Repositorio Institucional INIA (Inst. Nacional de Innovacion Agraria)
Not a member yet
2843 research outputs found
Sort by
Diversity of Cucurbita moschata Duchesne (loche and cushé) and Cucurbita ficifolia Bouché (chiclayo) in Southern Amazonas, Perú
No full textThe National Institute for Agrarian Innovation (INIA) in Perú, among countless projects, maintains the Peruvian National Cucurbita spp. germplasm bank representing the remarkable Cucurbita spp. diversity in Perú. Prior to this project, the INIA Cucurbita collection covered much of the southern Perú Cucurbita spp. diversity but was lacking Cucurbita spp. samples from northern Perú. Therefore, the Fulbright Program funded this project to investigate and inventory the disappearing diversity of Cucurbita moschata and Cucurbita ficifolia in the Department of Amazonas, Perú. The collection focused on three landraces that belong to two different species (Table 1). The two C. moschata landraces are known in the Amazonas region as loche and cushé, whilst the C. ficifolia landrace is commonly known as chiclayo. Loche has a higher economic value and culinary influence, whilst cushé has a greater phenotypic diversity but is farmed on a smaller scale. All three, loche, cushé and chiclayo, show different physical, culinary, cultural, and geographic adaptations. The objectives of this project included:(a) collecting C. moschata and C. ficifolia samples from different districts in the Department of Amazonas, Perú for seed saving,(b) taking morphological data and photos of each collected sample for analysis, and (c) collecting cultural, historical, and culinary information
Diagnóstico sobre la Gestión de I+D+i en el INIA, basado en UNE 166002 / ISO 56002
No full textPresentación del "Diagnóstico sobre la Gestión de I+D+i en el INIA, basado en UNE 166002 / ISO 56002” como parte de hito de cumplimiento de cierre del año 2023 dentro de las actividades programas del proyecto "Fortalecimiento de las capacidades profesionales, instrumentos y actividades de gestión institucional mediante la conformación de un Comité de Gestión de I+D+i en el Instituto Nacional de Innovación Agraria (INIA)" con código PE501081267-2022-PROCIENCIA financiado por Prociencia
Implementing cloud computing for the digital mapping of agricultural soil properties from high resolution UAV multispectral imagery
No full textThe spatial heterogeneity of soil properties has a significant impact on crop growth, making it difficult to adopt site-specific crop management practices. Traditional laboratory-based analyses are costly, and data extrapolation for mapping soil properties using high-resolution imagery becomes a computationally expensive procedure, taking days or weeks to obtain accurate results using a desktop workstation. To overcome these challenges, cloud-based solutions such as Google Earth Engine (GEE) have been used to analyze complex data with machine learning algorithms. In this study, we explored the feasibility of designing and implementing a digital soil mapping approach in the GEE platform using high-resolution reflectance imagery derived from a thermal infrared and multispectral camera Altum (MicaSense, Seattle, WA, USA). We compared a suite of multispectral-derived soil and vegetation indices with in situ measurements of physical-chemical soil properties in agricultural lands in the Peruvian Mantaro Valley. The prediction ability of several machine learning algorithms (CART, XGBoost, and Random Forest) was evaluated using R2, to select the best predicted maps (R2 > 0.80), for ten soil properties, including Lime, Clay, Sand, N, P, K, OM, Al, EC, and pH, using multispectral imagery and derived products such as spectral indices and a digital surface model (DSM). Our results indicate that the predictions based on spectral indices, most notably, SRI, GNDWI, NDWI, and ExG, in combination with CART and RF algorithms are superior to those based on individual spectral bands. Additionally, the DSM improves the model prediction accuracy, especially for K and Al. We demonstrate that high-resolution multispectral imagery processed in the GEE platform has the potential to develop soil properties prediction models essential in establishing adaptive soil monitoring programs for agricultural regions
Guía práctica para la producción de Vermicompost (humus)
No full textLa guía práctica para la producción de vermicompost (humus), difunde el proceso de descomposición aeróbica en presencia de oxígeno similar al compostaje, en que el material orgánico, además de ser degradado por los microorganismos (bacterias, hongos, actinomicetos, levaduras, etc.) existentes en el medio natural, también es descompuesto por el complejo sistema digestivo de las lombrices. El resultado final son tres productos de alta calidad: el vermicompost (humus), el lixiviado y las lombrices. El vermicompostaje, se diferencia de la lombricultura, porque este no busca incrementar la cantidad de lombrices, dándole mayor interés a la obtención de vermicompost y lixiviados. El uso del vermicompost es importante porque representa una alternativa para recuperar y mejorar la fertilidad de los suelos
Reporte de Investigadores del INIA en RENACYT del 01 al 31 de Diciembre 2023
No full textEn este reporte de investigadores del INIA en RENACYT se observa que al finalizar el mes de diciembre se cuenta con un total de 62 investigadores, divididas en 59 afiliados y 03 no afiliados. El objetivo de este reporte es mantener actualizados los datos sobre los investigadores del INIA en el RENACYT
Digital mapping tool: a territorial approach for containment of Fusarium wilt TR4 in Peru
