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Effect of Ho:YAG laser on kidney tissue with Virtual Basket™ and Bubble Blast™ pulse modulation: an experimental ex vivo study
No full textPurpose: There is a lack of studies in the literature on effects of Virtual Basket™ (VB) and Bubble Blast™ (BB) laser pulse modulations of the Ho:YAG laser on tissue. We aimed to compare the effects of standard modulation (SM), VB, and BB pulse modulations of Ho:YAG laser on kidney tissue.
Methods: An ex vivo experiment was conducted using veal kidneys. The Quanta System Cyber Ho 100W laser generator with a broad setting spectrum at 15-80 W, 10-40 Hz, 1.5-2 J, and medium pulse duration were tested. Incision depth (ID), vaporization area (VA), coagulation area (CA), and total laser area (TLA = VA + CA) were evaluated. Histopathological measurement outcomes were grouped as a low-power group (15, 20, and 30 W) and a high-power group (40, 60, and 80 W) according to the power outputs used.
Results: A total of 108 experiments were performed. In saline and high-power output (40, 60, 80 W), mean VA, TLA, and ID, histopathological measurements were higher in BB pulse modulation than VB and SM pulse modulations (p: 0.03, p: 0.001, and p: 0.003, respectively). In contrast, mean CA and LE measurements were higher in SM than in VB and BB pulse modulations (p 0.05).
Conclusion: VB can allow controlled dissection, as it does not create a large VA during surgical procedures. BB should be used in a controlled manner in soft tissue surgery due to its strong effect on tissues
Effect of Exenatide on Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis and Inflammation-Related Indices in Diabetic Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
No full textDiabetes mellitus is a chronic disease often associated with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and obesity. Both obesity and NASH are closely related to inflammation. In this study, we examined how exenatide, a glucagon-like peptide 1 analog, affects inflammatory and NASH-related markers in patients with diabetes. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted on 100 patients who visited our hospital with a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus. NASH-related indices and inflammatory indices were calculated from data obtained at baseline and at the third month of exenatide treatment. All data were analyzed first in all patients, and then the patients were grouped according to glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels of <8% or ≥8% and body mass index (BMI) of <40 or ≥40 kg/m2 and their data were reanalyzed. Results: A highly significant improvement was found in the conventional lipid profile. Among NASH-related indices, the nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) fibrosis score and aspartate aminotransferase-platelet ratio index (APRI) showed statistically significant decreases (P < 0.001 and P = 0.016, respectively). In particular, these significant decreases were independent of BMI and glycemic parameters. No statistically significant change was found in inflammatory indices. The decreases in NAFLD fibrosis score and APRI were statistically more significant in the group with HbA1c ≥8% (P = 0.021 and P = 0.002, respectively) and the group with BMI ≥40 kg/m2 (P = 0.002 and P = 0.029, respectively). Conclusions: Besides its established effects, such as lowering fasting plasma glucose levels and weight loss, exenatide exerts positive effects on the conventional lipid profile and NASH-associated indexes
Impact of COVID-19 on Turkish Health Insurance Industry
Get PDFSağlık sigortacılığı sektöründe; Türkiye’de COVID-19 nedeniyle oluşan değişimlerin ortaya konmasını amaçlamaktadır.
Yöntem: Sağlık sigorta sektöründe meydana gelen değişikliklerin tespiti için yetkili kurumların web sayfalarından 2017-2021 yıllarını kapsayan ikincil veriler elde edilerek içerik analizi yapılmıştır.
Bulgular: Pandemi başlangıcı öncesi ve sonrası iki yıllık periyotların ele alınması ile farklılıkların ortaya konabileceği düşünülmüş ve 2018-2019-2020-2021 yılı genel sağlık sigorta verileri ile özel sağlık sigortası verilerine bakılmıştır. Şirketlerin teknik kârlılık düzeylerinde bir etkilenme söz konusu olmasa da özel sigortalarda poliçe üretim sayısında bir azalma meydana geldiği gözlenmiştir.
