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Eros ‘Aşk’ ile Psykhe ‘Ruh’ anlatısının arkeolojik veriler ışığında ikonografik ve sanat eleştirel yöntemle çözümlenmesi
No full textYunan ve Roma mitolojisi, aşk, kıskançlık, dostluk, mücadele ve öfke gibi pek çok insani özelliği ve duyguyu tanrılara, yarı tanrılara ve kahramanlara yükleyerek sayısız hikaye sunmaktadır. Antik Yunan mitolojisinde kültürler Eros’a, bazı özel yeteneklere sahip olan, tanrısal anlamlar yüklediler. Örneğin sevgi ve aşk tanrısı gibi. Mitolojik temalı birçok sanat eserinde karşımıza çıkan Eros, sembolik bir figür olmasıyla birlikte, aynı zamanda yüksek derecede zeka sergileyen, hileye başvuran ve kahraman olan tanrısal bir karakterdir. Doğa üstü kehanetlere sahip olup, geçmişi ve geleceği görebilir. Eros kelimesi etimolojik olarak aşk, sevgi ve arzu anlamları taşır. Aynı zamanda tutku ile karşısındakini sevmeyi, bağlılığı ve ona aşık olmayı temsil eder. Türkçeye ruh olarak çevirdiğimiz kelime, Yunanca metinlerde- ki psykhe kelimesidir. Ruh kelimesine karşılık olarak kabul edilen kavramlar, her dilde farklı bir etimo- lojik, tarihsel, dinî, felsefi ve kültürel bir kökene dayanmakta ve çok geniş ve derin bir sanat alanının izlerini taşımaktadır. Çoğu zaman ruh olarak bildiğimiz psykhe’nin kimi zaman hayalet anlamında da kullanıldığı görülür. Antik Çağ boyunca Eros ile ilişkilendirilen pek çok mitolojik olay bilinmektedir. Eros’a ait bilinen en önemli ve en ünlü olan mitos Psykhe ile yaşadığı aşkı anlatan ve sonradan Roma Dönemi'nde de süregelen mitostur. “Eros ‘Aşk” ile Psykhe ‘Ruh’ mitosu, çağlar boyunca anlatısal bir metin olduğundan yüzlerce yıldır mozaik sanatı, heykel sanatı, seramik sanatı, tiyatro, sinema, medya, moda, müzik, popüler kültür gibi pek çok alanda yaşatılmıştır. Arkeolojik veriler ışığında Eros ve Psykhe çifti tasvirleri, ölümden çok aşkın, birlikte olmanın ve evliliğin birer sembolüdür. Eros ve Psykhe’nin anlatıldığı sanat eserleri tasvirlerinde aşk teması birbirinin aynısı olarak sürekli işlenmiştir. Bu temadaki eserler ortaya konulurken estetik de gözardı edilmemiştir. Özellikle aşkın estetiği ön plandadır. Eros ve Psykhe tasvirlerinde aşkı temsil eden öpücük teması birçok sanat eserinde özellikle vurgulanmıştır. Bu izleyene aşk ve sevginin yanında bağlılığı da çağrıştırır.There are many fairy tales about the gods, half god sand heroes at Greekand Roman Mytology and they feel like the humanbeings, love, friendship, jealousy and an danger can be seen at these tales. At the ancient Greek mytology; Eros has some special talents of the gods. Eros is a symbolic figure, he is a clever, cheater and divine character. He has clair voyance ability so he can feel the future and past unknown events. Eros word means love, like and passion. He symbolises to love somebody with a deep passion and loyalty. The spirit in Turkish word means Psykhe in Greek mytology. Meaning of the spirit differs frome achculture, spirit word has historical, religious, philosophical and culturel roots. Sometimes the spirit Psyke word is used instead of the ghost meaning. There are many myto- logical tales about Eros. The most important tale; in another word; mythos is about the love between Eros and Psykhe. Eros “Love” and Psykhe “The spirit” mythos has been used at mosaic art, statue art, ceramic art, drama, cinema, fashion, music and at the popular culture. According to the archaeologi- cal data; the pictures of Eros and Psyke couple symbolises love after death and the marriage. Love theme can be seen at the art works about Eros and Psykhe. Also the aesthetic approach can only be seen at these artworks. Especially the aesthetic of love is important. Kiss symbol is used which is representing the love theme at the art works about Eros and Psykhe, this symbol is also represent the loyalty
(n,2n) cross section calculations for tungsten, tantalum and osmium nuclei
No full textTungsten, tantalum and osmium are important alloying elements in the nuclear technology research and development, particularly in nuclear fission/fusion power plant material applications. So, data results of the cross sections and emission spectra of neutron-induced reactions are required to predict nuclear responses in these elements. However, the cross sections measurements of (n,2n) reactions on tungsten, tantalum and osmium isotopes are rather limited in the literature. In this case, theoretical approaches are often used for obtaining the cross section data. In this article, theoretical (n,2n) cross sections on 180,182-184,186W, 181Ta and 186,192Os target nuclei are calculated up to 20 MeV energy, using the simulation codes TALYS 1.95, ALICE/ASH and CEM03.01. Further, the empirical (n,2n) systematics based on the statistical model have been used for predicting the cross section data at ∼14 MeV incident neutrons. The present results from the empirical systematics and model-based calculations are also compared with the literature experimental data, and JENDL-5.0, ENDF/B-VIII, JEFF3.3 and TENDL-2021 libraries. This paper can provide a contribution to complete description of the (n,2n) reactions considering the lack of experimental cross section data
