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Hyper-Fibonacci and Hyper-Lucas Polynomials
Full text linkIn this paper, hyper-Fibonacci and hyper-Lucas polynomials are defined and some of their algebraic and combinatorial properties such as the recurrence relations, summation formulas, and generating functions are presented. In addition, some relationships between the hyper-Fibonacci and hyper-Lucas polynomials are given
Is there a relationship between kinesiophobia, pain, depression, disease activity, functional status and quality of life in patients with ankylosing spondylitis?
Full text linkTo evaluate the presence of kinesiophobia and its potential effects on pain, depres sion, disease activity and quality of life in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Materials and Methods: The study included 58 AS patients and 55 healthy controls. Tampa Kinesiophobia Scale (TKS) was used to evaluate the presence of kinesiophobia, Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for severity of pain, Beck Depression Index (BDI) for de pression level, Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI) for disease activity, Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (BAS-FI) for functional status, and Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (ASQoL) for Quality of life. Results: In patient group, kinesiophobia rate was statistically significantly higher (68%) compared tothe healthy control subjects (27%) (p0.05). Conclusion: Kinesiophobia is more common in patients who had AS than in healthy control subjects, and presence of kinesophobia is related toimpaired quality of life and increased pain. Therefore, we propose that strategies to increase awareness of movement fear, cognitive behavioral therapy and physical activity should be involved in the treatment programs
The protective effects of chrysin on cadmium-induced pulmonary toxicity; a multi-biomarker approach
No full textThis study aimed to determine the potential protective effects of chrysin (CHR) on experimental cadmium (Cd)-induced lung toxicity in rats. To this end, rats were divided into five groups; Control, CHR, Cd, Cd + CHR25, Cd + CHR50. In the study, rats were treated with CHR (oral gavage, 25 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg) 30 min after giving Cd (oral gavage, 25 mg/kg) for 7 consecutive days. The effects of Cd and CHR treatments on oxidative stress, inflammatory response, ER stress, apoptosis and tissue damage in rat lung tissues were determined by biochemical and histological methods. Our results revealed that CHR therapy for Cd-administered rats could significantly reduce MDA levels in lung tissue while significantly increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, GPx) and GSH levels. CHR agent exerted antiinflammatory effect by lowering elevated levels of NF-κB, IL-1β IL-6, TNF-α, RAGE and NRLP3 in Cd-induced lung tissue. Moreover CHR down-regulated Cd-induced ER stress markers (PERK, IRE1, ATF6, CHOP, and GRP78) and apoptosis markers (Caspase-3, Bax) lung tissue. CHR up-regulated the Bcl-2 gene, an anti-apoptotic marker. Besides, CHR attenuated the side effects caused by Cd by modulating histopathological changes such as hemorrhage, inflammatory cell infiltration, thickening of the alveolar wall and collagen increase. Immunohistochemically, NF-κB and Caspase-3 expressions were intense in the Cd group, while these expressions were decreased in the Cd + CHR groups. These results suggest that CHR exhibits protective effects against Cd-induced lung toxicity in rats by ameliorating oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, endoplasmic reticulum stress and histological changes
A New Species of Oligoglena Horváth, 1912 (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) from Mediterranean Region of Turkey
Full text linkOligoglena sirintaylan sp. n. is defined from Saklikent in Mediterranean Turkey, which are part of the Taurus Mountains. Taurus Mountains are known for their high diversity and endemism rate of both plants and animals. The new species has a characteristic morphology and is distinguished from all other species of the genus Oligoglena Horvath also by its behavioural character. It prefers the subalpine zone and lives in gramineous vegetation.Oligoglena sirintaylan sp. n. is defined from Saklikent in Mediterranean Turkey, which are part of the Taurus Mountains. Taurus Mountains are known for their high diversity and endemism rate of both plants and animals. The new species has a characteristic morphology and is distinguished from all other species of the genus Oligoglena Horvath also by its behavioural character. It prefers the subalpine zone and lives in gramineous vegetation
The impact of COVID-19 anxiety on eating disorders in medical and Master’s students