Sonuç: Özel sağlık sektörü ve genel sağlık sigortası kapsamlarının genişletilmesi ile COVID-19’un meydana getirdiği risk durumu en az hasarla atlatılmış olarak değerlendirilebilir. Olağanüstü hallerde karşılaşılan durumların ekonomik çıktılarının ortaya konması sonraki dönemler için alternatif çözüm yolları oluşturulması açısından önemli görülmeli ve her yönden analiz edilmelidir.Health insurance is a structure in which the health risks of individuals are shared through premium
payment. The COVID-19 pandemic, which has affected the whole world, has led to many changes in
health insurance. The aim of the study is to reveal the changes in health insurance due to COVID-19 in
Turkey. The working hypothesis is that the COVID-19 process has led to changes in public and private
health insurance. In order to determine the changes in the health insurance sector, secondary data covering
the years 2017-2020 were obtained from the websites of the authorized institutions and a content analysis
was carried out. Considering the two-year periods before and after the pandemic, differences were
revealed, and the general health insurance data and private health insurance data for the years 2017-2018-
2019-2020-2021 were examined. It is seen that there is no decrease in the number of insured in terms of
general health insurance, while there is a decrease in the number of policies in private health insurances,
there is no contraction in the sector. For the next periods, health services are heavily shifted to this area
due to COVID-19; it can be predicted that it may result in an increase in the burden of disease in terms
of delayed demands, especially in chronic diseases. Situations encountered in extraordinary situations
should be analyzed from all aspects in order to create alternative solutions for the following periods
Effect of mode of delivery on neonatal oxidative stress and dynamic thiol-disulfide homeostasis
Get PDFObjective: To evaluate the effect of the mode of delivery on neonatal oxidative stress and dynamic thiol-disulfide homeostasis.
Methods: Sixty women who were followed up in the Obstetrics and Gynecology clinic were included in this prospective study. Cord blood samples were obtained from women who underwent cesarean section (CS) and vaginal delivery (VD). Total oxidant status and total antioxidant status levels were measured by spectrophotometry. The dynamic thiol-disulfide balance was determined by colorimetry.
Results: The total antioxidant status and oxidative stress index levels were higher and total oxidant status levels were lower in the VD group compared with the CS group. Native and total thiol levels were higher while disulfide levels were lower in the VD compared with the CS delivery group, while disulfide levels were higher in the CS group.
Conclusion: These results indicate that disulfide formation leads to decreased antioxidant capacity in women undergoing CS. Monitoring of dynamic thiol-disulfide levels may thus provide clinicians with important information on the oxidative stress status in newborns
The mediation role of organizational forgiveness in the effect of percieved organizational support on organizational commitment
No full textBu araştırmanın temel amacı öğretmenlerin algıladıkları örgütsel desteğin kurumlarına olan bağlılıklarına etkisinde örgütsel affediciliğin aracılık rolünü belirlemektir. İlişkisel tarama modeli metodu kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın evrenini 2020-2021 eğitim öğretim yılında Aksaray ilinde ilkokul, ortaokul ve lise düzeylerinde ve devlet ve özel okullarında görev yapan öğretmenler oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın örneklemi belirlenirken tek aşamalı küme örneklemi yönteminden yararlanılmıştır. 372 öğretmenden veri toplanmıştır. Veri toplama aracı olarak Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Algılanan Örgütsel Destek Ölçeği, Öğretmenler için Örgütsel Bağlılık Desteği ve Örgütsel Affedicilik Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Aracılık rolü hesaplamasında SPSS'in Hayes tarafından geliştirilen PROCESS v4.1 eklentisinin 4 numaralı modeli kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın sonucunda örgütsel affediciliğin örgütsel destek algısının örgütsel bağlılık üzerindeki etkisinde düşük düzeyde kısmi aracılık rolü tespit edilmiştir.The main purpose of this research is determining of the mediation role of organizational forgiveness