Norwegian Geotechnical Institute (NGI) Digital Archive
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Datareport corelogging KH-01-2018
Get PDFKH-01-18 is a core drilled bore hole at the west flank in the Åknes rock slope. The bore hole is 222.6 meter deep, and was core drilled during July to August 2018. Geodrilling AS performed the core drilling on assignment from Norwegian Water- and Energy directorate (NVE). Lise Tønset (NTNU) and Henrik Langeland performed engineering geological core logging in November-December 2018. The rock type registered in KH-01-2018 is gneiss with variation in grain size and colour according to classification from ISO 14689. The core logging shows that the core is intersected with crushed zones in the upper 50-60 m. In this section also 2 intervals with core loss are registered. From 60 m to about 160 m depth there is no presence of crushed zones >10 cm, however RQD and fractures/meter (FFm) values are varying. From about 160 m to end of bore hole the rock mass is considered solid with a massive character. No crushed zones are registered and the rock mass is generally considered good, evaluating RQD- and FFm values.Norges vassdrags- og energidirektorat (NVE
Deliverable 3.1. Field trial framework for the use of knowledge concerning climate adaptation measures and their implementation
Get PDFThis field trial framework aims to ensure that the various field trials at the EVOKED case study sites are carried out, as much as possible, in a consistent manner such that they may be cross compared, and lessons may be drawn. We do so by describing a framework using the key aspects of EVOKED:
• Climate services: the service of providing climate information in such a way that it supports decision-making, as well as benefiting society. Examples of such services are projections, trends, economic analysis
• Living Lab approach: an action-oriented research approach with committed stakeholders who actively participate in a real-life test and experimentation environment (i.e. laboratory) to test hypothesis, in this case hypotheses concerning climate services as well as coming up with solutions for complex problems such as climate adaptation or risk and uncertainty assessments.
• Information: the creation of information from climate data so that it becomes meaningful, useful for stakeholders and end-users in making decisions.
A series of hypotheses are formulated for each of these key aspects to translate the theoretical concepts into a field trial framework. Thus the goal of the field trials is to find ways in which climate information meets the needs of the end-EU, Horizon Europe European Research Area for Climate Services JPI Climate The Research Council of Norway Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Germany) NWO FORMA
Halden research site: geotechnical characterization of a post glacial silt
Get PDFThis paper describes the geology and geotechnical engineering properties of the Halden silt; a 10–12 m thick deposit of fjord-marine, low plasticity clayey silt. Over the last six years, the test site has been well characterized by combining the results from a number of geophysical and in situ tools, including; electrical resistivity tomography, multi-channel analysis of surface wave surveys, cone penetration testing, dissipation testing, in situ pore pressure measurements, seismic flat dilatometer testing, field vane testing, self-boring pressure meter testing, screw plate load testing and hydraulic fracture testing. The results from these investigations assist the interpretation of layering and in situ soil properties. Soil sampling and advanced laboratory testing have provided data for interpretation of geological setting and depositional history, soil fabric, strength, stiffness and hydraulic properties. However, interpretation of the stress history, based on oedometer tests and clay-based correlations to the cone penetration test, are unreliable. They contradict the depositional history, which suggests that the soil units at the site are near normally consolidated, except for some surface weathering and desiccation. Further, undrained shear strength interpretations are complex as the in situ tests are potentially influenced by partial drainage, and conventional undrained triaxial tests do not provide a unique (peak) undrained shear strength. Despite certain interpretation challenges the paper presents important reference data to assist in the interpretation and assessment of similar silts, and provide some guidance on important geotechnical properties for projects where limited design parameters are available.Halden research site: geotechnical characterization of a post glacial sil
The partitioning of Sb in contaminated soils after being immobilization by Fe-based amendments is more dynamic compared to Pb
Get PDFSoils and sediments from shooting ranges can be heavily contaminated with metals and metalloids that can leach significant concentrations into the environment. To prevent trace element leaching, contaminated soils must be stabilized prior to deposition. Here, we present a geochemical study on the lability of Sb (oxyanion) and Pb (cation) in heavily contaminated shooting range soil after amendment with a Fe-rich slag in combination with either FeSO4 or an acidic contaminated organic soil. The treatment effect on leaching potential and chemical lability with time was tested in a column leaching experiment and by a diffusive gradient in thin film technology (DGT) experiment, respectively. Both treatments substantially reduced the Sb and Pb leaching, but the slag&FeSO4 was most effective. The DGT-lability of the slag&organic-soil treatment caused a 78% and 93% reduction in SbDGT and PbDGT, respectively. The slag&FeSO4 reduced the SbDGT and PbDGT by 90% and 98.5%, respectively. Application of slag&FeSO4 to the contaminated soil, increasingly immobilized Pb as time prevailed, leaving only an insignificant fraction geochemically labile. Antimony was comparably more labile with time. This outcome indicates that although the Sb leaching was effectively reduced, the Sb sorption to the amendments is weaker and that the sorbed Sb may remain geochemically labile beyond a few weeks of contact with the Fe-rich slagThe partitioning of Sb in contaminated soils after being immobilization by Fe-based amendments is more dynamic compared to PbpublishedVersio
Experimental and analytical assessment of Draupne shale seal integrity for CO2 storage sites
