Institutt for samfunnsforskning - Vitenarkiv
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Mellom organisering, politikk og forvaltning : en studie av nasjonale paraplyorganisasjoner i Norge
Get PDFDenne rapporten undersøker utviklingen i nasjonale paraplyorganisasjoner i Norge og endringer i deres samfunnsrolle basert på organisasjonsdata og intervjuer med nøkkelinformanter i et utvalg paraplyorganisasjoner. Gjennom analyser av dette materialet ses det på paraplyorganisasjoners betydning for kompetanse- og organisasjonsutvikling i frivillig sektor, deltagelse og innflytelse i utforming av offentlig politikk og engasjement i forvaltningen av statlige tilskudd.publishedVersio
Trade unions and the politics of occupational pensions in Denmark and Norway
Get PDFAround 1990, trade unions in both Norway and Denmark moved away from their previous hostile stance, and started actively to promote occupational pensions. Over time, full coverage of occupational pensions was achieved in both countries, yet with different scopes, degrees of risk-sharing and modes of governance. Why did both countries go through similar institutional changes, and why were the outcomes still so different? The roads to full coverage were different: In Denmark, this was achieved through wage bargaining; in Norway, through mandating. Denmark developed far more collectivistic schemes than Norway, but recent developments indicate convergence: efforts are being made in Norway to develop encompassing schemes more similar to the Danish ones, while the Danish system appears to be moving in a more individual direction. In both countries, strong trade union branches have at critical junctures forged alliances with their employer counterparts at the expense of trade union solidarity. Both mandatory and negotiated schemes thus have the potential to be sources of solidarity as well as of self-interest within the union movement.Trade unions and the politics of occupational pensions in Denmark and NorwayacceptedVersio
Closing the gender gap in pensions: A microsimulation analysis of the Norwegian NDC pension system
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Certified Equality: The Icelandic Equal Pay Standard
No full textI 2018 introduserte Island en lovpålagt sertifiseringsprosess for bedrifter og institusjoner med over 25 ansatte, som gjennom denne må bevise at de lønner menn og kvinner likt for samme jobb. Denne innovative mekanismen forflytter bevisbyrden fra ansatt til arbeidsgiver og tvinger bedrifter til å utvikle et mer gjennomsiktig system for måten de verdsetter ulike jobber på. Hensikten med sertifiseringsprosessen er å tette det relativt lille, men vedvarende lønnsgapet mellom kjønnene. Med utgangspunkt i kvalitative dybdeintervjuer med statlige nøkkelinformanter, arbeidslivsparter og HR-ledere på Island tar denne rapporten en første kikk på hvordan likelønnsstandarden ble etablert, og hvordan den fungerer i praksis. Funn viser at den islandske likelønnsstandarden flytter fokus fra individuelle forklaringer på hvorfor kvinner tjener mindre enn menn, til heller å etablere et støttende institusjonelt miljø for likelønn mellom kjønn på bedriftsnivå. «Støttende» betyr her generell offentlig støtte, men også et gjennomsiktig miljø hvor tilfeller av ulikhet vanskelig kan forbli ukjent eller skjult.publishedVersio
Moderation or radicalisation? How executive power affects right-wing populists’ satisfaction with democracy
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Personvalg ved stortingsvalg: Konsekvenser av ulike valgordninger. (Vedlegg til NOU 2020:6)
No full textNotatet er tatt inn som vedlegg til NOU 2020:6 "Frie og hemmelige valg : ny valglov", side 454 - 465.
https://www.regjeringen.no/contentassets/0516829ddd434b86880c80e9ceec0281/no/pdfs/nou202020200006000dddpdfs.pdfpublishedVersio
Ethnicity as skill: Immigrant employment hierarchies in Norwegian low-wage labour markets
Get PDFImmigrants are often concentrated in particular, often low-waged, segments of the labour market and employers tend to assume that immigrants posit (soft) skills which make them particularly suited for specific tasks. Less scholarly attention has been given to the real and perceived content of these skills and how employers may shift their view over time. We contribute to the literature by examining changing ethnic employment hierarchies in two immigrant-intensive labour markets in Norway. Drawing on qualitative data from the hotel and fish processing industries, we describe, first, how different ethnic groups are allocated into specific jobs forming a clear hierarchy in the eyes of employers, and, second, how employers’ preferences for particular groups change as new immigrants enter the labour market. Theoretically, we develop the concept of ‘ethnicity as skill’, which points to the tendency among employers to equate ethnic group membership with a set of informal qualifications.publishedVersio
Immigrant Concentration and Student Outcomes in Upper Secondary Schools: Norwegian Evidence
Get PDFWe analyse the effects of immigrant concentration on two measures of native students’ outcomes in upper secondary schools in Norway, completion and exam grades. Administrative data for full cohorts of new students 2002-2008 are employed. To take into account potential selection effects, we rely mainly on models with fixed school and educational programme effects. The analyses present a consistent picture: Immigrant concentration seems to have no effect on either school completion or grades. Sensitivity analyses provide further evidence that these results hold across subsamples and when various methodological problems are addressed. Our results do not lend support to policies aimed to redistribute immigrants’ students more evenly across schools.acceptedVersio
Serving the Media Ministers: A Mixed Methods Study on the Personalization of Ministerial Communication
Get PDFThe personalization of politics has received much attention in both the political science and political communication literature, but the focus has almost entirely been on party leaders and prime ministers. This study investigates the personalization of ministerial communication in Norway, a type of decentralized personalization. It combines a survey of communication workers; in-depth interviews with politicians, communication workers, political reporters, and top-level civil servants; and ethnographic observation inside a ministry. The article goes beyond media-centered perspectives and identifies several potential drivers and barriers to personalization processes. Based on our mixed methods approach, we find that ministerial communication in Norway is strongly centered on the minister in both reactive media management and the proactive promotion of the minister and new policies. This decentralized personalization is driven by both demands from the media and the strategic adaptation by political and administrative actors within ministries. Based on the rich empirically grounded insights, the article discusses how the interplay between the logic of the contemporary commercial news media, political ambitions, internal administrative ambitions, and changes in executive government shapes the personalization of ministerial communication, and illuminates how these multiple drivers of personalization are mutually reinforcing.publishedVersionacceptedVersio