in the effect of percieved organizational support on organizational commitment among teacher. Correlational survey model has been designed for the research. Sampling consist of teachers working in primary, secondary and high school of state and private schools in Aksaray during 2020-2021 academic year. One-stage cluster sampling method has been used in determining the sample. In this context, 372 datas have been collected from teachers. Personal Information Form, Organizational Forgiveness Scale, Organizational Commitment Scale and Percieved Organizational Support have been used as data collection tools. Model 4 of PROCESS v4.1 plugin of SPSS developed by Hayes in calculating mediation role has been run. According to the analysis, it has been determined that organizational forgiveness has a low level patial mediation effect on percieved organizational support and organizational commitment
Konya Ereglisi according to Yearbooks
No full textSahip olduğu coğrafi ve özel konumu neticesinde birçok medeniyete ev sahipliği yapan Ereğli, Konya vilayeti salnamelerinin yayınlandığı 1868-1914 tarihleri arasındaki dönemde, Konya vilayetine bağlı olan Konya sancağının on kazasından biridir. 1868-1869 yıllarında Ereğli kazası, kaza merkezi, Karapınar ve Divle nahiyelerinden oluşmaktadır. Bu sırada Konya sancağının en büyük kazalarından biri olan Ereğli, 1870 yılında Karapınar nahiyesinin kaza olmasıyla birlikte kapladığı alan ve nüfus bakımından küçülmüştür. Karasal bir iklime sahip olan kaza, çeşitli bağ ve bahçeleri ile ziraate uygundur. Su bakımından zengin olması sayesinde ekili araziler, akarsular ve yeraltı sularından beslenmiştir. Ereğli kazasında hayvancılık da yaygındır. Osmanlı Devleti'nde seferlerin batıya doğru yönelmesiyle birlikte gayrimüslim nüfusunun artışı Ereğli kazasının demografik yapısının değişmesinde etkili olmuştur. Bu çalışmada 1868-1914 yılları arasında Ereğli kazasının tarihi, coğrafyası, demografik, idari, eğitim ve ekonomik yapıları ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır.Ereğli, which has hosted many civilizations as a result of its geographical and special location, is one of the ten districts of the Konya sanjak, which was connected to the Konya province during the period between 1868-1914, when the Konya province yearbooks were published. In the years 1868-1869, Ereğli district consisted of the district center, Karapınar and Divle sub-districts. Meanwhile, Ereğli, one of the biggest districts of the Konya sanjak, shrank in terms of area and population with the Karapınar township becoming a district in 1870. Kaza, which has a continental climate, is suitable for agriculture with its various vineyards and gardens. Thanks to its richness in water, cultivated lands were fed by streams and groundwater. Animal husbandry is also common in Eregli district. In the Ottoman Empire, the increase in the non-Muslim population with the westward direction of the expeditions was effective in the change of the demographic structure of the Ereğli district. In this study, the history, geography, demographic, administrative, educational and economic structures of the Ereğli district between 1868-1914 were tried to be revealed
Mucilage based keratin film production and characterization
No full textDünya nüfusundaki hızlı artışla birlikte beyaz ete olan talepte artmaktadır. Kümes hayvanları endüstrisinin bir yan ürünü olan ve çok az kullanılan kaz tüyü, dünyadaki en bol bulunan yenilenebilen keratin biyo-kütlelerinden birisidir. Bu atıklardan kurtulmak amacıyla yapılan işlemler (yakma, gömme gibi) çevre sorunlarına neden olmaktadır. Bu nedenle, bu biyo-atığın bir biyo-kompozit filme dönüştürülmesi, yalnızca bu katı atıkların bertaraf edilmesi için sürdürülebilir bir strateji değil, aynı zamanda yenilenebilir biyo-kaynaklardan verimli bir biyomalzeme geliştirmek için çekici bir alternatif olarak kabul edilir. Atık kaz tüyleri ucuz, kolay ulaşılabilir ve yenilenebilir bir kaynak olmalarının yanı sıra düşük yoğunluk, yüksek sıkıştırılabilirlik ve elastikiyetlerinden dolayı birçok uygulamada avantaja sahiptirler. Kümes hayvanları tüyleri %91 oranında keratin içermektedir. Bu çalışmada kaz tüyünden elde edilen keratin ve ayva çekirdeği müsilajı kullanılarak ilk kez yenilebilir film üretimi yapılmıştır. Çalışma, atık kaz tüylerinden keratinin saflaştırılması, müsilaj temelli keratin film üretimi ve karakterizasyonunun (FT-IR, TGA ve SEM) yapılması ile