Norwegian Geotechnical Institute (NGI) Digital Archive
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Effects of leachates from UV-weathered microplastic on the microalgae Scenedesmus vacuolatus
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Occurrence and sorption behaviour of bisphenols and benzophenone UV-filters in e-waste plastic and vehicle fluff
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Using Passive Samplers to Track per and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) Emissions From the Paper Industry: Laboratory Calibration and Field Verification
Get PDFPer and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are becoming more stringently regulated and as such, a more diverse suite of environmental monitoring methods is needed. In this work a polar organic chemical integrative sampler (POCIS) with a nylon membrane and a combination of Oasis WAX and Fluoroflash® sorbents was calibrated in the laboratory and deployed in the field. A static renewal system was used to determine sampling rates for 12 PFAS which ranged between 0.69 ± 0.27 to 5.68 ± 1.80 L/day. POCIS devices were deployed for 10 days in lake Tyrifjorden, Norway which is known to be contaminated by a closed down factory producing paper products, in order to track the evolution of the PFAS contamination in a river system draining into the lake. Th sampling campaign enabled the stretch of the river which was responsible for the emissions of PFAS to lake Tyrifjorden to be identified. Freely dissolved concentrations determined with the POCIS were lowest at the site considered to reflect a diffuse PFAS contamination and highest at the site located downstream the factory. Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA) and perfluorooctane sulfonamidoacetic acid (EtFOSAA) dominated the concentration profile at this site. Emissions of PFAS to lake Tyrifjorden were estimated to be 3.96 g/day for the sum of the 12 investigated PFAS.publishedVersio
The fate of poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances in a marine food web influenced by land-based sources in the Norwegian Arctic
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WP 2 – Full-scale experiments at Ryggfonn Ryggfonn avalanche observations 2019/2020
Get PDFNGI is operating the avalanche test site at Ryggfonn in Stryn municipality, Vestland county, western Norway (61.969°N, 7.275°E) since early 1980s. In addition to the field work and data collection in frame work of WP2, necessary repairs and updating of the data acquisition system at the Ryggfonn avalanche test site were carried out under this task. This is to ensure that the site is ready for the winter season 2020/2021.NVE (Norges vassdrags- og energidirektorat
Interplay between base-salt relief, progradational sediment loading and salt tectonics in the Nordkapp Basin, Barents Sea – Part II
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Testing Tsunami Inundation Maps for Evacuation Planning in Italy
Get PDFnundation maps are a fundamental tool for coastal risk management and in particular for
designing evacuation maps and evacuation planning. These in turn are a necessary component
of the tsunami warning systems’ last-mile. In Italy inundation maps are informed by a probabilistic
tsunami hazard model. Based on a given level of acceptable risk, Italian authorities in charge for
this task recommended to consider, as design hazard intensity, the average return period of
2500 years and the 84th percentile of the hazard model uncertainty. An available, regional-scale
tsunami hazard model was used that covers the entire Italian coastline. Safety factors based on
analysis of run-up variability and an empirical coastal dissipation law on a digital terrain model
(DTM) were applied to convert the regional hazard into the design run-up and the corresponding
evacuation maps with a GIS-based approach. Since the regional hazard cannot fully capture the
local-scale variability, this simplified and conservative approach is considered a viable and feasible
practice to inform local coastal risk management in the absence of high-resolution hazard models.
The present work is a first attempt to quantify the uncertainty stemming from such procedure. We
compare the GIS-based inundation maps informed by a regional model with those obtained from
a local high-resolution hazard model. Two locations on the coast of eastern Sicily were
considered, and the local hazard was addressed with the same seismic model as the
regional one, but using a higher-resolution DTM and massive numerical inundation
calculations with the GPU-based Tsunami-HySEA nonlinear shallow water code. This study
shows that the GIS-based inundation maps used for planning deal conservatively with potential
hazard underestimation at the local scale, stemming from typically unmodeled uncertainties in the
numerical source and tsunami evolution models. The GIS-based maps used for planning fall
within the estimated “error-bar” due to such uncertainties. The analysis also demonstrates the
need to develop local assessments to serve very specific risk mitigation actions to reduce the
uncertainty. More in general, the presented case-studies highlight the importance to explore ways
of dealing with uncertainty hidden within the high-resolution numerical inundation models, e.g.,
related to the crude parameterization of the bottom friction, or the inaccuracy of the DTM.publishedVersio
