also likely increase. Muscle weakness leads to low amounts of physical activity in elderly diabetic patients and makes them susceptible to falls. In this study, we aimed to compare the muscle strength between diabetic and non-diabetic elderly individuals. Methods: The present study is part of the the Amirkola Health and Ageing Project (AHAP) cohort performed on 1320 elderly individuals. Diabetic and non-diabetic subjects were considered as case and control groups, respectively. A diagnosis of diabetes was assigned to patients who were previously diagnosed and those with repeated fasting blood sugar FBS≥126mg/dl. Digi Hand Dynamometer device and manual muscle testing (MMT) grading systems were used to assess muscle force in the upper and lower extremities, respectively. Data were then analyzed and p<0.05 was considered significant. Results: 29.8 of the total participants (n=393) were diabetics. In the case group, 143 (36.4 of all diabetics) had weak upper extremity muscles. The number was 314 (33.9) among non-diabetics (P=0.38). We saw decreased lower extremity muscle force in 134 (34.1) diabetic individuals and 292 (31.5) non-diabetics (P=0.35). Statistical analysis showed no significant difference in any of the lower or upper extremity muscle forces between diabetics and non-diabetics (p>0.05). Conclusion: Our findings indicate that diabetes mellitus (DM) affects neither the upper nor the lower extremity muscle force in the elderly
Seroepidemiology and risk factors of hepatitis C virus infection in East Azerbaijan, Iran: a population-based Azar Cohort study
Get PDFBackground: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a blood-borne virus. It is a major global public health problem and can cause both acute and chronic hepatitis. The aim of this study was to report the epidemiological features of HCV infection and risk factors based on the data from Azar Cohort, East Azerbaijan province, Iran. Methods: The population of this study comprised the people in the age range of 35-70 years from Azar Cohort, East Azerbaijan province, Iran. The study was conducted between 2015 and 2016. Based on cluster sampling, 4, 949 people were selected and invited to complete the questionnaire and perform the tests. Blood samples collected in this study were analyzed to detect the presence of antibodies against HCV using enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) Kit. The positive samples were re-tested by qualitative HCV-RNA polymerase chain reaction. All data were analyzed using SPSS version 19.0 software. Results: The mean age of the participants was 49.15±9.02 years. Of these participants, 54.3 (n=2686) were females. Seven people (0.14) were detected as HCV positive and the highest frequency was seen in the age range of 40-50 (0.16). There was a statistical significant relationship between history of hospitalization (P=0.02) and history of abnormal urine (P=0.01) with the frequency of HCV infection. Conclusion: The findings of this study indicated that the frequency of hepatitis C virus infection is 0.14 in the general population of Azar Cohort
Overexpression of cancer stem cell marker Lgr5 in colorectal cancer patients and association with pathologic findings
Get PDFBackground: To determine the expression of cancer stem cell marker Leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein coupled receptor 5 (Lgr5) in colorectal carcinoma samples compared to normal adjacent tissue and any possible association with clinicopathological findings. Methods: This study was performed on forty samples of cancerous colorectal tissues (case group) and their adjacent normal mucosa (control group) in Imam Khomeini Hospital (Sari, Mazandaran, Iran). Expression of Lgr5 in tissue sections was done by immunohistochemistry. Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS software. Results: Forty colorectal cancer patients including 21 males (57.8±11.6 years) and 19 females (58.4±12.77 years) were enrolled. Lgr5 was overexpressed in tumoral samples than normal adjacent tissues (77.5 vs 27.5, p<0.001). Also, no association was found between primary tumor, regional lymph nodes, invasion, histological type, grade, distant metastasis and IHC results. Patients with low Lgr5 expression had a better survival rate than patients with high expression but this was not statistically significant (p=0.121). Conclusion:The higher immunoreactivity of Lgr5 in colorectal cancer tissues may indicate its role as a cancer stem cell marker in tumor carcinogenesis and patient’s survival however; Lgr5 is not associated with pathological prognostic variables