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DEVLET VE YEREL İKTİDAR ÖRNEĞİNDE HAKKARİ HÜKÜMETİ
No full textOsmanlı Devleti’nin Safevîlere karşı yaptığı Çaldıran Savaşı sonrasında kurulan Osmanlı-Kürt ittifakının önemli sonuçlarından biri, idari ve siyasi açıdan “yurtluk-ocaklık” ile “hükûmet” gibi daha önce var olan sistemlerin yeniden ortaya çıkmasıdır. Bu yönetim sistemiyle beraber Kürtlerin geleneksel yönetimlerine müdahale edilmeyerek emirliklerin varlıklarının devamı sağlanır ve Osmanlı’nın doğu sınırları güvenlik altına alınır. Osmanlı-İran sınırında bulunan Hakkâri ve çevresi, Çaldıran Savaşı’ndan kısa bir süre sonra Osmanlı hâkimiyetine alınır ve Van Beylerbeyine bağlı hükûmet sistemine dâhil edilir. Hükûmet sistemine dâhil edilen Hakkâri ve çevresi, Van Beylerbeyi İskender Paşa aracılığıyla bölgede uzun yıllardan beri hüküm süren Hakkâri hanedanlarından Şenbu’lu Mir Zeynel Bey’e verilir. Şenbu Ailesi’nin yönetimi, Hakkâri mirlerinden Nurullah Bey’in Girit’e sürgün edilmesine kadar devam eder.
Bu çalışmanın temel dayanağını Cumhurbaşkanlığı Devlet Arşiv Belgeleri ve Osmanlı-Kürt ilişkilerini konu edinen araştırma eserler oluşturmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, belgelerden ve araştırma eserlerden yola çıkarak; Osmanlı idari yapısı içerisinde yurtluk-ocaklık ve hükûmet sistemi, Osmanlı-Kürt ittifakının bir sonucu olarak yarı-otonom bir idarî sisteme kavuşmuş emirliklerin durumu, emirlik içerisindeki iktidar mücadelesi ve bu sistemin Hakkâri’deki yansımaları büyüteç altına alınacaktır. Ayrıca Tanzimat Fermanıyla ivme kazanan merkezileşme politikalarına karşı yerel güç unsurları olan mirlerin/aşiretlerin tepkileri analiz edilecektir. Bu bağlamda makalede, uzun yıllardan beri bölgede hüküm süren ve kendi kontrolü altındaki coğrafyada başka bir güç unsuru istemeyen mirlerin kolektif bir şekilde oluşturdukları meydan okumalarına değinilecektir
“Aerobik Egzersiz Sırasında Çinko Seviyelerinin Cevabı: Artan Metabolik Stres İle Değişen Oksidan Ve Antioksidan Denge Arasında Özel Bir Bağlantı”
No full textABSTRACT
Aim: It was aimed to evaluate aerobic exercise induced metabolic stress on plasma zinc levels and
its connection with oxidant antioxidant status.
Material and Method: Thirty sedentary male performed a 45 minutes of running exercise at the
work load correspond to lactate threshold reflecting moderate aerobic intensity. Blood samples
were taken before and after exercise. Plasma zinc, malondialdehyde (MDA), total oxidant status
(TOS) and total antioxidant status (TAS) were measured using HPLC and ELISA kits.
Results: Exercise resulted significant decreases in zinc levels which is closely associated with
increased TOS and MDA levels.
Conclusion: Zinc shows great influence on aerobic exercise induced increased metabolic stress as
indicated with significant alteration in TOS, TAS and MDA levels. Thus zinc supplement should
be considered during long period high intensity exercise to support muscle damaged.
