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Effect of endotracheal intubation on voice
No full textFollowing endotracheal intubation (ETI), voice changes can be observed quite frequently. Considering that the pressure that occurs increases as the duration of anesthesia with ETI increases, with the aim to contribute to literature, we realized objective acoustic analysis by grouping patients according to the length of surgical periods. We wanted to investigate both the impact of endotracheal intubation on the voice and how long this impact lasted by performing voice analyzes on the preoperative, postoperative first day and postoperative fifth day. Material and methods: Patients were examined in three groups comprised of operations lasting less than 60 minutes depending on the operation time (1st group, n = 21), operations lasting between 60-120 minutes (2nd group, n = 21) and operations lasting longer than 120 minutes (3rd group, n = 18). For patients in all three groups, preoperative, postoperative first day and postoperative fifth day voice analyzes have been performed and compared statistically. Results: With the evaluation made on the postoperative first day, it was found that the jitter%, shimmer% and shimmer dB values increased significantly as the operation time increased and it was observed that the HNR values decreased significantly (for jitter% P = 0,008, for shimmer% P = 0,027, for shimmer dB P = 0,025, for HNR P = 0,028). There was no significant difference between the postoperative first day F0 values and postoperative fifth day F0, jitter%, shimmer%, shimmer dB and HNR values in all three groups. Conclusion: It is possible to state that ETI makes changes in the voice in the early period, but the changes are normalized in the long term. However, multidisciplinary studies with larger patient groups are needed for more precise and clear judgments
Actions and semi-direct products in categories of groups with action
Full text linkDerived actions in the category of groups with action on itself Gr• are defined and de-scribed. This category plays a crucial role in the solution of two problems of Loday stated in the literature. A full subcategory of reduced groups with action rGr• of Gr• is intro-duced, which is not a category of interest but has some properties, which can be applied in the investigation of action representability in this category; these properties are similar to those, which were used in the construction of universal strict general actors in the category of interest. Semi-direct product constructions are given in Gr• and rGr• and it is proved that an action is a derived action in Gr• (resp. rGr•) if and only if the corresponding semi-direct product is an object of Gr• (resp. rGr•). The results obtained in this paper will be applied in the forthcoming paper on the representability of actions in the category rGr•
Carvacrol reduces abnormal and dead sperm counts by attenuating sodium arsenite-induced oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and autophagy in the testicular tissues of rats
No full textArsenic (As) is a highly toxic metalloid. Carvacrol (CAR) is the active ingredient of Lamiaceae plants and has various biological and pharmacological properties. The present study investigated the protective effects of carvacrol (CAR) against testicular toxicity induced by sodium arsenite (SA). Rats were given SA (10 mg/kg) and/or CAR (25 or 50 mg/kg) for 14 days. Semen analyzes showed that CAR increased sperm motility and decreased the percentage of abnormal and dead sperm. It was determined that the oxidative stress induced by SA decreased with the increase of Nrf-2 and HO-1 expressions, SOD, CAT, GPx, and GSH levels, and MDA levels decreased after CAR treatment. It was observed that autophagy and inflammation triggered by SA in testicular tissue were alleviated by suppressing the expressions of LC3A, LC3B, MAPK-14, NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-1β, iNOS, and COX-2 biomarkers in rats given CAR. Also, CAR treatment suppressed SA-induced apoptosis by inhibiting Bax and Caspase-3 expressions in testicles and up-regulating Bcl-2 expression. Histopathological analyzes showed that rats given SA had deterioration in tubule structure and spermatogenesis cell line, especially a serious loss of spermatogonia cells, atrophy of seminiferous tubules, and deterioration of germinal epithelium. In the group given CAR, the germinal epithelium and connective tissue were in normal morphological structure and an increase in seminiferous tubule diameters was observed. As a result, it was determined that oxidative stress, inflammation, autophagy, and apoptosis induced by SA were suppressed by CAR, thus protecting the testicular tissue from damage and increasing semen quality
Specialization of law enforcement for tourism security: the case of Turkish Gendarmerie
Full text linkThis research was conducted to reveal how the Turkish Gendarmerie should specialize in ensuring the security of touristic destinations. From October 2020 to February 2021, the opinions of 135 participants with high authority in the field of tourism and security were received in five different provinces through an interview form created for this study. Content analysis was used in the analysis of the data. The findings obtained with this analysis were interpreted under seven themes: general security policy, uniform, equipment, awareness, duty, qualification, and training. According to the findings of the research, the Turkish Gendarmerie should serve visibly in touristic destinations with a different security concept. In the light of the findings obtained with this study, various recommendations were presented to practitioners and researchers in tourism and security field