Get PDFCarbon dioxide (CO2) capture and storage is one of the most important measures to reduce the atmospheric concentration of CO2. To ensure safe storage, operations must be conducted in way that respects operational limitations. Furthermore, the operational limitations should be based on models appropriately accounting for relevant material properties and in-situ stress conditions. In this study, we combine various experimental approaches on the Draupne shale to get a more complete picture of the properties of intact and naturally fractured samples and to evaluate the feasibility of using passive seismic to monitor this North Sea caprock. The measured properties combined with in-situ stresses are used to calculate stresses acting on arbitrarily oriented fractures and associated stabilities using an in-house developed software.Experimental and analytical assessment of Draupne shale seal integrity for CO2 storage sitespublishedVersio
The Tiller-Flotten research site: Geotechnical characterization of a very sensitive clay deposit
Get PDFThe Tiller-Flotten research site was developed through the Norwegian GeoTest site (NGTS) project. The site consists of a more than 50 m thick marine clay deposit. The top 7.5 m of the deposit shows a low to medium sensitivity, while sensitivity increases up to approximately 200 from 7.5 to 20 m below the ground surface. A wide variety of in situ and laboratory data have been acquired to investigate the geotechnical, geological and geophysical properties of the material. The sensitive clay shows low to medium plasticity and a liquidity index (IL) above 1.6. It shows some overconsolidation (OCR ≈ 1.5–3.0) linked to the glacial history of the area. Its strength and stiffness properties show good agreement with some well-known correlations for sensitive clays. Anisotropy in undrained shear strength is also similar to other sensitive clays of Norway. It is hoped that the next years will see an increased use of this benchmark test site at Tiller-Flotten. The site can be used as a research tool, as training and teaching facilities and as ground for development of new soil models, testing of new investigation methods and further advance the state-of-the-art in sensitive clay material.publishedVersio
Laboratory procedures and standards for the NGTS project
Get PDFThis report gives an overview of the laboratory testing procedures used in the NGTS project.The Research Council of NorwaypublishedVersio
Field and Laboratory Test Results from NGTS soft clay site – Onsøy
Get PDFIn 2017, the Norwegian GeoTest Sites (NGTS) project established five research sites,
one of which is the new Onsøy soft clay site located close to Fredrikstad city. This report
contains all results from field and laboratory tests related to the NGTS soft clay test site
to revision date. In-situ methods include electrical resistivity tomography, multichannel
analysis of surface waves, total soundings, rotary pressure soundings, cone penetration
testing with and without seismic and electrical resistivity measurements, dilatometer
with seismic measurements, self-boring pressuremeter, electric piezometers, thermistor
string, hydraulic fracture testing and earth pressure cells.
Soil samples were obtained using different sampling techniques such as Sherbrook
Block sampler, in addition to 72 mm piston sampler and 54 mm combined piston
sampler. Laboratory tests such as multi sensor core logging, index testing, cyclic and
monotonic, consolidated and unconsolidated triaxial tests, bender element tests,
oedometer tests with constant rate and incremental loading and direct simple shear tests
have been drawn upon.
Different projects, other than NGTS as well, have been performing field tests, sampling
and laboratory testing. However, all the field work and laboratory work have been
combined to identify the new test site at Onsøy and characterize the clay at the new test
site.publishedVersio
State-of-the-art review of soft computing applications in underground excavations
Get PDFSoft computing techniques are becoming even more popular and particularly amenable to model the complex behaviors of most geotechnical engineering systems since they have demonstrated superior predictive capacity, compared to the traditional methods. This paper presents an overview of some soft computing techniques as well as their applications in underground excavations. A case study is adopted to compare the predictive performances of soft computing techniques including eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines (MARS), Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), and Support Vector Machine (SVM) in estimating the maximum lateral wall deflection induced by braced excavation. This study also discusses the merits and the limitations of some soft computing techniques, compared with the conventional approaches available.publishedVersio
Characterization and engineering properties of the NGTS Onsøy soft clay site
Get PDFIn the 1960s, NGI investigated numerous potential research sites and established the first Onsøy soft clay site in 1968. In 2016, the NGTS project established five research sites, one of which is the NGTS Onsøy soft clay site. The purpose of this paper is to provide a reference for further in-situ and laboratory testing at the site and easy access to high-quality soil investigation data. The paper interprets the soil conditions providing engineering soil properties, comments on data reliability and quality, and correlations between different soil parameters where appropriate. The lightly overconsolidated soft clay site has been characterized based on extensive in-situ and laboratory testing. In-situ methods include electrical resistivity tomography, multichannel analysis of surface waves, total soundings, rotary pressure soundings, cone penetration testing with and without seismic and electrical resistivity measurements, dilatometer with seismic measurements, self-boring pressuremeter, electric piezometers, thermistor string, hydraulic fracture testing and earth pressure cells. Soil samples were obtained using Sherbrook block sampler, Geonor φ 72 mm piston sampler, Geonor φ 54 mm composite piston sampler and hydraulic piston and push samplers with liners. Laboratory tests include multi-sensor core logging, index testing, cyclic and monotonic, consolidated and unconsolidated triaxial tests, bender element tests, oedometer tests with constant rate of strain and incremental loading and direct simple shear tests.Characterization and engineering properties of the NGTS Onsøy soft clay sit