Keywords: Exercise, Zinc, Oxidative stress, TAS, TOS
ÖZET
Amaç: Aerobik egzersize bağlı metabolik stresin plazma çinko düzeyleri ve oksidan antioksidan
durumu ile ilişkisinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlandı.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Otuz sedanter erkek, orta derecede aerobik yoğunluğu yansıtan laktat eşiğine
karşılık gelen iş yükünde 45 dakikalık koşu egzersizi yaptı. Egzersiz öncesi ve sonrası kan
örnekleri alındı. Plazma çinko, malondialdehit (MDA), toplam oksidan durumu (TOS) ve toplam
antioksidan durumu (TAS), HPLC ve ELISA kitleri kullanılarak ölçüldü.
Bulgular: Egzersiz, artan TOS ve MDA seviyeleri ile yakından ilişkili olan çinko seviyelerinde
önemli düşüşlere neden oldu.
Sonuç: Çinko, TOS, TAS ve MDA düzeylerinde önemli değişiklik ile belirtildiği gibi, aerobik
egzersizin neden olduğu artan metabolik stres üzerinde büyük bir etki göstermektedir. Bu nedenle,
uzun süreli yüksek yoğunluklu egzersiz sırasında hasarlı kasları desteklemek için çinko takviyesi
düşünülmelidir
Akademisyenlerin Teknostres Kaynaklarının ve Teknostres Seviyelerinin Belirlenmesi
No full textBu araştırma akademisyenlerin teknostres kaynakları ve teknostres sevilerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın evrenini 2022 yılı Mart-Mayıs aylarında Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesinde görev yapan 543 akademisyenler oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın örneklemini ise kolayda örneklem yöntemiyle ulaşılan 285 akademisyen oluşturmaktadır. Online anketlerle elde edilen veriler SPSS 23 programı kullanılarak test edilmiştir. Yapılan testler korelasyon, frekans analizi, ANOVA, bağımsız gruplar t testidir. Teknostres kaynakları olarak ev-iş yükü, negatif duygular ve gerginlik boyutlarının oluştuğu görülmüştür. Teknostres kaynakları ve tekmostres seviyeleri seviyeleri hakkında geliştirilen hipotezlerden teknostres kaynakları ve teknostres seviyeleri, gerginlik, ev-iş karmaşası ve negatif duygular ile teknostres seviyesi, teknolojik iş yükü ve teknolojik karmaşıklık arasında pozitif yönlü anlamlı ilişki olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca teknostres alt boyutu olan teknolojik belirsizlik ile diğer değişkenler arasında anlamlı ilişkiye rastlanmamıştır. Yapılan regresyon analizi sonucunda, gerginlik teknolojik iş yükünü olumlu ve anlamlı olarak yordamaktadır, negatif duygular teknolojik iş yükünü olumlu ve anlamlı olarak yordamaktadır. Analiz sonucuna göre teknostres kaynağı alt boyutu olan ev-iş karmaşasının teknolojik iş yükünü açıklamadığı görülmektedir
Investigation of the effect of comorbid psychopathologies on glycemic control in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus
Get PDFObjective: The presence of comorbid psychiatric conditions in chronic diseases makes the management of the disease difficult. Our study, we aimed to examine the relationship between psychiatric comorbid conditions and glycemic control in children and adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes. Method: In our study, depending on the number of patients, good and moderate controls were evaluated as a single group, and HbA1c levels of 8.5 and below were included in this group. Children for Depression Inventory (CDI), Screen for Child Anxiety-Related Emotional Disorders (SCARED), Turgay Child and Adolescent Behavioral Disorders Based on DSM-IV Screening and Evaluation Scale were applied. The case and parents were evaluated with K-SADS-PL.Among 778 diabetic patients who were followed up in the pediatric endocrinology clinic, 73 cases between the ages of 8 and 17 who were followed up regularly, who did not have any comorbidities and who accepted to participate in the study were evaluated psychiatrically. Results: Of the 73 cases included in the study, 29 were accepted as the patients with good glycemic control (HbA1c 8.5mg / dl). In cases with poor glycemic control, parents' education level and income level were significantly lower, while the rate of attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder, major depressive disorder, social anxiety disorder and psychopathology was significantly higher. Discussion: The findings of this study revealed that there are many factors affecting glycemic control and there is a strong relationship between glycemic control and psychopathologies