Synthesis and characterization of green phenolic resin with olive oil mill wastewater
Full text linkOlive oil mill wastewater (OMW), a by-product of the olive oil industry, each year is generated millions of tons all over Mediterranean countries. Uncontrolled disposal of the OMW leads to massive environmental problems including soil and water pollution. In this experimental study, the OMW was used to partly replace clean water for getting prepared formaldehyde solution. Then, phenol and formaldehyde solutions were synthesized under alkali conditions to obtain more green phenol–formaldehyde (PF) resin. The effect of the OMW substitution level on the chemical and thermal properties of PF resin was examined by the Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectral and thermogravimetric (TGA) analysis, respectively. Moreover, the bonding strength of each PF resin was evaluated under dry and wet conditions. It was found that FT-IR measurements showed that the PF resin containing various amounts of the OMW had a chemical structure very similar to the PF resin. The thermogravimetric analysis demonstrated that the low‐molecular‐weight organics in the OMW had negatively affected the thermal stability of the modified PF resins. In addition, the wood samples bonded with the PF resin containing up to 30 wt% OMW met the minimum requirements of interior and exterior bonding performance according to standard EN 12765. The OMW could be replaced by clean water up to 30 wt% for the production of green phenolic resin
Removal of COD and color from textile wastewater by the fenton and UV/H2O2 oxidation processes and optimization
No full textTextile industry wastewaters are complex and hazardous because of the variety of dyestuffs and chemicals used in the textile fiber dyeing and finishing processes. Individual wastewater treatment through physical, biological, or chemical methods has its own advantages and disadvantages. Advanced oxidation processes are considered one of the most attractive methods for treating water and wastewater containing toxic and non-biodegradable pollutants. In this study, color and COD removal efficiencies were investigated using advanced oxidation methods Fenton (Fe2+/H2O2) and ultraviolet/hydrogen peroxide (UV/H2O2) processes. The optimum values of operational parameters that affect the Fenton and UV/H2O2 treatment of wastewater were determined, such as iron dosage, hydrogen peroxide dosage, process time, and pH. The optimum conditions for the Fenton process were determined as H2O2 and Fe2+ concentrations of 1 mg L−1, process time of 30 min, and pH < 3.5. Under these conditions, removal efficiencies of 87.9%, 96.4%, and 98.4% were obtained for COD, color, and turbidity, respectively. In the UV/H2O2 process, optimum conditions were determined as 30 min of processing time, 1 mg L−1 H2O2 concentration, and pH = 3.5 value. Under these conditions, removal efficiencies of 86.7% and 96.5% were obtained for COD and color. The obtained experimental results were also modeled with the nonlinear regression method. When the results were evaluated, it was determined that advanced oxidation methods were very effective in removing color and COD from textile industry wastewater. In addition, based on the finding, the model presented can be used to predict the COD and color removal based on the dependent variables such as Fe2+, pH, time, and H202 concentration
An analysis on Gece Yolculuğu in the framework of the concept of alienation
Full text linkBu çalışmada Türkiye sinemasının en özgün isimlerinden biri olan Ömer Kavur'un yönettiği Gece Yolculuğu filmi, yönetmenin külliyatını sıkça ziyaret eden yabancılaşma kavramı üzerinden ele alınmaktadır. Bu doğrultuda öncelikle söz konusu kavramın betimlenmesi üzerinde durulmuş, ardından Ömer Kavur'un sineması ve Gece Yolculuğu filminden bahsedilmiştir. Çalışmanın analiz bölümünde yabancılaşma kavramının Gece Yolculuğu filmine nasıl yansıdığı, karakterleri ve hikâyeyi nasıl şekillendirdiği irdelenmiştir.Alienation is one of the basic concepts that determines the attitudes and behaviors
towards a job that people are responsible for, the people around them, and ultimately
themselves. Participation in social life directly affects the motivation of the individual.
Alienation, which is frequently discussed in disciplines such as philosophy,
sociology and politics, also finds its place in the fields of art such as cinema, literature
and painting. In this study, the movie Gece Yolculuğu directed by Ömer Kavur, which
treats alienation as a basic motif throughout his filmography, is discussed. In fact,
alienation is also encountered in the director's films such as Akrebin Yolculuğu, Yatık
Emine, Anayurt Oteli and Gizli Yüz. However, it is seen that alienation takes the stage
in different forms in Gece Yolculuğu. Therefore, in this study, the movie Gece
Yolculuğu was chosen to analyze. Descriptive analysis method was used in the
presentation of the study. This method allows the findings obtained through various
data collection methods to be systematically evaluated and transferred to the reader.
