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No full textNot AvailableLatin hypercube designs (LHDs) are often used in designing complex computer models. A new special type of Latin hypercube design known as Sliced LHD (SLHD) are now a days gaining much importance in the field of computer experiments. SLHDs are a special type of LHDs which can be further partitioned into different slices and act as batches of smaller Latin hypercube designs. In this article we have proposed methods of construction for Sliced Latin hypercube designs of equal as well as unequal batch size. The whole design and each slice of SLHD can have maximum coverage of design points in one-dimension region.Not Availabl
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No full textNot AvailableNatural gums are among the important non timber forest products and are produced from a wide range of plants. Devices for commercially important gums tapping from selected tree species have been developed and standardized but manually operated light weight efficient device for moringa gum tapping from Moringa oleifera trees is lacking. Considering the need, a manually operated portable blazer for sustainable gum tapping from Moringa oleifera trees was developed and evaluated in actual field condition. Developed gum tapping blazer consists of working blade, depth control mechanism and handle. During the process of moringa gum tapping experiment from Moringa oleifera trees utilizing developed blazer, it was observed that blazes on the tree trunk of Moringa oleifera trees could be easily made using developed blazer having sharp edges in semicircular shape. Developed gum tapping blazer was operated easily without any problem. Depth control mechanism provided in the developed gum tapping blazer was also found working as per requirement and suitable for operating the blazer easily. Developed blazer is portable, manually operated and user friendly equipment. Mean yield of moringa gum was found 59.76 g with minimum mean gum production 2.19 g in the month of October, 2020 and mean maximum gum production 257.85 g in the month of July, 2021, respectively. Semicircular blazes on the tree trunk of Moringa oleifera trees for moringa gum tapping can be develop easily with reduced manpower requirement, drudgery and time utilizing developed gum tapping blazer.Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delh
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No full textNot AvailableSocial media has undeniably emerged as a powerful tool in the arsenal of the modern farmer, offering a multitude of benefits that extend far beyond the conventional boundaries of agricultural practices. Its role in facilitating knowledge exchange, market access and community support is particularly significant in the context of Indian agriculture, where such resources can dramatically influence productivity and sustainability. As digital literacy and access continue to improve, the potential of social media to transform the agricultural landscape remains vast, promising a future of enhanced efficiency and connectivity for the farming community. When the country’s farming is standing at a vulnerable condition due to rapid change of climate, it may be a right moment to inform them about climate resilient farming practices in the fastest way possible- the social media can become the best utility for that.Not Availabl
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No full textNot AvailableEarly generation breeding trials are to be conducted in multiple environments where it may not be possible to replicate all the lines in each environment due to scarcity of resources. For such situations, partially replicated (p-Rep) designs have wide application potential as only a proportion of the test lines are replicated at each environment. A collection of several utility functions related to p-Rep designs have been developed. Here, the package contains six functions for a complete stepwise analytical study of these designs. Five functions pRep1(), pRep2(), pRep3(), pRep4() and pRep5(), are used to generate five new series of p-Rep designs and also compute average variance factors and canonical efficiency factors of generated designs. A fourth function NCEV() is used to generate incidence matrix (N), information matrix (C), canonical efficiency factor (E) and average variance factor (V). This function is general in nature and can be used for studying the characterization properties of any block design. A construction procedure for p-Rep designs was given by Williams et al.(2011) which was tedious and time consuming. Here, in this package, five different methods have been given to generate p-Rep designs easily.Not Availabl
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No full textNot AvailableCell-based fish meat production, an innovative technology in its early stages in India, promises to address the fish demands of the future. This method, unlike traditional fisheries, cultivates meat directly from cells. The process begins with harvesting progenitor cells from the target fish, then differentiating and proliferating to the required numbers (either with or without scaffolds), and finally, compacting them into meat. This technique has the potential to create meat of all types of fishes, including threatened, endangered and non-native species. However, before cell-based meat can be commercially viable in India, it faces challenges such as production costs, consumer preferences for meat quality, and the establishment of national food safety standards, particularly as the market readies for both imported and domestically produced lab-grown fish products.Not Availabl