antioksidan aktivitelerinin belirlenmesini içermektedir. Analiz sonuçları, yanık tedavisi ve yara iyileşmesi gibi alanlarda hem ekonomik hem de çevre dostu ürünler elde etmede kaz tüyünün potansiyel alternatif bir kaynak olduğu göstermiştir.With the rapid increase in the world population, the demand for white meat is increasing. Goose feather, a by-product of the poultry industry and rarely used, is one of the most abundant renewable keratin biomass in the world. Processing to get rid of these wastes (such as incineration, burial) causes environmental problems. So, converting this biowaste into a biocomposite film is considered not only a sustainable strategy for the disposal of this solid waste, but also an attractive alternative to develop an efficient biomaterial from renewable bioresources.In addition to being a cheap, easily accessible and renewable resource, waste goose feathers have advantages in many applications due to their low density, high compressibility and elasticity. Poultry feathers contain 91% keratin. In this thesis, edible film was produced for the first time by using quince seed mucilage and keratin obtained from goose feathers. The study includes purification of keratin from waste goose feathers, production and characterization of mucilage-based keratin film (FT-IR, TGA and SEM), and determination of antioxidant activities. The results of the analysis have shown that goose feather is a potential alternative source for obtaining both economical and environmentally friendly products in areas such as burn treatment and wound healing
The impact of news comments in social media on users perception of news
No full textEnformasyon çağı ve hakikat ötesi çağ gibi kavramlarla tanımlanan günümüz dünyasında hakikatin yeni medya dolayımıyla yeniden biçimlendiği, dönüştüğü ve bu değişimin salt haber üreticileri ile değil, aynı zamanda haber tüketicisinin sürece dahil olmasıyla gerçekleştiği bir zamana tanıklık edilmektedir. Bu değişimin temel öncülü de internet tabanlı uygulamaların yaygın hale gelmesidir. Nitekim, geleneksel gazeteciliğin tüm pratiklerinin siber uzama taşınması, iletişimin çok yönlü ve çok boyutlu olmasını sağlamıştır. 2000'li yıllardan sonra gazetecilik pratikleri, internet siteleri dışında sosyal medya mecralarının da kullanıma açılması ile yeni bir görünüm kazanmıştır. Gelinen bu aşama, sadece haber üreticilerini değil haber tüketicilerini de dönüştürmüştür. Bu çalışmada, yeni medyanın gündelik hayata nasıl nüfuz ettiği, değiştirdiği gündelik yaşam pratiklerinden haber okuma alışkanlıklarını ne ölçüde etkilediği ve sosyal medyadaki haber yorumlarının haberin algılanmasında etkisi olup olmadığı farklı yaş grupları özelinde irdelenmiştir. Sosyal medya ve sosyal medya haberciliği konusunda çok sayıda çalışma olsa da sosyal medya haberciliğini okur ve yorum temelinde irdeleyen az sayıda çalışma olduğu için çalışma önem arz etmektedir. Bu bağlamda Aksaray ili özelinde X, Y ve Z kuşaklarından örneklem seçilerek odak gruplar oluşturulmuş ve katılımcıların haber algılarının şekillenmesinde haber yorumlarının, beğenilerin ve sosyal medya hesapların herhangi bir rolü olup olmadığı araştırılmıştır. Araştırmada sosyal medya kullanıcılarının haber paylaşımlarından ve yorumlardan etkilenme düzeyi ile yaş arasında bir ilişki olduğu tespit edilmiş ve etki düzeyinin yaş arttıkça düştüğü bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır.In today's world, which is defined by concepts such as the information age and the post-truth age, we witness a time when the truth is reshaped and transformed through the new media, and this change takes place not only with the news producers, but also with the involvement of the news consumer in the process. The main premise of this change is the widespread use of internet-based applications. As a matter of fact, the transfer of all the practices of traditional journalism to cyberspace has made communication multidimensional and multidimensional. After the 2000s, journalism practices gained a new look with the opening of social media channels besides internet sites. This stage has transformed not only news producers but also news consumers. In this study, how the new media penetrates into daily life, to what extent it affects the habits of reading news from the daily life practices it has changed, and whether the news comments on the social media have an effect on the perception of the news have been