Green Synthesis, Characterization of Gold Nanomaterials using Gundelia tournefortii Leaf Extract, and Determination of Their Nanomedicinal (Antibacterial, Antifungal, and Cytotoxic) Potential
Get PDFIntroduction. Fighting against cancer and antibiotic resistance are important challenges of healthcare systems, and developing new treatment methods has become the most concentrated area of researchers. Method and Materials. Green synthesis, characterization, and some biological activities of gold nanomaterials (AuNPs) obtained with Gundelia tournefortii (kenger) leaf extract were investigated in this study. Fourier scanning electron microscope, UV-visible spectrophotometer, Fourier transform ınfrared spectroscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectrophotometer, X-ray diffraction diffractometer, transmission electron microscope, and Zetasizer instrument data were used to elucidate the structures of nanoparticles. Results. The maximum surface plasmon resonance was observed at 532.15 nm after 1 hour. With the powder XRD model, the mean cubic crystallite size was determined as 23.53 nm. It was observed that the shapes of the obtained AuNPs were spherical, and the dimensions were 5-40 nm and hexagonal. Surface charges (-27 mV) and average size (365.3 nm) of gold nanoparticles were measured with a zeta analyzer. Conclusion. The suppressive effects of AuNPs on the growth of pathogenic microorganisms and healthy and cancer cell lines were determined using the MIC and MTT methods, respectively
Effect of Different Harvest Dates to Essential Oil Components of Oil-Bearing Rose (Rosa damascena Mill.) in Mardin
No full textRosa damascena Mill. is the most prominent rose source for the manufacturing of rose oil, rose
water, concrete, and absolute from flower petals. The purpose of this study was to see how different harvest
dates affected the essential oil components and rates obtained from flowers in oil rose planted for the first time
in Turkey's Mardin Province. Blossoms were taken five times with three replications, at around one-week
intervals, from a garden in the Yaylabaşı district at 6:00 a.m. (4, 11, 18, 24, and 31 May). Animal manure
and leonardite were used instead of chemical fertilizers for plants. No chemical pesticides have been applied.
Essential oil components of the oils obtained by a water distillation system (Clevenger apparatus) were
determined by GC/MS. The citronellol ratio, which is the most important component for the quality of the
essential oil in the plant, was found to be highest (35.90%) in the first harvest period and lowest in the last
harvest period (17.57%). Geraniol levels decreased in the first three harvests, with the greatest level (27.16%)
coming in the last harvest. The percentages of citronellol/geraniol varied between 1.51 and 0.65 depending on
the different harvest dates. Nerol rates peaked at 15.44% on the first harvest, progressively declined until the
fourth harvest (7.92%), then slightly increased on the fifth harvest. Nonadecane continuously increased from
the first to the last harvest (4.10%-11.66%). No methyl eugenol was detected. Mardin is a promising location
for oil-bearing rose cultivation, given the essential oil components and their ratios
Common Animals for Elite Humans: the Late Ottoman Fauna from Mardin Fortress, Southeastern Anatolia (Turkey)
No full textThis paper presents the frst investigation of animal remains unearthed from the Late
Ottoman occupation at Mardin fortress, a military stronghold in Anatolian–Syrian
frontier under Ottoman rule. The analysis produced 4234 specimens and carried
out taxonomic identifcation, species diversity, kill-of patterns, and nature of bone
modifcation, including those of taphonomic and cultural marks. Being the frst zooarchaeological study of an Ottoman occupation in southeastern Anatolia, the results add vital information to the paucity of archaeological knowledge of life and dietary habits of regional Ottoman elite soldiers, and ofer a glimpse into the local pastoralism and wildlife of that time
Basic Red 18 and Remazol Brilliant Blue R biosorption using Russula brevipes, Agaricus augustus, Fomes fomentarius
