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Beryllium 10 in Antarctica over the last seven millennia
No full textInternational audienceSince the first measurements of beryllium 10 (10Be) in ice, in the seventies, numerous profiles of this cosmogenic isotope have been obtained both in Antarctica and Greenland. In this article, we focus on Antarctic data, available at nine different sites, covering a significant part of the Holocene, from 237 to 7101 yr BP. We show that correlating their 10Be profiles allows to synchronize these ice cores with an excellent accuracy and to document the spatial variability of 10Be concentration and flux. We then examine how this variability is taken into account by a simulation of 10Be fallout recently performed with the ECHAM6.3-HAM2.3 model. Except for a systematic underestimation of 10Be fluxes at high accumulation sites, these simulations are overall very satisfying. Finally the excellent accuracy of synchronisation based on 10Be profiles allows us to derive an Antarctic stack record over the last seven millennia. The reliability of the new 10Be stack is demonstrated by its superior correspondence with the accurately dated IntCal20 record based on 14C in tree rings
Scientific integrity from a meta-ethical perspective: more contextualization and research ethics committees? A preliminary meta-ethics study
No full textInternational audienceA thematic analysis of secondary information extracted from this sample enabled us to identify three principal themes in scientific integrity: its institutionalization, definition and applicability. And these themes, with their subthemes, highlighted two trends. On the one hand, scientific morality tends towards moral absolutism, whereas, on the other, it tends towards moral relativism. In other words, context does not, morally, justify anything in the first case, but can, ethically, justify certain things in the second. We think that it would be questionable to formalize scientific integrity as a moral absolutism, but this does not necessarily tip the balance in favor of radical moral relativism either. Scientific integrity should allow a contextualization of certain scientific practices within the framework of the activities of research ethics committees applying pragmatist ethical theories
DIM PAMIR network and activities
No full textInternational audienceThe following datasets document the activity of the DIM PAMIR (Domaine d'intérêt majeur — Patrimoines matériels – Innovation, expérimentation et résilience) over the period 2022 January 1st to 2025 December 31th. The data comes from the DIM coordination's internal databases. The precise content and meaning of each of the attached tables are described in the text document "Documentation jeux de données DIM PAMIR" (in French)
The Impact of Inclusive Education Practices on Students With <scp>ASD</scp> 'S Outcomes: Report From the <scp>ELENA</scp> French Cohort Study
No full textInternational audienceABSTRACT Inclusive education is largely promoted in the field of autism spectrum disorders (ASD), but scientific and empiric studies about the impact of school inclusion on the children's outcome are lacking. We studied the effect of the type of inclusion (regular classroom vs. special education classroom) in a sample of 356 children with ASD over a three‐years period. Results first showed that, when comparing both groups at baseline, children in special education classes were older, had a higher level of challenging behaviors and came from lower socioeconomic status families. Once matched through propensity score, children in special classrooms had significantly lower communication and daily living skills than children in ordinary classrooms after 3 years, whereas there was no significant difference in socialization skills and in IQ. Overall, placement in a regular education classroom was positive for most children, however there is a high inter‐individual variability and it is very unlikely that inclusive settings are by default superior for all children with special needs. These results, emphasizing the crucial role of the mainstream milieu, cannot be considered definitive and further studies are needed to address this critical educational policy issue. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02625116
Associations between abuse, neglect, and at-risk family interactions with adolescent psychiatric disorders
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Discriminative utility and limitations of the strengths and difficulties questionnaire for ADHD in a referred clinical pediatric sample
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An improved approach to estimate the natural land carbon sink
No full textInternational audienceAbstract The natural land carbon sink (SLAND) absorbs roughly 25–30% of anthropogenic CO2 emissions, thus playing a critical role in offsetting climate warming. In the Global Carbon Budget (GCB), SLAND is estimated using model simulations that isolate the carbon response of land to environmental changes (i.e. rising atmospheric CO2, nitrogen deposition, and changes in climate). However, these simulations assume fixed pre-industrial land cover, failing to represent today's human-altered landscapes. This leads to a systematic overestimation of forest area, and thus CO2 sink strength, in regions heavily altered by human activity. We present a new process-based approach to estimate SLAND using Dynamic Global Vegetation Models. Our corrected estimate reduces SLAND by ~20% (0.6 PgC yr-1) over 2015–2024, from 3.00 ± 0.94 to 2.42 ± 0.77 PgC yr-1. We incorporate this new SLAND estimate with emissions from land-use change from bookkeeping models, to estimate a net land sink of 1.19 ± 1.04 PgC yr-1, which aligns closely with atmospheric inversion constraints. This downward revision of SLAND reduces the magnitude of the budget imbalance for 2015–2024, indicating a more consistent partitioning of the global carbon budget