examined in terms of age generations. Although there are many studies on social media and social media journalism, the study is important because there are few studies that examine social media journalism on the basis of reading and commenting. In this context, focus groups were formed by selecting samples from X, Y and Z generations in Aksaray province and it was investigated whether news comments, likes and accounts have any role in shaping the news perceptions of the participants. In the research, it was determined that there is a relationship between the level of being affected by the news sharing and comments of the social media users and the age, and it was found that the level of influence decreases as the age increases
Predictive ability of the MEWS, REMS, and RAPS in geriatric patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection in the emergency department
Get PDFTo compare the ability of the Modified Early Warning Score (MEWS), Rapid Emergency Medicine Score (REMS), and Rapid Acute Physiology Score (RAPS) to predict 30 day-mortality in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection aged 65 years and over. Methods: This prospective, single-center, observational study was carried out with 122 volunteers aged 65 years and over with patients confirmed to have SARS-CoV-2 infection according to the RT-PCR test, who presented to the emergency department between March 1, 2020 and May 1, 2020. Demographic data, comorbidities, vital parameters, hematological parameters, and MEWS, REMS and RAPS values of the patients were recorded prospectively. Results: Among the 122 patients included in the study, the median age was 71 (25th-75th quartile: 67-79) years. The rate of 30-day mortality was 10.7% for the study cohort. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve values for MEWS, RAPS and REMS were 0.512 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.420-0.604, p = 0.910], 0.500 (95% CI: 0.408-0.592, p = 0.996), and 0.675 (95% CI: 0.585-0.757, p = 0.014), respectively. The odds ratios of MEWS (≥2), RAPS (>2) and REMS (>5) for 30-day mortality were 0.374 (95% CI: 0.089-1.568, p = 0.179), 1.696 (95% CI: 0.090-31.815, p = 0.724), and 1.008 (95% CI: 0.257-3.948, p = 0.991), respectively. Conclusion: REMS, RAPS and MEWS do not seem to be useful in predicting 30-day mortality in geriatric patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection presenting to the emergency departmen
A novel one‑step multiplex PCR protocol to detect avian haemosporidian parasites in the subgenus Haemoproteus (Kruse, 1890) used to quantify parasite prevalence in domestic pigeons (Columba livia) in Turkey
No full textInfections of avian haemosporidian parasites are regularly identified by molecular methods including multiplex PCR, which allows researchers to distinguish mixed infections of parasites from multiple genera. Here we extend the utility of a previously designed multiplex PCR by designing a primer set specific to parasites of the subgenus Haemoproteus (genus: Haemoproteus). The updated one-step multiplex PCR protocol we describe here allows for the detection of the genera Plasmodium and Leucocytozoon and the two subgenera (Haemoproteus and Parahaemoproteus) of the genus Haemoproteus. A sensitivity analysis showed that the multiplex PCR could amplify DNA of parasites in the subgenus Haemoproteus at very low levels of infection. We used this multiplex PCR to identify haemosporidian infections in 250 adult domestic pigeons (Columba livia) in Turkey. All samples were also screened by microscopy and a widely used nested PCR to compare with the results of multiplex PCR, to detect low levels of parasitemia, and to identify possible abortive infections. In total, 71 pigeons (28.4%) were found to be infected by all three methods. The multiplex PCR protocol successfully detected and discriminated both subgenera Haemoproteus and Parahaemoproteus infections. We compared our results with previous host species records to assess the host specificity of the parasite lineages we found. Our findings provide novel data on the prevalence of avian haemosporidians in domestic pigeons and demonstrate the utility of the new one-step multiplex PCR protocol for the determination of mixed avian haemosporidian infections. We expect that this protocol will contribute to a better understanding of the distribution, epizootiology, and ecology of avian haemosporidians