Repositorio Institucional INIA (Inst. Nacional de Innovacion Agraria)
Not a member yet
2843 research outputs found
Sort by
Técnica de propagación de esquejes de caoba (Swietenia macrophylla) en microtúneles de la Amazonía peruana
No full textSwietenia macrophylla is a forest species of great commercial value that is categorized as vulnerable in Peru. Therefore, the objective of this study is to optimize a protocol for cutting propagation of S. macrophylla using microtunnels in the San Martín, Peruvian Amazon. Three experiments were conducted: sterilization, which tested ethyl alcohol (EA), Tween-80 (T), carbendazim (CZ), and combinations; a rooting experiment with different substrates and doses of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA); and an acclimation experiment of rooted cuttings, with different shade coverage and relative humidity conditions. The lowest contamination of S. macrophylla cuttings (9.75%) was achieved with the combined EA-CZ treatment; this treatment resulted in the lowest necrosis (9.1%) and survival of 86.50%. The best responses in rooting, root biomass, and cutting survival were presented by the combination of sterilized sand with 3,000 mg L-¹ of IBA, with averages of 73.89%, 0.036 g, and 2.22 cm, respectively. The best acclimation was obtained under 80% shade and 60% relative humidity, with an average survival rate of 91.67%. The general results were successful; therefore, they could be a valuable tool for the rescue, conservation, and restoration of ecosystems with cloned S. macrophylla trees that are resilient to climate change.C.M. thanks ANID + Convocatoria Nacional Subvención a Instalación en la Academia Convocatoria Año 2021 + Folio No. SA77210019, and Fondecyt Regular Project (Convocatoria 2024) No. 1240186 (ANID, Gobierno de Chile)
Challenges for the achievement of the sustainable development hoals in the South American Andean camelid chain
No full textSouth American camelids, which include species such as alpacas, llamas, vicuñas and guanacos, are fundamental to food security, local economies and cultural preservation; for thousands of years, they have supported the livelihoods of millions of families living in inhospitable areas. Recognizing this, the UN has declared 2024 as the International Year of Camelids. However, the sustainability of this chain is threatened by factors such as climate change, ecosystem degradation, and the socio-economic vulnerability of producer communities. The aim of the chapter is therefore to examine the challenges to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in the South American camelid value chain, specifically in the context of the Andean region. As a result, it identifies strategies implemented to mitigate these effects, including the use of immunomodulators, the development of hutches and thermal waistcoats, and the improvement of water infrastructure. It also emphasizes the need to transfer technology and innovations to strengthen the value chain, ensuring the well-being of communities and the conservation of Andean biodiversity
Soil quality variation associated with land cover in the Peruvian jungle of the Junín region
No full textIn the Junín jungle, inappropriate agricultural management practices for a long time can adversely affect soil quality. This has driven the development of multiple soil quality evaluation methods that are highly demanding in terms of economic and human resources. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of land-use change from natural ecosystems to agricultural systems by determining soil quality in the jungle of the Junin Region. Soil samples were collected between December 2021 and July 2022 in the Chanchamayo and Satipo provinces in the Junín region. Seventy-four samples were determined using stratified sampling, along with the support provided by the stacking of five spatial layers. Physical, chemical, and biological indicators, along with land cover type data from the European Space Agency (ESA) WorldCover product, were determined. A minimum data set (MDS) was established through correlation analysis, from which principal component analysis (PCA) was performed. Finally, the weighted soil quality index (SQIw) was calculated by integrating the most essential variables identified through PCA. It was found that forest cover soils had a higher SQIw than soils with crops and grassland cover. According to PCA, the soil quality variables that contributed the most are potassium (K) content and pH. It was concluded that the jungle soil quality in the Junín region is moderate to low, depending on the coverage. In addition, more significant degradation was observed in grassland-covered areas, particularly in the Chanchamayo province than in the Satipo province.The authors thank the Instituto Nacional de Innovación Agraria (INIA) and Estación Experimental Pichanaki for their support in the development of this study
Sustainable rice–fish farming systems: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