Get PDFIn this study, the adsorption abilities of Russula brevipes (RB), Agaricus augustus (AA), and Fomes fomentarius (FF) were evaluated in Basic Red 18 (BR18) and Remazol Brilliant Blue R (RBBR) biosorption from textile effluent. The adsorbents were characterized via Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive Spectrometer (SEM-EDS), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT/IR). Fomes fomentarius presented a low sorption capacity contrary to the two other fungi (RB and AA). RB and AA were selected as potential adsorbents for BR18 and RBBR, respectively. The maximum BR18 removal efficiencies for 10, 25, and 50 mg/L were obtained after 60 min to be 90, 88, and 86%, respectively. The RBBR adsorption efficiencies were 96.4, 96, and 90% for dye concentrations of 10, 25, and 50 mg/L. The adsorption of BR18 onto the RB biomass followed the Freundlich isotherm, while Langmuir is the best isotherm for RBBR sorption’s elucidation onto AA fungus biomass. The removal of BR18 by BR biomass was found to follow the pseudo-second order. In contrast, the adsorption of RBBR onto the AA biomass followed Lagergren’s pseudo-first order. For both adsorbents, the adsorption was exothermic, feasible, and spontaneous in nature. Finally, the dyes’ biosorption process was perfectly achieved onto fungi biomass via physisorptio
The characterization of phenolic compounds via LC-ESI-MS/MS, antioxidant, enzyme inhibitory activities of Salvia absconditiflora, Salvia sclarea, and Salvia palaestina: A comparative analysis
No full textAbstract
Salvia L. genus, one of the medicinal and aromatic plants belonging to the Lamiaceae family, is represented by many endemic species in temperate regions worldwide. The Salvia species have plenty of usages in traditional medicine, important pharmacological effects and economic value. In this context, this study was conducted to evaluate the chemical profile and potential bioactivity of ethyl acetate extracts from 3 different Salvia species; Salvia absconditiflora (Salvia cryptantha- an endemic species), S. sclarea and S. palaestina collected from different localities in Anatolia. Total phenolic-flavonoid contents, antioxidant properties and enzyme inhibition experiments were investigated in tested Salvia species. The phenolic profiles were also determined by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). The analysis revealed the presence of phenolic compounds in ethyl acetate extracts such as cynaroside, rosmarinic acid, cosmosiin, luteolin, apigenin and acacetin. The highest level of phenolic components was detected in S. absconditiflora with 74.16 mg GAE/g. The best radical scavenging and reducing abilities were found in S. absconditiflora (DPPH: 251.39 mg TE/g; ABTS: 340.16 mg TE/g; CUPRAC: 496.20 mg TE/g; FRAP: 322.94 mg TE/g). Moreover, the inhibition of AChE, BChE, and α-amylase has also been studied. The most potent AChE inhibitory ability was recorded in S. sclarea (4.00 mg GALAE/g), followed by S. palaestina (3.38 mg GALAE/g) and S. absconditiflora (3.01 mg GALAE/g). The extracts exhibited similar amylase inhibitory effects. These results reveal that Salvia species [S. absconditiflora (S. cryptantha), S. sclarea and S. palaestina] confirming their potential can be rich sources of promising bioactive compounds as a starting point for further analysis. In addition, it is thought that this study may be the new report for the construction of helpful databases in terms of shedding light on future research and researchers with the valuable information obtained about these economically important Salvia species
The two-way perspective of tourism undergraduates towards (post-)viral world: The future of tourism, and vocational development and career
No full textThis timely paper explores the future of tourism and vocational career in the Covid-19 period
from the perspective of undergraduate tourism students. The data were collected through semistructured interviews with 30 students majoring in tourism faculty departments following the
qualitative methodology. The findings demonstrate that vocational development and career
planning in the Covid-19 era and the future of tourism are the main dimensions identifying
students’ perspectives. The vocational and psychological pandemic effects are shaping the future
career decisions of students. Furthermore, the future of tourism includes the elements related to
tourist expectations and behaviours and trends in the (post-)viral tourism