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No full textNot AvailableIndia continues to import fish and fishery products under different harmonized system (HS) codes to meet the domestic and global demand. There have been structural or compositional changes in the import items of fish and fish products during the period 2000-2019. The normalized fish trade balance for quantity and import value was in the rage of 0.92– 0.97 during 2000-2019, which indicated that India is a fish export-oriented country. Even then, the import of fish and fishery products increased linearly during this period at a rate of 1656 tonnes in terms of quantity. India had imported 3232 tonnes of fish and fishery products worth US 112 Million in 2019. The import of chilled form of fish and fishery products under the head HS-0302 decreased during the period 2000-2019, whereas the import of crustaceans under the head HS-0306 increased. But, value wise contribution from items under the head HS – 0304 increased significantly compared to the other heads. Asian countries like Bangladesh, Thailand, Indonesia, Singapore, Malaysia, Vietnam, China, Oman and UAE were the major countries exported fish and fishery products to India under different HS codes. The study highlights India’s fish import policy, focusing on strict sanitary and phytosanitary requirements and a robust market intelligence system, due to high domestic market demand.Not Availabl
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No full textNot AvailableThe aim of this study was to compare the drying kinetics, proximate composition,
instrumental texture and colour profiling of dried shrimp (Metapenaeus dobsoni) under open
sun drying (30±2°C), solar with electricity backup drying (60°C) and advanced microwave
(1000W/60°C) drying techniques. Initially, the drying rate was faster and inversely related to
the progress of time. Upon comparison, it was observed that the drying rate was highest in
the microwave drying technique compared to solar with electric backup drying and open sun
drying. The protein (15.76 to 71.12%), fat (0.39% to 5.96%) and ash content (0.54 to 3.10%)
showed an increase as the drying process progressed. Furthermore, the moisture content
of the dried shrimp products was observed to be in the range of 9.9 to 12.5%. The water
activity of dried shrimp ranged from 0.63 to 0.69. The energy value of fresh shrimp was
70.43 kcal 100 g-1, which increased to 357 kcal 100 g-1 after drying. The hardness decreased
during the drying process, while during storage, it showed an increasing trend. Higher
redness and lower yellowness were observed for microwave-dried shrimps compared to
other drying techniques, indicating superior quality. The study indicated more efficiency for
the microwave drying technique with a higher drying rate and yielded a product with superior
quality characteristics in terms of colour and texture.Not Availabl
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No full textNot AvailableSeventh pandemic Vibrio choleare O1 El Tor strain is responsible for the on-going pandemic outbreak of cholera globally. This strain evolved from non-pathogenic V. cholerae by acquiring seventh pandemic gene (VC 2346), pandemic Islands (VSP1 and VSP2), pathogenicity islands (VP1 and VP2) and CTX prophage region. The cholera toxin production is mainly attributed to the presence of ctx gene in these strains. However, several variants of this strain emerged as hybrid strains or atypical strains. The present study aimed to assess the aquatic environment of Cochin, India, over a period of 5 years for the emergence of multidrug resistant V. cholerae and its similarity with seventh pandemic strain. The continuous surveillance and monitoring resulted in the isolation of ctx negative, O1 positive V. cholerae isolate (VC6) from coastal water, Cochin, Kerala. The isolate possessed the biotype specific O1 El Tor tcpA gene and lacked other biotype specific ctx, zot, ace and rst genes. Whole genome analysis revealed the isolate belongs to pandemic sequence type (ST) 69 with the possession of pandemic VC2346 gene, pathogenic island VPI1, VPI2, and pandemic island VSP1 and VSP2. The isolate possessed several insertion sequences and the SXT/R391 family related Integrative Conjugative Elements (ICEs). In addition to this, the isolate genome carried virulence genes such as VgrG, mshA, ompT, toxR, ompU, rtxA, als, VasX, makA, and hlyA and antimicrobial resistance genes such as gyrA, dfrA1, strB, parE, sul2, parC, strA, VC1786ICE9-floR, and catB9. Moreover, the phylogenetic analysis suggests that the isolate genome is more closely related to seventh pandemic V. cholerae O1 N16961 strain. This study reports the first incidence of environmental ctx negative seventh pandemic V. choleare O1 El Tor isolate, globally and its presence in the aquatic system likely to induce toxicity in terms of public health point of view. The presence of this isolate in the aquatic environment warns the strict implementation of the epidemiological surveillance on the occurrence of emerging strains and the execution of flagship program for the judicious use of antibiotics in the aquatic ecosystem.Not Availabl