No full textThe rice–fish farming system is an efficient ecological model with economic, ecological, and social benefits, reduces environmental impacts and optimizes the use of resources. The objective of the research was to explore and analyze scientific publications through a systematic review and meta-analysis related to rice–fish intercropping. A review of publications hosted in the Scopus and PubMed database from January 2000 to April 2025 was conducted. Research articles were selected, excluding review articles, com-mentaries, book chapters, and letters, and only documents published in English were analyzed. The analysis shows that the countries with the highest number of publications were China and Bangladesh, with a proportion of 48% and 24% respectively, followed by Thailand with 10% and Pakistan, Indonesia, Malaysia, and India with 5% each. The fish species used in rice–fish systems were reported to be Cyprinus carpio (37%), Oreochromis niloticus (29%), Barbonymus gonionotus, Micropterus salmoides and Pelteobagrus fulvidraco (8%), Amblypharyngodon mola (5%), and Labeo rohita and Monopterus albus (3%). On average, fish settle in the rice–fish system 27 days after rice planting, with a density of 13,390 fish/ha. Between rice planting and harvesting 132 days pass, obtaining an average yield of 4397 kg of rice/ha and 1383 kg of fish/ha. It is recommended to prioritize integrated research on unstudied fish species, optimal densities, fertilization, culture models, and emerging technologies in rice–fish systems, considering regional variations to improve sustainability, productivity, and food security at a global level.This study was financed by the Instituto Nacional de Innovacion Agraria through the investment project identified with CUI 2472675 called: “Improvement of research services and agricultural technology transfer at the Baños del Inca Agricultural Experimental Station in the Town of Los Baños del Inca in the District of Los Baños del Inca, Province of Cajamarca, Department of Cajamarca.
Manejo de cultivos hidropónicos. Hortalizas de hoja
No full textEl presente material de divulgación es sobre "Manejo de cultivos hidropónicos
Effect of protein source and breed on embryo production in donor cows at a high-value genetic centre in Peru
No full textTwo sources of concentrated animal protein at 50 and 60% of the diet of high genetic value cows were evaluated on embryo production in donor cows. Twenty Braunvieh (BU), Brahman (BR), Simmental (SM), Gir (G) and Girolando (GIHO) cows were evaluated for seven months. The SM breed achieved a higher number of corpora lutea, similar to Brahman cows, but no difference was shown between the two protein rations. It was determined that using both protein sources decreases production costs per feeding, with the same results in embryo production. This study emphasizes the great importance of adequate protein nutrition in embryo transfer programs to maximize reproductive efficiency and embryo viability, taking into account the welfare of the animals subjected to these reproductive evaluations, in order to improve productivity in a center for the production and reproduction of material or germplasm of high genetic value
Manual técnico: Interpretación de análisis de suelos, cálculos de encalado y fertilización para los cultivos de café y cacao
No full textEl INIA, a través de la Dirección de Supervisión y Monitoreo en las Estaciones Experimentales (DSME), viene ejecutando el proyecto de inversión “Mejoramiento de los servicios de investigación y transferencia tecnológica en el manejo y recuperación de suelos agrícolas degradados y aguas para riego en la pequeña y mediana agricultura en los departamentos de Lima, Áncash, San Martín, Cajamarca, Lambayeque, Junín, Ayacucho, Arequipa, Puno y Ucayali”, con CUI N° 2487112, el cual tiene entre sus objetivos evaluar alternativas tecnológicas para el manejo de suelos y agua en la producción agrícola.
En este contexto, el manejo adecuado de la fertilidad del suelo es fundamental para garantizar la sostenibilidad de los sistemas agrícolas, por lo que, el documento aborda los conceptos básicos para la interpretación de los resultados del análisis de suelo y la elaboración de planes de fertilización, con un enfoque específico en los cultivos de café y cacao. Estas prácticas no solo buscan optimizar el uso de fertilizantes y enmiendas, sino también reducir el impacto ambiental y mejorar la rentabilidad de los productores. Este manual está dirigido a técnicos, extensionistas, agricultores y todos aquellos actores involucrados en la cadena productiva de café y cacao, con el objetivo de proporcionar herramientas técnicas que contribuyan al desarrollo de una agricultura más sostenible y competitiva en el Perú
Manual de manejo de pastos mejorados en zonas altoandinas
No full textEl Instituto Nacional de Innovación Agraria (INIA) es un organismo técnico especializado adscrito al Ministerio de Desarrollo Agrario y Riego (MIDAGRI), que desarrolla actividades de investigación, transferencia tecnológica, aprovechamiento y conservación de los recursos genéticos y producción de semillas, plantones y reproductores de elevado valor genético.