Effects of Spirulina on Some Oxidative Stress Parameters and Endurance Capacity in Regular and Strenuous Exercises
No full textWe examined the effects of spirulina supplementation on oxidative status in plasma, liver and muscle tissue and endurance capacity in moderate and exhaustive swimming exercise in rats. Method: Animals were divided into six groups: control, spirulina (SP), chronic exercise (CE), chronic exercise with spirulina (CES), exhaustive exercise (E), and exhaustive exercise with spirulina (ES). Spirulina was administered orally to rats in the SP, CES and ES groups at a dose of 750 mg/kg per day for 6 weeks. The chronic exercise groups underwent swimming exercise for 1 hour/day for 6 weeks. Animals from groups E and ES were subject to exhaustive exercise stress. Creatine kinase (CK), CK-MB, lactate dehydrogenase activities, and uric acid levels were determined in the plasma, whereas malondialdehyde levels and MPO, XO, SOD, CAT, GPx and antioxidant activities were measured in plasma, liver and muscle tissues. Results: Spirulina supplementation attenuated the increase in plasma CK activity induced by exhaustive exercise. Although chronic exercise increased plasma SOD activity, it promoted decreases in liver tissue XO activities and MDA levels as well as muscle tissue MDA levels. Exhaustive exercise reduced liver CAT activities, whereas plasma CAT activities increased. Spirulina supplementation had no effect on endurance capacity in a single session of exhaustive swimming exercise. Conclusion: We concluded that spirulina platensis, ameliorates increases in the plasma activities of CK, probably by decreasing pre-oxidative MDA levels in skeletal muscle
Effect of syringic acid on oxidative stress, autophagy, apoptosis, inflammation pathways against testicular damage induced by lead acetate.
No full textHeavy metals are one of the environmental pollutants. Lead (Pb) is one of the most common of these heavy metals. In this study, it was aimed at investigating the effects of syringic acid (SA) against testicular toxicity in rats administered lead acetate (PbAc). Methods: In the present study, a total of 35 Sprague-Dawley rats, 7 in each group, were used. The rats were divided into 5 groups, with 7 male rats in each group. Rats were given PbAc and SA orally for 7 days. The effects of PbAc and SA on epididymal sperm quality and apoptosis, inflammation, oxidative stress and histopathological changes in testicular tissue were determined. Results: While PbAc disrupted the seminiferous tubules and produced atrophic images, SA corrected these histological abnormalities. PbAc adminisration significantly reduced the levels of SOD, GSH, GPx, CAT, NRF-2 and NQO1 and significantly increased the levels of MDA and 8-OHdG in the testicular tissue of rats, while SA improved this situation. NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-1β, NLRP3, RAGE, ATF6, PERK, IRE1, CHOP, and GRP78 genes expression levels increased with PbAc administration, however these levels decreased with SA administration. In addition, PbAc increased the levels of apoptotic markers Bax, Caspase-3 and APAF-1 and decreased the level of Bcl-2, while SA improved this situation. It was observed that PbAc significantly reduced sperm quality in rats, while SA positively affected sperm quality. Conclusion: As a result, SA administered against PbAc-induced testicular dysfunction in rats can provide effective protection at doses of 25 mg/kg/bw and 50 mg/kg/bw
Analysis Of movie poster through semiotics: sample of the movie “Çanakkale Yolun Sonu”