No full textSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2 virus) first appeared in China with rapidly progressing pneumonia of unknown cause. Our goal was to investigate the relationship between COVID-19 anxiety and eating disorders among front-line physicians during the COVID-19 pandemic. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: This study is observational, prospective and analytical. The study population age range is from 18 to 65 years and includes healthcare professionals with a Master’s degree or higher or subjects who have completed their education. We administered the Demographic Data Form, the Eating Disorder Rating Scale (EDRS), and the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS) to “Health professionals with a Master’s degree or higher education, or who are receiving or have received Medical Specialization Training” across Turkey. RESULTS: The study initially included 312 people in total, but 19 were excluded (9 due to a pre-existing eating disorder, 2 for pregnancy, 2 for colitis, 4 for Diabetes Mellitus, 1 for depression, 1 with generalized anxiety disorder – GAD), leaving 293 subjects (82 men and 211 women). Assistant doctor was the highest status in the study group (56%), while specialization Training was the highest level of training (60.1%). CONCLUSIONS: We presented a detailed account of effects of scales and parameters related to the COVID-19 process on eating disorders and weight change in a specific population. These effects show both anxiety scores related to COVID-19 and eating disorders on various aspects and identify various variables influencing these scales in the main groups and subgroups
The impact of wheat straw and alfalfa additives on quality and in vitro digestibility of pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo) waste silage
Full text linkSeed pumpkin waste is a significant portion of the vast quantities of vegetable waste generated annually, which has the potential to be used as feed for livestock. The disposal of pumpkin waste, which is unsuitable for human consumption, has the potential to reduce conflict between humans and cattle for agricultural land. This study examined the quality, aerobic stability, and in vitro organic matter digestion of silage generated by combining seed pumpkin waste with wheat straw and alfalfa in varying proportions. Methods: The consisted of seven different mixtures of pumpkin seed waste with wheat straw and alfalfa. The mixtures were, control (100% pumpkin), P85S15 (85% pumpkin, 15% wheat straw), P80S20 (80% pumpkin, 20% wheat straw), P75S25 (75% pumpkin, 25% wheat straw), P70S15A15 (70% pumpkin, 15% wheat straw, 15% alfalfa), P60S20A20 (60% pumpkin, 20% wheat straw, 20% alfalfa), and P50S25A25 (50% pumpkin, 25% wheat straw, 25% alfalfa). These mixtures were compressed into 1.5-liter glass jars and then ensiled. The silages were opened after a fermentation period of 60 days. The pH, ammonia nitrogen and volatile fatty acids were determined after the fermentation period. Result: The pH values of the silage mixtures varied between 3.57 and 4.19. Aerobic stability values (CO2 formation) increased with the addition of straw and alfalfa. Fleig score calculations were ranked as ‘good’ and ‘very good’. Conclusion: It is concluded that pumpkin waste, which has high moisture content, can be used as a source of roughage in animal feeding when the silage is made with the additives of wheat straw and alfalfa. The use of pumpkins as silage is of great significance in Turkey, as it serves to reduce environmental pollution and offers an alternative source of ruminant roughage. This may be achieved by making a silage mixture that incorporates pumpkins, wheat straw, and alfalfa
Exploitation of selected plant extracts as bio-control against fungal contaminants in animal feed
Full text linkPakistan is among the top agricultural countries around the globe, but mycotoxin contamination causes a major commercial loss every year. The present study aimed to isolate the fungi and their mycotoxins present in contaminated feed of animals in the local market of Peshawar. Methodology: The antifungal activity of certain plant extracts was to be tested against pathogenic fungi. TLC method was used for mycotoxin analysis and it was found that Aflatoxin G1, G2, B1 and B2 were present in different amounts both qualitatively and quantitatively based on samples. Result: This study found the presence of contamination in all the tested feed samples. All ten samples were found positive for Aspergillus flavus. B1 toxin was found in high quantity in all ten samples, while G2 was found in a lower quantity as compared to other toxins such as G1, B1 and B2. The quantity of aflatoxin was from 48.6 to 284.7 ppb in 25 g of samples. In the case of antifungal potency, all plant extracts showed important antifungal potency against tested fungi. The MIC and MFC values noted ranged from 110 to 300 mg/ml and 100–300 mg/ml respectively. Citrus aurantium and Myrtus communis were absorbed to have antifungal potency against all test fungi. Citrus aurantium extracts were also found to inhibit the growth of Aspergillus flavus. Conclusion: According to the results of the present research, a variety of fungal strains and aflatoxins were present in animal feed in numerous parts of Peshawar, Pakistan and different plant extracts can be used in animal feed to reduce this type of contamination
Su Kuyularının Mevsimsel Seviye Değişimi ve Aşırı Çekim