El INIA, a través de la Dirección de Supervisión y Monitoreo en las Estaciones Experimentales Agrarias (DSME), viene ejecutando el proyecto de inversión “Mejoramiento de los servicios de investigación y transferencia tecnológica en el manejo y recuperación de suelos agrícolas degradados y aguas para riego en la pequeña y mediana agricultura en los departamentos de Lima, Áncash, San Martín, Cajamarca, Lambayeque, Junín, Ayacucho, Arequipa, Puno y Ucayali”, con CUI N° 2487112, el cual tiene como uno de sus objetivos evaluar alternativas tecnológicas para el manejo de suelos y agua en la producción agrícola.
Por consiguiente, el "Manual de manejo de pastos mejorados en zonas altoandinas" ofrece, información detallada y recomendaciones para la gestión del suelo, aplicación de enmiendas, manejo de semillas, instalación de cultivo, cosecha y conservación de los pastos mejorados en la zona altoandina. El presente documento está dirigido a agricultores, técnicos y profesionales del sector agrario y público en general interesados en mejorar la productividad y sostenibilidad de los pastos mejorados.Patrocinado por el Instituto Nacional de Innovación Agraria (INIA), Ministerio de Desarrollo Agropecuario y Riego (MIDAGRI), en el marco del proyecto de inversión nacional CUI N° 2487112
Impact of the Association of Maize with Native Beans on the Morphological Growth, Yield, and Nutritional Composition of Forage Intended for Silage in the Peruvian Amazon
Get PDFScenarios of climate change, extensive land use, soil degradation, the loss of native forest cover due to monoculture expansion, and pasture scarcity pose new challenges to livestock farming worldwide. Associated crops emerge as an alternative to mitigate these factors; however, selecting compatible species that do not generate competition and optimize the attributes of the forage is a necessity. Therefore, this study evaluated the effect of a maize and bean association, and cutting time on the morphological variables, yield, and nutritional composition of forage. A randomized complete block design (RCBD) with a 3A × 3C factorial arrangement and three blocks was used. Factor A (associations) had three levels: INIA-604-Morocho maize monoculture (M), M+PER1003544 chaucha bean association (M+F1), and M+PER1003551 chaucha bean association (M+F2). Factor C (maize cutting stage) had three levels: R2 (blister grain), R3 (milky grain), and R4 (pasty grain). A total of 27 experimental units were established. No silage was made; the nutritional quality was evaluated as the raw material for silage. The treatments modulated key attributes for silage. In R4, the M+F2 association (INIA-604-Morocho + PER1003551) showed a higher percentage of dry matter in the system (32.36%) and better mixture quality due to a lower NDF and ADF (48.22% and 23.29%) and higher digestibility and protein values (62.10% and 9.53%). In addition, dry matter yields increased compared with R2 in M+F1 (134.16%), M+F2 (90.56%), and M (138.48%). Although R3 maximized green forage, R4 offered the best combination of quantity and quality for silage (as raw material), reducing the risk of deterioration and improving forage use efficiency. In general, combining maize with beans and adjusting the cut to R4 optimizes the production and quality of the raw material for silage, with the criterion that these findings pertain to pre-ensiled material and should be validated in future studies
Cronometría dentaria en caprinos
Get PDFLa cronometría dentaria o “boqueo” es una técnica que consiste en determinar la edad de los animales por la cantidad de dientes incisivos permanentes en su arco dental inferior. Mediante esta técnica, se puede asignar una edad aproximada a los animales, si es que no se tiene la información de la fecha de nacimiento