No full textFusarium wilt caused by the tropical race 4 (TR4) of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense is known as the most serious and devastating banana disease. In April 2021 the presence of TR4 was detected on a plot in Chocán, in the district of Querecotillo in the Chira Valley, Peru. Organic banana cultivation for export is located in this valley, between Sullana and Piura, in Morropón and Lambayeque; altogether, 10,000 ha. There are two dozen mid-sized banana farms; but the export sector is mainly made up of approximately 9,000 small producers, with average plot sizes of 0.5-1.0 ha, organized in around 35 producer associations and cooperatives. To a great extent, the banana sector depends on flood irrigation. Harvesting is done by dozens of harvesting teams, who cut and carry banana bunches on their shoulder to one of the hundreds small packing stations, walking their shortest way through the banana plots. The export banana sector in Peru is small and young, with only an incipient institutional development and leadership. Typical biosecurity protocols to prevent entrance of the fungus are designed for farms; and need ‘re-invention’ for the highly fragmented context of Peru. All these characteristics make the sector extremely vulnerable to further spreading of TR4. Between April 2021 and June 2022, 82 TR4 outbreaks were detected by the phytosanitary agency SENASA in the districts of Querecotillo, Salitral and Marcavelica. Together with the data processing company Opus Insights, and in a broad alliance with other companies and institutions, the importer of Fairtrade and organic banana AgroFair started a project to carry out detailed aerial mapping, as tool for implementation of risk analysis and biosecurity measures with a territorial approach. The digital maps were completed in July 2022. We will examine the first practical experiences with this tool, formulate recommendations and indicate institutional conditions favorable to develop strategies for coping with TR4
Resolución Ministerial N° 0279-2023-MIDAGRI
No full textReconocer la Zona de Agrobiodiversidad denominada "COTAHUASI" ubicada en los distritos de Tomepampa, Toro, Cotahuasi, Alca, Puyca, Pampamarca, Charcana y Huaynacotas de la provincia de La Unión y en el distrito de Salamanco de la provincia de Condesuyos del departamento de Arequipa y en el distrito de Oyolo de la provincia de Paucar del Sara Sara del departamento de Ayacucho, con una extensión de 45,766.1945 has. Zona con una importante diversidad genética. mayormente de raíces y tuberosas andinas, cereales, leguminosas, granos andinos y plantas medicinales, entre otros cultivos como tumbo, tintin y tuna
Rye production under acid soils and drought conditions: an alternative for the sustainability of high Andean livestock farming in Peru
Get PDFThe rye (Secale cereale L.) crop shows a high potential to contribute to the sustainability of high Andean livestock because it supports the agroclimatic conditions and acid soils in the Peruvian Andes. The production of green forage, hay, and grain from the rye crop in acid soils was studied with the use of different levels of phosphorus and potassium fertilization in four local rye ecotypes (CBI-001, CSM-001, CJS-001, and CCE-001). The green forage yield (GFY) ranged from 32.35 to 53.62 t ha−1, dry matter from 6.05 to 8.56 t ha−1, and hay from 7.0 to 10.36 t ha−1; nutritional levels ranged from 9.02% to 13.56% protein and 6.50% to 7.75% ash levels, mainly with differences between ecotypes (p 0.05). Also, CBI-001 and CCE-001 were superior with 1868.4 and 1797.8 kg ha−1 of grain, respectively (p = 0.0072); the use of 60 kg ha of nitrogen, 120 kg ha−1 of P2O5, and 80 kg ha−1 of K2O gave higher grain and residue yields. The high nutritional value and yield of the rye ecotypes studied in acid soil conditions and without irrigation can be an alternative for livestock feeding and grain production in the rainy season in the Andes as a dual-purpose crop
Rye production under acid soils and drought conditions: An alternative for the sustainability of High Andean livestock farming in Peru
Get PDFThe rye (Secale cereale L.) crop shows a high potential to contribute to the sustainability of high Andean livestock because it supports the agroclimatic conditions and acid soils in the Peruvian Andes. The production of green forage, hay, and grain from the rye crop in acid soils was studied with the use of different levels of phosphorus and potassium fertilization in four local rye ecotypes (CBI-001, CSM-001, CJS-001, and CCE-001). The green forage yield (GFY) ranged from 32.35 to 53.62 t ha−1, dry matter from 6.05 to 8.56 t ha−1, and hay from 7.0 to 10.36 t ha−1; nutritional levels ranged from 9.02% to 13.56% protein and 6.50% to 7.75% ash levels, mainly with differences between ecotypes (p 0.05). Also, CBI-001 and CCE-001 were superior with 1868.4 and 1797.8 kg ha−1 of grain, respectively (p = 0.0072); the use of 60 kg ha of nitrogen, 120 kg ha−1 of P2O5, and 80 kg ha−1 of K2O gave higher grain and residue yields. The high nutritional value and yield of the rye ecotypes studied in acid soil conditions and without irrigation can be an alternative for livestock feeding and grain production in the rainy season in the Andes as a dual-purpose crop
Características bovinas y eventos aversivos durante el faenado en un Centro de Beneficio convencional
Get PDFEl objetivo del estudio fue evaluar la influencia de características de bovinos [condición corporal (CC), lesiones prefaenado (LP), estado de preñez (EP) y estado emocional aparente (EEA)], faenados en un centro de beneficio convencional, sobre la frecuencia de eventos aversivos al bienestar animal y calidad cárnica. Se registró el faenado de 99 bovinos, cuantificando los golpes, torceduras de cola, gritos del operario, puntillazos, tiempos de cada etapa, resbalones, caídas, vocalizaciones e intentos de incorporación. Se determinó pH0h, pH1h, pH24h y goteo en el músculo Longissimus dorsi et lumborum. Los datos se analizaron bajo un Diseño Completo al Azar (DCA). Se halló una correlación inversa entre CC y LP (P3,25. Bajo las condiciones del estudio, no se encontraron diferencias en el pH y PG% según CC, LP ni EP; sin embargo, bovinos con EEA tranquilo tuvieron menor PG% que EE nervioso (P<0,05), probablemente, con un estado de mayor excitación y estrés. La calidad cárnica es afectada por EEA, pero es necesario establecer mejoras en las prácticas de manejo e insensibilización en el faenado, con el fin de reducir el tiempo de eventos estresantes