Full text linkİnsan var olduğu günden beri pek çok görsel mesajla iletişim kurmaya çalışmıştır. Bu yüzden görsel iletişim diğer iletişim türlerine göre daha çok kullanılmış ve daha hızlı gelişmiştir. İletişim sürecinde kullanılan görsel kodları anlamlandırmak ve çözümlemek ise göstergebilimsel kuram ve yöntemi ile gerçekleştirmek mümkün hale gelmiştir. Modern çağda bilim ve teknolojinin inanılmaz hızla gelişmesi özellikle görsel iletişim alanını derinden etkilediği görülmektedir. Bu durum da insan yaşamını tüm boyutlarıyla çepeçevre sarmıştır. Göstergebilimin dil olarak kabul ettiği sinema kurgu ve anlatım biçimleriyle önemli bir iletişim aracı olmakla birlikte bir anlam taşıma ve anlam oluşturma biçimi sunmaktadır. Filmi tanıtan afiş aracılığıyla bir düşünceyi, bir fikri ve bir anlamı en sade ve açık anlatımla gözler önüne serilmektedir. Bu çalışma kapsamında “Çanakkale Yolun Sonu” filmi afişinin içinde barındırdığı temel anlamları ve izleyiciye vermek istediği mesaj çözümlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Bu filmin afişinde ön plan çıkarılan anlamların nasıl üretildiği göstergebilimsel yöntem ve ilkeler ışığında incelenmiştir. Ayrıca afişte yer alan göstergelerin oluşturduğu metnin arka planında saklanan gerçek anlamların nasıl oluşturulduğu ve iletildiği de gözler önüne serilerek Roland Barthes’ın geliştirdiği düz anlam ve yan anlam boyutlarında anlamlar ortaya çıkarılmıştır.Man has been trying to communicate through many visual messages since his
existance. Therefore, visual communication is used widely as compared to other communication types and develops faster than the others. It is possible to explain
and analyse the visual codes in communication process through theory and method
of semiotics. It is seen that the rapid development of science and technology affects
especially the visual communication sphere profoundly in modern age. In this sense,
it encloses the human life with all its dimensions. Accepted as a language in terms of
lingusitic, cinema is a crucial communication tool with its fiction and narrative types
and presents a form of carrying and conveying meaning. Through the poster
introducing a movie, an opinion, idea and a meaning are revealed with the easiest
and the most straight-forward way. In this study, it is aimed to analyse the core
meanings and messages that the movie poster of Çanakkale Yolun Sonu intends to
deliver to the viewers. In the poster of this movie, how the meanings highlighted in
the poster are produced in the light of the methods and principles of semiotics.
Besides, how the real meanings hid behind the text that the indicators in the movie
constitute are produced and revealed
An experimental and numerical study of the strengthening of masonry brick vaults
Full text linkVaults are curvilinear cover systems that cover open spaces formed by the combination of arches. The vaults, built using materials such as stone and brick, are used in historical buildings such as mosques, madrasahs, inns, baths, churches, and monasteries. In this study, experimental studies were carried out to examine the reinforcement techniques with steel and different types of CFRP strip applications applied to masonry vaults. Within the scope of the research, one reference sample, one tie rod, four reinforced CFRP materials of different designs, and a total of six masonry vault samples were tested under axial compression. The test vault samples were also analyzed numerically in the LUSAS Analysis Program, and the test results obtained from the numerical analysis were compared. According to the results obtained, the load-bearing capacity of the reinforced samples increased by at least 45% compared to the non-reinforced sample that was named as the reference
A mathematical model with piecewise constant arguments of colorectal cancer with chemo-immunotherapy
No full textWe propose a new mathematical model with piecewise constant arguments of a system of ODEs to investigate the growth of colorectal cancer and its response to chemo-immunotherapy. Our main target in this paper is to analyze and represent the I.S.'s (immune system) efficiency during the chemotherapeutic process. Therefore, we proved and illustrated the necessity of IL-2 that supports the immune system, especially in early-detected cases of tumor density. Thus, the constructed model has been divided into sub-systems: the cell populations, the effects of the medications doxorubicin, and IL-2 concentration. Firstly, we analyze the stability of the equilibrium points (disease-free and co-existing) using the Routh-Hurwitz criteria. In addition, our study has shown that the system undergoes period-doubling, stationary and Neimark-Sacker bifurcations based on specific conditions. In the end, we illustrate some simulations to assist the theory of the manuscript
The relationship between COVID-19 anxiety and preoperative anxiety during the pandemic
No full textPurpose: The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between COVID-19 anxiety levels and preoperative anxiety in patients who will undergo elective surgery during the pandemic period.