Full text linkIn the simplest terms an overdraft, can be expressed as a condition in which the water withdrawn from an underground water aquifer by pumping exceeds the amount that recharges the aquifer via deep percolation. Groundwater aquifers are fed by infiltration from precipitation, surface water bodies, such as rivers and lakes when they are hydraulically connected, and return flows from agricultural and urban uses. Groundwater overdraft is an unsustainable use of limited water resources. Less surface water availability due to rising temperatures and lack of precipitation, and pollution of aquifers are among reasons for excessive groundwater overdraft. In addition to such negative factors, uncontrolled agricultural irrigation also increases the effect of overdraft. For such reasons, it is important to protect the waters with the understanding of sustainable management. In this study, seasonal water heights in observation wells operated at the same water elevation in two different resorts located on the borders of the Uluova basin were examined and water level changes were examined. The periodic (seasonal) water heights of the observation wells in 2011 and 2018 were studied. The effect of overdraft was pointed out through the height changes in the observation wells.En basit ifadeyle aşırı çekim, bir yeraltı suyu akiferinden pompajla çekilen suyun, derin süzülme yoluyla akiferi yeniden dolduran miktarı aşması durumu olarak ifade edilebilir. Yeraltı suyu akiferleri, hidrolik olarak bağlı olduklarında nehirler ve göller gibi yüzeysel su kütleleri ve tarımsal ve kentsel kullanımlardan kaynaklanan geri dönüş akışları ile yağıştan sızma ile beslenir. Yeraltı suyu fazla çekimi, sınırlı su kaynaklarının sürdürülemez bir kullanımıdır. Artan sıcaklıklar ve yağış eksikliği nedeniyle daha az yüzey suyu mevcudiyeti ve akiferlerin kirlenmesi, aşırı yeraltı suyu aşırı çekiminin nedenleri arasındadır. Bu tür olumsuz faktörlerin yanı sıra kontrolsüz tarımsal sulama da aşırı çekimin etkisini artırmaktadır. Bu gibi nedenlerle suların sürdürülebilir yönetim anlayışı ile korunması önemlidir. Bu çalışmada Uluova havzası sınırlarında yer alan iki farklı beldede aynı su kotunda işletilen gözlem kuyularındaki mevsimsel su yükseklikleri incelenmiş ve su seviyesi değişimleri incelenmiştir. 2011 ve 2018 yıllarında gözlem kuyularının periyodik (mevsimsel) su yükseklikleri incelenmiştir. Gözlem kuyularındaki yükseklik değişiklikleri ile aşırı çekim etkisine dikkat çekilmiştir
Synthesis and Anticancer Activity of Novel Derivatives of α,β-Unsaturated Ketones Based on Oleanolic Acid: in Vitro and in Silico Studies against Prostate Cancer Cells
No full textHerein, new derivatives of α,β-unsaturated ketones based on oleanolic acid (4 a–i) were designed, synthesized, characterized, and tested against human prostate cancer (PC3). According to the in vitro cytotoxic study, title compounds (4 a–i) showed significantly lower toxicity toward healthy cells (HUVEC) in comparison with the reference drug doxorubicin. The compounds with the lowest IC50 values on PC3 cell lines were 4 b (7.785 μM), 4 c (8.869 μM), and 4 e (8.765 μM). The results of the ADME calculations showed that the drug-likeness parameters were within the defined ranges according to Lipinski's and Jorgensen's rules. For the most potent compounds 4 b, 4 c, and 4 e, a molecular docking analysis using the induced fit docking (IFD) protocol was performed against three protein targets (PARP, PI3K, and mTOR). Based on the IFD scores, compound 4 b had the highest calculated affinity for PARP1, while compound 4 c had higher affinities for mTOR and PI3K. The MM-GBSA calculations showed that the most potent compounds had high binding affinities and formed stable complexes with the protein targets. Finally, a 50 ns molecular dynamics simulation was performed to study the behavior of protein target complexes under in silico physiological conditions
Determining the most accurate machine learning algorithms for medical diagnosis using the monk’ problems database and statistical measurements
No full textComputer-aided diagnosis process in the field of health, especially cancer diagnosis, is of vital importance. Computer-aided diagnosis helps specialist physicians to make the most accurate diagnosis. According to research studies, it has been stated that the number of wrong or late diagnosis increases with each passing year and ultimately causes the death of people living in many parts of the world. For this reason, some calculations must be made to determine the most accurate one in the algorithm to be used to make the correct diagnosis. In this study, three different database Monk’ problems were used to determine the most accurate algorithm for medical diagnosis. Monk’ problems are used as one of the several classification problems used to create an important comparative study. Train and test operations were performed using five different Machine Learning Algorithms (MLAs) (k Nearest Neighbor (k-NN), Decision Tree Algorithm (DT), Random Forest Algorithm (RF), Naive Bayes algorithm (NB), Support Vector Cases (SVM)). These machine learning algorithms are compared statistically in terms of performance. Two different databases in the medical field were used to test the results (Breast Cancer Coimbra Data Set, Diabetic Retinopathy Debrecen Data Set). In the test processes in the experimental studies, the highest accuracy rate was obtained from the k-NN, DT, RF, NB, SVM algorithms, respectively; 0.9758, 1, 1, 0.9180, 0.9344. The best performance was obtained from RF MLA for 1. dataset, DT MLA for 2. dataset, highest accuracy rates from k-NN and RF MLAs in 3. dataset