For this, firstly, the description of the concept of alienation was emphasized, then
Ömer Kavur's cinema and the movie Gece Yolculuğu were mentioned. In the analysis
part of the study, how alienation is reflected in the movie Gece Yolculuğu and how it
shaped the characters and the story were examined
Unique reaction of cyclicimides containing double bond with chlorosulfonyl isocyanate and theoretical computations: Solvent-free reactions
No full textThe addition reactions of chlorosulfonyl isocyanate (CSI) to N-phenylmaleimide and 2-phenyl-3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione were investigated. Interesting products were obtained from the reaction of both compounds with CSI. N-phenylmaleimide led to the formation of an electrophilic substitution product, 4-(2,5-dioxo-2,5-dihydro-1H-pyrrol-1-yl)benzenesulfonyl chloride while 2-phenyl-3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione led to the formation of ((3aS,7aR,E)-3-oxo-2-phenyl-2,3,3a,4,7,7a-hexahydro-1H-isoindol-1-ylidene)sulfamoyl chloride. The structure of both products was determined by using spectroscopic methods such as NMR and Mass. Theoretical studies were carried out to explain the different reactions of both compounds with similar structures. It was determined by theoretical studies that the progression of both compounds through different reactions depends on the structure of the imides used and the energy levels of the intermediates
A rational approach for 3D recognition and removal of L-asparagine via molecularly imprinted membranes
No full textIn this study, a L-asparagine (L-Asn) imprinted membranes (L-Asn-MIPs) were synthesized via molecular imprinting for selective and efficient removal of L-Asn. The L-Asn-MIP membrane was prepared by using acrylamide (AAm) and hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) as a functional monomer and a comonomer, respectively. The membrane was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The L-Asn adsorption capacity of the membrane was investigated in detail. The maximum L-Asn adsorption capacity was determined as 408.2 mg/g at pH: 7.2, 24 °C. Determination of L-Asn binding behaviors of L-Asn-MIPs also shown with Scatchard analyses. The effect of pH on L-Asn adsorption onto the membrane and also the selectivity and reusability of the L-Asn-MIPs for L-Asn adsorption were determined through L-asparaginase (L-ASNase) enzyme activity measurements. The selectivity of the membrane was investigated by using two different ternary mixtures; L-glycine (L-Gly)/L-histidine (L-His)/L-Asn and L-tyrosin (L-Tyr)/L-cystein(L-Cys)/L-Asn. The obtained results showed that the L-Asn-MIP membranes have a high selectivity towards L-Asn
Health communication: use of public ads as a communication tool in the pandemic period
Full text linkKitle iletişim araçlarında sıklıkla yer bulan ve önemi her geçen gün daha da artan sağlık haberleri, sağlık iletişimi kavramını gündeme getirmiştir. Bir halkla ilişkiler faaliyeti olan sağlık iletişimi kampanyaları, bireylere sağlıkla ilgili doğru ve güvenilir bilgiyi aktararak hastalıklara dair bilinçlendirmeyi hedeflemektedir. Toplumsal farkındalığın artması ve faydanın sağlanması için Sağlık Bakanlığı da kitle iletişim araçları vasıtasıyla kamu spotları yayınlamaktadır. Söz konusu kamu spotlarında kimi zaman rasyonel kimi zaman da duygu çekicilikleri kullanılarak bireylerin bilinçaltına hitap edilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı Sağlığın Geliştirilmesi Genel Müdürlüğü tarafından COVID-19 (Koronavirüs) salgınına dair farklı temalara sahip 5 kamu spotunun Roland Barthes’in göstergebilimsel analiz yöntemiyle incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı’nın kamu spotlarında, hastalığı önleyici ve hastalıktan korunmayı teşvik edici rasyonel ve duygusal kodları kullanarak bilinçlendirme faaliyetleri yaptığı görülmüştür. İncelenen kamu spotları alanında uzman veya kamuoyunda güven kazanmış dizi oyuncularıyla desteklenmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular itibariyle kamu spotlarında temel anlamsal düzeyde inanılırlık ve güvenilirlik temaları kullanılarak hedef kitleyi ikna etmeye yönelik mesajlar verildiği sonuna ulaşılmıştır.Health news, which is frequently included in media and becomes much more
important day by day, revive the concept of health communication. As a public
relations activity, health communication campaigns aim to raise awareness about
illness by conveying correct and reliable information. In order to increase social
awareness and provide benefits, the Ministry of Health also broadcasts public service
announcements through mass media. In these public service advertisements, the
subconscious of individuals is addressed by using sometimes rational and sometimes
emotional appeals. In this study, T.R. It is aimed to analyze 5 public service
announcements with different themes about the COVID-19 (Coronavirus) epidemic by
the General Directorate of Health Promotion of the Ministry of Health with the
semiotic analysis method of Roland Barthes. As a result of the study, T.R. It has been
seen that the Ministry of Health carries out awareness-raising activities by using
rational and emotional codes that prevent and encourage disease prevention in public
service announcements. In the field of public spots that were examined are supported
by TV series actors who were experts in their fields or gained public trust. According
to the findings, it was concluded that the messages aimed at persuading the target
audience were given by using the themes of credibility and reliability at a basis
semantic level in the field of public spots