Design: This study was an analytical cross-sectional study.
Methods: The study was carried out with 228 patients between May and December 2021 in the surgical clinics of a training and research hospital. The data were collected using patient information form, Coronavirus
Anxiety Scale (CAS) and Amsterdam Preoperative Anxiety and Information Scale (APAIS).
Findings: The patients’ APAIS total score level was 15.86 § 6.44, and the CAS score was 6.63 § 3.61. A positive,
moderate and statistically significant relationship was found between the CAS score and the APAIS total score
(r = 0.547; P = .000) and, the CAS score and anxiety due to anesthesia surgery (r = 0.545; P = .000) and information (r = 0.501; P = .000) sub-dimensions.
Conclusions: The results of this study showed that the preoperative anxiety level increased in individuals with
increased coronavirus anxiety levels
Chrysin mitigates diclofenac-induced hepatotoxicity by modulating oxidative stress, apoptosis, autophagy and endoplasmic reticulum stress in rats
No full textDiclofenac (DF) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) generally prescribed for the treatment of pain. In spite of the widespread use of DF, hepatotoxicity has been reported after its administration. The current study discloses new evidence as regards of the curative effects of chrysin (CHR) on DF-induced hepatotoxicity by regulating oxidative stress, apoptosis, autophagy, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Methods: The animals were separated into five different groups. Group-I was in control. Group-II received CHR-only (50 mg/kg bw, p.o.) on all 5 days. Group-III received DF-only (50 mg/kg bw, i.p.) on 4th and 5th day. Group-IV received DF (50 mg/kg bw) + CHR (25 mg/kg, bw) and group-V received DF (50 mg/kg, bw) + CHR (50 mg/kg, bw) for 5 days. Results: DF injection was associated with increased MDA while reduced GSH level, activities of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase and mRNA levels of HO-1 and Nrf2 in the liver. DF injection caused apoptosis and autophagy in the liver by up-regulating caspase-3, Bax, LC3A, and LC3B levels and down-regulating Bcl-2. DF also caused ER stress by increasing mRNA transcript levels of ATF-6, IRE1, PERK, and GRP78. Additionally, it was observed that DF administration up-regulated MMP2 and MMP9. However, treatment with CHR at a dose of 25 and 50 mg/kg considerably ameliorated oxidative stress, apoptosis, autophagy, and ER stress in liver tissue. Conclusion: Overall, the data of this study indicate that liver damage associated with DF toxicity could be ameliorated by CHR administration
Investigation of the forkhead box protein P2 gene by the next-generation sequence analysis method in children diagnosed with specific learning disorder
No full textObjective: It was aimed to investigate the role of the forkhead box protein P2 (FOXP2) gene in the cause of specific learning disorder (SLD) with the next-generation sequencing method.
Material and methods: The study included 52 children diagnosed with SLD and 46 children as control between the ages of 6-12 years. Interview Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children, Present and Lifelong Version in Turkish, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV)-Based Screening and Evaluation Scale for Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders, Specific Learning Disability Test Battery were applied to all participants. The FOXP2 gene was screened by the next-generation sequencing (NGS) method in all participants.
Results: A total of 17 variations were detected in the FOXP2 gene in participants. The number and diversity of variations were higher in the patient group. In the patient group, c.1914 + 8A>T heterozygous variation and three different types of heterozygous variation (13insT, 13delT and 4dup) in the c.1770 region were detected. It was found that the detected variations showed significant relationships with the reading phenotypes determined by the test battery.
Conclusion: It was found that FOXP2 variations were seen more frequently in the patient group. Some of the detected variations might be related to the clinical phenotype of SLD and variations found in previous studies from different countries were not seen in Turkish population. Our study is the first to evaluate the role of FOXP2 gene variations in children with SLD in Turkish population, and novel variations in the related gene were detected