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Editorial Commitment to Trust and Integrity in Science : Implications for Pain and Anesthesiology Research
No full textInternational audienc
Sobriété
No full textInternational audienceSobriété Bruno VillalbaEntrées : limites planétaires, crises écologiques, anthropocène La sobriété peut être présentée comme la relation maîtrisée dans l'usage d'un produit, afin d'éviter le développement de conséquences négatives, tant au niveau individuel que collectif. Elle questionne la relation de dépendance qui peut s'établir avec un produit ou une ressource et propose des orientations afin d'établir un rapport maîtrisé dans les interactions avec eux. Elle s'appuie sur différentes justifications, à la fois morale, religieuse, politique, et désormais écologique, selon lesquelles nous devrions établir un rapport de modération, de retenue, ou bien encore de suffisance avec un bien ou une ressource, afin de continuer à pouvoir en bénéficier. La notion de sobriété fait l'objet d'une lutte définitionnelle entre deux référentiels (Villalba, 2023). Le premier, qui s'inscrit plutôt dans la tradition éthique et morale occidentale, construit la sobriété comme un outil de l'efficacité, ce qui permet d'établir un rapport de proportion et ainsi, de nos jours, continuer à préconiser la poursuite de la croissance "verte". La sobriété est ainsi la construction de la juste mesure dans l'usage d'un produit. Le second s'inscrit résolument dans le cadre des limites planétaires. La sobriété est un moyen d'ajustement aux situations de crises écologiques, qui impactent les milieux sociaux et naturels.</div
Subcycling Strategy for Finite‐Volume Updated‐Lagrangian Methods Applied to Fluid–Structure Interaction
No full textInternational audienceIn this article, we propose and investigate an explicit partitioned method for solving shock dynamics in fluid–structure interaction (FSI) problems. The method is fully conservative, ensuring the local conservation of mass, momentum, and energy, which is crucial for accurately capturing strong shock interactions. Using an updated‐Lagrangian finite‐volume approach, the method integrates a subcycling strategy to decouple time steps between the fluid and structure, significantly enhancing computational efficiency. Numerical experiments confirm the accuracy and stability of the method, demonstrating that it retains the key properties of monolithic solvers while reducing computational costs. Extensive validation across 1D and 3D FSI problems shows the method's capability for large‐scale, fast transient simulations, making it a promising solution for high‐performance applications
Widespread surface ozone reduction triggered by dust storm disturbance on ozone production and destruction chemistry
No full textInternational audienceNatural dust storms are associated with changes to atmospheric photochemical processes, including changes in surface ozone, a critical global air pollutant. Here, we quantified the change in surface ozone during dust storms for regions in China by using a synthesis of measurements and modeling approaches. Our results showed that notable reductions of the average ozone concentration (2.0 to 12.2 parts per billion by volume) were observed during the 12 dust storm events from 2016 to 2023, relative to predust storm levels. The chemical interactions of dust particles with ozone production processes played crucial roles in explaining approximately 13 to 35% of the observed ozone reduction, alongside the impact of intense meteorological disturbances on transport and formation of ozone. Among these interactions, the uptake of ozone, reactive nitrogen, and hydroperoxyl radical by dust particles could substantially contribute to the ozone suppression. This study highlighted the importance of interactions between severe dust pollution and atmospheric photochemistry
Characteristics of Human Metapneumovirus Infection Compared to Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Influenza Infections in Adults Hospitalized for Influenza-Like Illness in France, 2012–2022
No full textInternational audienceBackground: We aimed to compare the characteristics of human metapneumovirus (hMPV) infection with influenza A and B virus (FLUV) and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections in adults hospitalized with influenza-like illness (ILI).Methods: We conducted a post hoc analysis of adult patients hospitalized with community-acquired ILI who were enrolled in the FLUVAC study at 5 French referral hospitals from 2012 to 2022.Results: At least 1 respiratory virus was detected in 3620 of 6618 patients (55%), including FLUV (1524/3620 [42%]), RSV (248/3620 [7%]), and hMPV (162/3620 [5%]). hMPV+ patients, when compared to FLUV+ patients were more likely to develop at least 1 complication (60% [86/143] vs 50% [716/1435]; P = .02), especially acute heart failure, which occurred twice as often in hMPV+ during the hospital stay (22% [32/143] vs 11% [160/1434]; P < .001). The rates of respiratory (30% [43/143] vs 32% [70/216]; P = .73) or cardiac (22% [32/143] vs 15% [33/216]; P = .09) complications did not differ between hMPV+ and RSV+ patients. The in-hospital all-cause death rate was similar among all 3 populations (4% hMPV+, 4% FLUV+, and 5% RSV+).Conclusions: Hospitalized hMPV infections affect older patients with multiple chronic conditions who face frequent cardiac and pulmonary complications during hospitalization more frequently than with influenza and similar to RSV
Synthesis and Characterizations of Lanthanides Nickelates Thin Films
No full textInternational audienceRE 0.8 Sr 0.2 NiO 3 epitaxial thin films (with RE = Pr or Nd) are grown by pulsed laser deposition on SrTiO 3 and (LaAlO 3 ) 0,3 (Sr 2 TaAlO 6 ) 0,7 (001) (LSAT). Thin films are reduced in RE 0.8 Sr 0.2 NiO 2 and studied in transport properties. In preliminary transport measurements, the transport behavior is close to superconductivity. A study of the chemical composition of the perovskite phase as well as the infinite phase is carried out to determine the impact of the reduction process. In particular, a reduction in the cationic ratio is visible after the completion of the topotactic reduction. In the second part, the study of the impact of strains on the homogeneity of thin films after reduction is carried out. The control of homogeneity by modulating strains depending on the substrate is discussed
Do Locus of Control and Big Five Personality Traits Account for Individual Differences in Social Influence on Agency Judgments?
No full textInternational audienceThe sense of agency might be jointly affected by situational and interindividual factors. In this study, we examined whether personality traits and control beliefs can explain individual differences in both (1) sense of agency and (2) susceptibility of agency judgments to social influence. To do so, we used measures of the Big Five Personality Traits and Levenson's Locus of Control in combination with a task based on an interactive computer game, which we submitted to a large cohort of online participants (N = 562). We manipulated sensorimotor agency cues related to action control as well as social information communicated to participants. Our results show that while locus of control beliefs are related to differences in sense of agency, neither Big Five personality traits nor locus of control beliefs can account for differences in susceptibility to social influence. Locus of control and Big Five personality traits can account for some differences in sense of agency, but not for differences in belief alignment
Evaluation of gut leakage and bacterial translocation as efficacy biomarkers of immunotherapy in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)
No full textInternational audienceDespite the therapeutic advancements achieved through immunotherapy [immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs)] in treating advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the majority of patients will experience tumor progression. There is an urgent need for new predictive biomarkers of ICI efficacy in this setting. Our study aims to demonstrate the role of gut leakage, evaluated by plasma citrulline, and bacterial translocation, through blood microbiome assessment, as predictive markers of response to ICIs in advanced NSCLC
